Gümüşhane ÜniversitesiGümüşhane ÜniversitesiAçık Erişim Arşivi · RDL Open

Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

Yazarlar

Yayınlar

Yeniden eskiyeEskiden yeniye
  • MakaleYalnız künye2016
    Students understanding of mathematics using from prototypical examples: Analyze in linear algebra

    Aydin, Sinan; Akkan, Yaşar

    Mathematical objects are ʼnatural objects’ for the practical mind. Definitions and theories can only describe them, not create or construct them. A mathematical term is interpreted through its denotation as representing a collection of particular objects for the theoretical mind. So, theoretical and practical modes of thinking differ in the manner in which they constitute the meanings of words. Thinking in terms of prototypical examples, rather than definitions, became an obstacle to our students’ understanding the notion of linear transformation. In the course, linear transformations were defined as transformations of vector spaces which conserve linear combinations. The obstacle was revealed in the students’ attempts ‘linear extension problem’: given a transformation of a basis, to construct a linear transformation with those values on the basis. In the experimental course, the problem was not formulated in such general terms. It was restricted to two dimensions, and the students were not asked to ‘linearly extend a transformation from a basis to the whole plane’ but to assume the existence of such an extension and find some missing information about it. In this study we are discussing students understanding of mathematical concepts by means of linear transformation in linear algebra.

    İncele
  • MakaleAçık Erişim2016
    Effect of Turkish pollen and propolis extracts on caspase-3 activity in myeloid cancer cell lines

    Uçar, Meltem; Değer, Orhan; Gerigelmez, Asuman Yiğit; Cengiz, Sevil; Barlak, Yaşam; Ovalı, Ercüment

    Purpose: To investigate the apoptosis-inducing capacity of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) extracts of bee pollen and propolis in HL-60 Myeloid Cancer Cell Lines. Methods: DMSO extracts of pollen and propolis were incubated separately with HL-60 cells, and caspase-3 activity evaluated. In order to determine the cell cycle characteristics of HL-60 cells with and without extracts of pollen and propolis, the cells were analysed using flow cytometry. Results: The DMSO extract of propolis (0.5 mg/mL) increased apoptosis from undetectable levels to 60.1%, while maintaining cell viability. The DMSO extract of pollen (2 mg/ml) increased apoptosis from undetectable levels to 52.2% while decreasing cell viability by 62%. Caspase-3 activity in HL-60 cells incubated with DMSO extracts of pollen and propolis were 3.6-to 12-fold higher than in controls. Conclusion: Turkish pollen and propolis individually increase apoptosis and the activity of caspase-3 in HL-60 cells. This finding indicates that bee products may have beneficial effects in the treatment of cancer.

    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
    İncele
  • BildiriYalnız künye2016
    An assessment on the recent seismicity in the north anatolian fault zone, Turkey

    Özturk, S.; Sari, M.

    A statistical assessment of recent seismicity in the North Anatolian Fault Zone, Turkey, is made by using seismotectonic b-value and precursory seismic quiescence Z-value. The catalogue including 28,420 earthquakes between 1970 and 2016 is used. Using the Reasenberg declustering process and the earthquakes with MD≥2.7, 51.4% of the events are removed and so, 13,815 events are used for a quantitative evaluation of seismic quiescence in the NAFZ in the beginning of 2016. Completeness magnitude is estimated as 2.7. Resulting values show that significant anomalies are observed in both band Z-values in some parts of the NAFZ. The larger b-values are calculated in Silivri, Black Sea, Izmit and Düzce whereas the smaller b-values are estimated in the western, the eastern and the middle parts of the NAFZ, covering Gulf of Saros, Gelibolu (Çanakkale), Ismetpasa segment, Bingöl, Erzincan, Amasya and Çankiri. Several quiescence regions in and around Tekirdag, Gulf of Saros, Istanbul, Marmara and Black Sea, Izmit, Düzce fault, Mudurnu, Çankiri, Amasya are observed. Consequently, the same regions including Gulf of Saros, Çankiri and Amasya where the smallest b-values and the largest Z-values are obtained may give important evidences to reveal the future earthquake potential in the North Anatolian Fault Zone.

