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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2027
    Authorisation of notary publics on real property transactions in relation to the Turkish land registry system based on Cadastre 2014 vision

    Çoruhlu, Yakup Emre; Inan, Halil Ibrahim; Çelik, Mehmet Ozgur; Alemdar, Alkan; Yildiz, Okan; Azadi, Hossein

    The International Federation of Surveyors (FIG) has globally influenced land administration through its Cadastre 2014 vision and subsequent LADM standards. T & uuml;rkiye has been modernizing its land registry and cadastre system accordingly. The General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre (GDLRC) manages approximately 17 million annual transactions, including about 3.4 million conveyancing (long-term averages). To reduce congestion in Land Registry Offices (LROs), notaries were authorized to issue sales contracts in June 2022. This study investigates the effects of this change within the Cadastre 2014/2034 framework in terms of the maturity of the Turkish Land Administration System (LAS) and also by linking the issue to broader debates within land management and governance. A survey of 140 GDLRC experts revealed that notary involvement currently offers limited time and financial benefits to citizens and does not significantly reduce LRO workload. The central factor for this limitation is evaluated to be the maturity of Turkish LAS. On the other hand, the initiative aligns with Cadastre 2014's fifth statement, which advocates public-private collaboration, and therefore it should be further evolved. Within this evolution, administrative/managerial fixes and training programmes for notaries in the short term, management of all internal and external RRRs via LAS as a spatial data infrastructure service in line with LADM standards in the medium term, and betterment of institutional coordination, public responsibility development and capacity building in the long term are proposed for a better eventual land administration and management towards local and national good land governance.

    • SDG 16 · Barış, Adalet ve Güçlü Kurumlar
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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2027
    A hierarchical metaheuristic framework for CPT-based soil liquefaction prediction with Kolmogorov–Arnold Network variants

    Günen, Mehmet Akif; Öztürk, Kaşif Furkan

    Soil liquefaction is a critical geotechnical hazard that threatens the safety of civil infrastructure under seismic loading, necessitating robust and interpretable prediction models. This study proposes a hierarchical framework for CPT-based soil liquefaction prediction using meta-heuristic-optimized Kolmogorov–Arnold Network (KAN) variants. The framework follows a two-stage optimization strategy. First, six state-of-the-art meta-heuristic algorithms are statistically compared to identify the most effective optimization method. Second, the selected algorithm is employed to optimize six KAN variants, including FastKAN, EfficientKAN, FourierKAN, ChebyKAN, JacobiRKAN, and PadéRKAN. Statistical comparisons based on the Wilcoxon signed-rank test demonstrate that the Colony-Based Search algorithm (CSA) achieves lower objective-function values than the competing meta-heuristics (p<0.01) and is therefore adopted as the core optimization strategy. Performance evaluation reveals that the CSA-optimized ChebyKAN model achieves the highest predictive accuracy, with an F1 Score of 0.8875 ± 0.011 and an AUC of 0.9115 ± 0.013. Pairwise McNemar tests detected no statistically significant difference in classification decisions for any evaluated model pair (p>0.01). SHapley Additive exPlanations analysis identified qc, qc1N, and amax as the variables with the largest model-specific attributions, whereas d, c, and σv received lower attributions. A cost-sensitive error analysis further showed that ChebyKAN produced the lowest false-negative rate and the lowest asymmetric error cost under 5:1 and 10:1 false-negative-to-false-positive cost scenarios, supporting its conservative behaviour for safety-critical liquefaction screening. The results establish the proposed CSA–KAN framework as a reliable, high-accuracy, and interpretable solution for CPT-based soil liquefaction assessment in geotechnical engineering practice.

    • SDG 9 · Sanayi, Yenilikçilik ve Altyapı
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  • MakaleYalnız künye2027
    Analytical UWB waveform design based on linear combination of Gaussian-modulated sinusoids

    Oğuz, Yasin; Kaya, Haydar

    This study proposes an analytical ultra wide-band (UWB) waveform design based on linear combination of Gaussian-modulated sine waves to prevent interference with existing narrowband systems, in accordance with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) UWB spectral mask. The proposed model determines the common pulse duration and the center frequencies of the components in closed-form using the relationships among the number of components, the overlap of components and the design band frequency limits. As a result, UWB waveforms for different design scenarios can be generated without computationally intensive algorithms. The method was evaluated in terms of spectrum utilization efficiency (SUE) within the 3.1-10.6 GHz indoor FCC UWB band. Results show that same SUE can be achieved with fewer components by appropriate overlap level. Comparisons with existing studies demonstrate that the proposed approach provides high performance for similar component numbers while avoiding complex optimization-based models with high computational cost. Moreover, the normalized spectral form and SUE are preserved for different sub-band widths when the analytical parameters are updated according to the new frequency limits. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is an effective waveform design approach due to its low computational complexity, high SUE, and scalability to multi-subband full-band UWB designs.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2027
    Serial mediating role of belonging and state mindfulness in the relationship between clinical learning environment and caring behaviors in nursing students

    Özalp, Cemal; Tuncer, Metin; Kaya, Abdulsamed; Şahin, Fatih

    Aim: The study aimed to examine the relationship between clinical learning environment and caring behaviors in nursing students and to test the serial mediating roles of belonging and state mindfulness in this relationship. Background: The psychosocial mechanisms linking the clinical learning environment to caring behaviors remain unclear, particularly the combined roles of belonging and state mindfulness. Design: The study had a cross-sectional design and was conducted in line with the STROBE guidelines. Methods: The sample consisted of 452 undergraduate nursing students studying at a state university in Turkiye. The data were collected between December 2025 and January 2026 using the Personal Information Form, Clinical Learning Environment Scale, Nursing Department Belonging Scale, State Mindfulness Scale, and Caring Behaviors Inventory. Results: The clinical learning environment was found to be positively correlated with sense of belonging (B = 0.412, p < .001). Sense of belonging significantly predicted both State Mindfulness (B = 0.607, p < .001) and caring behaviors (B = 0.857, p < .001). State mindfulness is also a significant predictor of caring behaviors (B = 0.734, p < .001). Indirect effects analyses indicated that the clinical learning environment was associated with caring behaviors through sense of belonging and through the sequential pathway involving both sense of belonging and state mindfulness. However, the direct effect of the clinical learning environment on caring behaviors was not significant. Additionally, the indirect effect of the clinical learning environment on caring behaviors through state mindfulness alone was not significant. Conclusions: The results of the study showed that the clinical learning environment is associated with nursing students' caring behaviors indirectly through sense of belonging and state mindfulness, rather than directly.

    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
    • SDG 4 · Nitelikli Eğitim
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  • MakaleYalnız künye2027
    Efficacy of blue light-assisted ClO2 for Salmonella decontamination on basil leaves: inactivation kinetics, quality preservation, and microbiota dynamics

    Lian, Yi; Liu, Songlin; Ozturk, Samet; Wei, Xinyao

    Frequent Salmonella outbreaks associated with basil leaves highlight the need for effective postharvest decontamination. Conventional microbial sanitizers often fail to inactivate pathogens while preserving product quality, creating a demand for novel decontamination technologies suitable for basil. In this study, the microbial safety of basil under typical consumption scenarios was evaluated and a blue light-assisted ClO2 (COM) decontamination process for basil leaves was developed. Mathematical models were used to describe the microbial inactivation kinetics, and a systematic comparison was conducted against traditional single-chemical sanitizers (H2O2, HClO, ClO2, and 75% ethanol) in terms of microbial safety and final product quality. Results showed that simulated cooking scenarios, including pizza baking and hot soup immersion, were insufficient to reduce the Salmonella levels below the detection limit (<10 CFU/g) under a high initial load of 9.7 log CFU/g. Compared to the single-chemical treatments, 100 mg/L COM treatment achieved significantly higher decontamination (p < 0.05) by reducing Salmonella and background microbiota by 4.8 and 3.5 log CFU/g, respectively, with treatment time of 15 min. The inactivation kinetics of Salmonella showed a non-linear inactivation kinetics, which was captured by the Weibull model with a low RMSE value (RMSE = 0.16), although the AICc value (11.37) indicated limited model parsimony. Furthermore, the COM treatment significantly reduced bacterial richness (with the Chao1 index decreasing from 316 to 71) and effectively inactivated key spoilage organisms (Pseudomonas) as well as members of the Enterobacteriaceae, Actinomycetota, and Bacillota groups. Compared with the 100 mg/L ClO2 treatment alone (1.40 mg/kg), the 100 mg/L COM treatment resulted in a ClO2 residue concentration below the detection limit, without significantly altering visual appearance, color, chlorophyll content, total phenolics, or polyphenol oxidase activity (p > 0.05). Overall, blue light-assisted ClO2 treatment effectively reduced microbial contamination and reduced ClO2 residues while preserving the physical quality of basil, representing a promising decontamination approach for the fresh produce industry.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
    • SDG 12 · Sorumlu Üretim ve Tüketim
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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2027
    Development of flood fear scale and investigation of psychometric properties