    İncele
  • MakaleYalnız künye2016
    Determination of Pomological and Morphological Characteristics and Chemical Compositions of Local Apple Varieties Grown in Gumushane, Turkey; [Bestimmung der pomologischen und morphologischen Eigenschaften sowie der chemischen Zusammensetzung lokaler Apfelsorten aus dem Gebiet Gumushane, Türkei]

    Kalkisim, Ozgun; Ozdes, Duygu; Okcu, Zuhal; Karabulut, Besim; Senturk, Hasan Basri

    The present study was conducted in order to determine the pomological and morphological characteristics and chemical compositions of some local apple varieties grown in Gumushane. As a result of field work in Gumushane province, sixteen different apples, which are Summer Apple, English apple, Green Belly, Black Belly and Yellow Belly Apples, Amasya Marble, Bey Apple, Chest Apple, Mahsusa, Arabian Girl, Willow Apple, Tavşanbaşı, Yellow Hıdır, Local Marble, Bride Apple, and Fatty Apple were collected in order to analyze. The average results of pomological and morphological properties and chemical compositions were obtained as following: fruit mass; 127.36 g, fruit width; 65.23 mm, fruit length; 57.30 mm, fruit stalk thickness; 2.17 mm, fruit stalk length; 17.63 mm, stalk pit depth; 12.75 mm, flower pit depth; 10.29 mm, fruit firmness; 13.79 kg/cm2, seed house width; 15.89 mm, seed house length; 17.39 mm, number of seeds; 4.3, water soluble dry matter content; 14.53 %, ash content; 1.11 %, pH; 3.8, titratable acidity; 0.69 g/L, water content; 83.8 %, reducing sugar; 5.04 g/100 g, sucrose; 2.25 g/100 g, and the amount of total sugars; 7.29 g/100. The fruit peel color was determined by considering the light transmittance (L). The average L values were ranged between 112.06 and 66.32. On the other hand among the mineral elements, potassium and manganese amounts were determined as the highest and the lowest, respectively.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
    İncele
  • MakaleYalnız künye2016
    Relationships Among some Pears Genotypes (Pyrus Communis L.) Based on ISSR and RAPD Analysis; [Bestimmung der genetischen Verwandtschaft bei Birnen mit Hilfe der ISSR und RAPD Methoden]

    Kalkışım, Ozgun; Okcu, Melih; Okcu, Zuhal; Karabulut, Besim; Yildirim, Nalan; Agar, Guleray

    Thirty one pears genotypes from east blacksea region were evaluated for genetic relationships by using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and ISSR (Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats) markers from total 70 RAPD and ISSR primer investigated, 22 could amplify clearly and consistently. Cluster analysis of the pears genotypes was performed based on data from polymorphic bands RAPD and ISSR by using Jaccard’s similarity coefficient and the Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) clustering method. The 31 pear genotypes were classified into two major groups. Cluster A was divided into 2 subclusters: Gumushane pears and Trabzon pears. Cluster B consisted of Artvin pears. The similarity matrix values ranged between 0.105 and 0.968.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
    İncele
  • MakaleAçık Erişim2016
    On the fractional Riccati differential equation

    Khaniyev, Tahir; Merdan, Mehmet

    In this paper, We tried to find an analytical solution of nonlinear Riccati conformable fractional differential equation. Fractional derivatives are described in the conformable derivative. The behavior of the solutions and the effects of different values of fractional order α are presented graphically and table. The results obtained by the CFD(conformable fractional derivative) are compared with homotopy perturbation method(HPM), fractional variational iteration method(FVIM).

    İncele
  • BildiriAçık Erişim2016
    The impossibility of producing I-131 from its daughter Xe-131 by photonuclear reactions

    Bayram, Tuncay; Akkoyun, Serkan; Çelik, Necati; Haciislamoǧlu, Emel; Uruk, Serhat; Şentürk, Şevki; Ristic, G

    131I is one of the radioisotopes in nuclear medicine procedures for diagnostic and treatment purposes. It decays to 131Xe by emitting beta particles. In this study, we have investigated the reproduction possibility of 131I from 131Xe by using different reactions, including a photonuclear reaction step. We have used TALYS computer program for calculating cross-sections of the reactions. It was seen that it was not an easy task to reproduce 131I from its decay product 131Xe because of low reaction cross-section values. According to the results, we have seen that the calculations are in harmony with the TENDL 2014 database.