    Torpuş, Kemal; Cengiz, Sevil

    This study aimed to develop a flood fear scale. The study was designed as a methodological and cross-sectional study. The study was conducted with 1158 participants aged 18–65 residing in Türkiye’s Black Sea Region between February 15, 2025, and May 15, 2025. SPSS 25 and Amos 21 programs were used to analyze the data. The flood fear scale consists of four dimensions and 26 items. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.948, and the scale explained 62.644% of the total variance. The model fit indices were χ2/ df = 3.444, RMSEA = 0.065, SRMR = 0.056, CFI = 0.921, IFI = 0.922, NFI = 0.893, and TLI = 0.912. The findings indicated that the flood fear scale provided valid and reliable for adults aged 18–65 residing in Türkiye’s Black Sea Region. The total scores obtainable from the scale range from 26 to 130, with higher scores indicating an increased level of flood fear. Scale can be used to assess flood fear in community-based disaster risk reduction efforts. It is recommended that validity and reliability studies of the scale be conducted in different cultures and geographical regions.

    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2027
    Design, Synthesis, and X-ray Characterization of Benzohydrazide Derivatives as Cholinesterase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease: An Experimental and Computational Approach to Biological Activity

    Topal, Fevzi; Ünver, Hakan; Topal, Meryem; Çevik, Ulviye Acar; Kırboğa, Kevser Kübra; Işık, Mesut; Beydemir, Şükrü

    In this study, a series of new benzohydrazide derivatives (1a-i) were synthesized, and characterized as potential cholinesterase inhibitors for use in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The inhibitory activities of the synthesized compounds against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes were evaluated using in vitro and in silico methods. IC50 values for AChE inhibition ranged from 29.50 to 46.21 nM, with compound 1c exhibiting the highest inhibitory potential at an IC50 of 29.50 nM. For the BChE enzyme, the strongest effect was observed with compound 1d at an IC50 of 55 nM. The synthesized derivatives exhibited higher inhibitory potential compared to the reference tacrine (IC50: 58.73 nM for AChE and 187.30 nM for BChE) against cholinesterase enzymes through both competitive and non-competitive inhibition mechanisms. Molecular docking (ΔG: -10.67 to -9.95 kcal/mol for AChE; -9.80 to -8.69 kcal/mol for BChE) and 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations supported the binding affinities and indicated the dynamic stability of the enzyme-inhibitor complexes, in agreement with the experimental inhibition data. In silico ADMET profiling indicated favourable drug-likeness and high predicted gastrointestinal absorption and blood-brain barrier permeability (TPSA 41.46-61.69 A2), and structural alert screening returned no PAINS matches. The findings suggest that these derivatives may serve as promising lead compounds for further investigation as potential cholinesterase inhibitors relevant to AD, pending experimental cytotoxicity evaluation.

    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
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  • MakaleYalnız künye2026
    Computational gamma-ray attenuation and fast-neutron removal cross-section assessment of CrN, AlCrN and AlTiCrN ceramic coatings using EGS4 Monte Carlo and Phy-X/PSD

    Sirin, Murat; Kaya, Selim; Aktarer, Semih Mahmut; Baltas, Hasan; Küçükömeroglu, Tevfik

    In this study, the computationally predicted gamma-ray attenuation behavior and fast-neutron removal cross-section characteristics of micrometre-scale CrN, AlCrN, and AlTiCrN ceramic coatings produced via cathodic arc evaporation were investigated. The shielding parameters were not measured by direct gammaor neutron-transmission experiments; instead, mass attenuation coefficients (MAC, mu/rho) in the 0.05-2.50 MeV range were obtained from EGS4 Monte Carlo simulations and Phy-X/PSD calculations, and the agreement between the two computational datasets was evaluated. Energy-dependent attenuation parameters, including half-value layer (HVL), mean free path (MFP), effective atomic number (Zeff), radiation protection efficiency (RPE), and kerma coefficients, were calculated. Statistical comparison showed good consistency between EGS4 and Phy-X/PSD for MAC, RPE, HVL, MFP, and kerma coefficients, whereas Zeff exhibited larger method-dependent deviations. All coatings showed higher attenuation at low photon energies due to the photoelectric effect, while Compton scattering dominated at intermediate energies. Among the investigated coatings, CrN exhibited the most favorable calculated gamma-ray attenuation indicators, with lower HVL and MFP values and higher RPE values. The macroscopic fast-neutron removal cross-section (Sigma R) was also calculated as a first-order neutron attenuation indicator, and CrN showed the highest Sigma R value. Considering their limited thickness of approximately 2.3-2.8 mu m, these coatings should not be regarded as replacements for conventional bulk radiation shields. Instead, nitride-based ceramic coatings may serve as secondary or multifunctional surface layers in space-restricted components requiring local radiation attenuation and mechanical durability.

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  • Derleme MakaleYalnız künye2026
    Emerging thermal and non-thermal technologies addressing Salmonella contamination in low-moisture spices and herbs

    Lian, Yi; Verma, Tushar; Chen, Long; Sun, Shengqian; Ozturk, Samet; Subbiah, Jeyamkondan; Liu, Shuxiang; Wei, Xinyao

    Spices and herbs are vital flavoring agents in food. However, they are particularly vulnerable to microbial contamination primarily due to their open production environments and low water activity, which enhances microbial resistance to conventional pasteurization. In addition, traditional decontamination methods often struggle to balance microbial safety and product quality. This review aims to deliver valuable insights into innovative technologies designed for improving microbial safety and overall quality of spices and herbs while fostering advancements in the industry. This review comprehensively summarizes the principles, applications, and influencing factors of emerging thermal technologies (e.g., radio frequency heating, superheated steam, and vacuum steam) and non-thermal technologies (e.g., ethylene oxide, chlorine dioxide, cold plasma, and ionizing irradiation). Furthermore, it critically discusses the current limitations of these technologies and proposes strategies for future advancements. Novel decontamination technologies show promise in improving microbial safety and preserving the quality of spice and herb products. In particular, radio frequency and chlorine dioxide technologies emerge as promising options for spice decontamination due to their better ability to balance microbial control efficiency and quality retention. Further research should focus on optimizing parameters through models, developing combination technologies, and promoting pilot test verification to facilitate industrial application.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
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  • MakaleYalnız künye2026
    Effects of Dietary Fibers Obtained from Cold-Press By-products on the in vitro Digestion of Spirulina

    Berktas, Serap

    This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary fibers obtained from cold-pressing by-products on the bioactivity of Spirulina (SP) during in vitro digestion. For this purpose, insoluble dietary fibers (CCDL and KCDL) were extracted from cold-pressing by-products of flaxseed and black cumin. SP was combined with CCDL and KCDL, and subjected to an in vitro digestion protocol (INFOGEST). The results showed that the total phenolic content of SP decreased after oral and gastric digestion with the addition of dietary fiber. After small intestinal digestion, the total phenolic content increased. Antioxidant activity values (DPPH and ABTS) decreased in the presence of dietary fiber, while chlorophyll values increased after small intestinal digestion. In particular, in the presence of CCDL, the chlorophyll content increased from 1.61 mg g(-1) to 4.48 mg 2 g(-1) after small intestinal digestion. Furthermore, the bioactivity values of SP after in vitro digestion varied depending on the type of dietary fiber. While KCDL was effective in increasing phenolic compound content, CCDL was more effective in increasing chlorophyll content. Considering the bioactivity values of SP after oral, gastric, and small intestinal digestion, it was determined that the values increased especially in the small intestine. This highlights the possibility that the bioaccessibility and therefore the bioavailability, of SP can be increased through the incorporation of dietary fiber. The addition of bioactive compounds to the development of functional foods rich in dietary fiber has advantages for the food industry in terms of designing and improving healthy foods. This study emphasizes that the in vitro digestion of Spirulina is regulated in the presence of CCDL and KCDL, and that the addition of dietary fibers may contribute to the potential health benefits of Spirulina.

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dc.date.accessioned2026-10-22T08:47:33.226360206Z
dc.date.available2026-10-22T08:47:33.226360206Z
dc.identifier.urihttps://rdlopen.rawdatalibrary.net/r/gumushane/10012
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.titleGümüşhane Üniversitesitr
dc.titleGümüşhane Universityen
dspace.entity.typeOrgUnit
organization.identifier.codegumushane
organization.unitTypeuniversity