    İncele
  • MakaleAçık Erişim2016
    Additional operation learning process to the mild intellectual disabilities students by means of virtual manipulatives: A multiple case study

    Öztürk, Mesut; Akkan, Yaşar; Büyüksevindik, Baki; Kaplan, Abdullah

    It is frequently emphasized that technology integration to the education of the students have intellectual disabilities has great importance. The researches performed show that using virtual manipulatives consist positive effects on learning mathematics on the students have intellectual disabilities. This study was done to investigate the addition operation learning process of the students have intellectual disabilities. Two students have mild intellectual disabilities and are 14 and 17 years old participated to this research conducted by means of multiple case study is one of the qualitative research designs. In this study was realized during five schedules data were collected through interviews, observations and documents. Content analysis were used for data analysis. At the end of the analysis, three categories of findings on "Learning of the addition operation", "Opinions on the use of computer and virtual manipulatives" and "Individual differences", were structured.

    • SDG 4 · Nitelikli Eğitim
    İncele
  • MakaleAçık Erişim2016
    9,10-Dibromo-N-aryl-9,10-dihydro-9,10-[3,4]epipyrroloanthracene-12,14-diones: Synthesis and Investigation of Their Effects on Carbonic Anhydrase Isozymes I, II, IX, and XII

    Göksu, Haydar; Topal, Meryem; Keskin, Ali; Gültekin, Mehmet S.; Çelik, Murat; Gülçin, Ilhami; Tanc, Muhammet; Supuran, Claudiu T.

    N-substituted maleimides were synthesized from maleic anhydride and primary amines. 1,4-Dibromo-dibenzo[e,h]bicyclo-[2,2,2]octane-2,3-dicarboximide derivatives (4a-f) were prepared by the [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of dibromoanthracenes with the N-substituted maleimide derivatives. The carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitory effects of the new derivatives were assayed against the human (h) isozymes hCA I, II, IX, and XII. All tested bicyclo dicarboximide derivatives exhibited excellent inhibitory effects in the nanomolar range, with Ki values in the range of 117.73-232.87 nM against hCA I and of 69.74-111.51 nM against hCA II, whereas they were low micromolar inhibitors against hCA IX and XII. A series of 9,10-dibromo-N-aryl-9,10-dihydro-9,10-[3,4]epipyrroloanthracene-12,14-diones (4a-f) were synthesized from N-substituted maleimide derivatives and 9,10-dibromoanthracene. Compounds 4a-f were assayed against human carbonic anhydrases (hCA) IX and XII, which are the two tumor-associated isozymes, and hCA I and II, which represent the most common off-targets for the development of selective anticancer CA inhibitors.

    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
    İncele
  • MakaleAçık Erişim2016
    Assessing the effects of long-term recreational activities on landscape changes in Abant Natural Park, Turkey

    Çakir, Günay; Müderrisoğlu, Haldun; Kaya, Latif Gürkan

    Natural, protected areas offer many possibilities for recreation in rural areas such as camping, one of the most popular activities. The system established for protected areas in Turkey aims to provide a foundation for conserving areas for recreation. One such area, Abant Natural Park, is convenient for visits from Turkey’s two most populated metropolitan areas, Istanbul and Ankara. It also attracts tourists from other regions and countries. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the vegetation loss and land cover changes due to picnic/camping, transhumance, and construction over 40 years (1966–2004) in the park using data on visitor numbers, vegetation patches, corridors and connectivity. For evaluating landscape variables, remote sensing data and aerial photos were used. When aerial photos were imported into the ERDAS Imagine program, ground control points identified, and individual images orthorectified, land degradation was not found in the use of camping areas. Moreover, manmade areas (road, car park and hotel) observably increased, thus decreasing the forest lands. The findings show that the land use types that have had the greatest ecological impact are transhumance and construction of hotels, which also require infrastructure development. The intensity of the ecological effects mandates precautions to lessen the impacts and the need for continuing assessment to ensure sustainable use of the area.

    • SDG 11 · Sürdürülebilir Şehirler ve Topluluklar
    • SDG 15 · Karasal Yaşam
    İncele
  • MakaleYalnız künye2016
    Effect of plasma nitriding treatment on structural, tribological and electrochemical properties of commercially pure titanium

    Çelik, Ilhan; Karakan, Mehmet

    In this study, plasma nitriding treatment was applied to commercially pure titanium (Grade 2). Structural properties, electrochemical and tribological behaviours of the nitrided pure titanium specimens were comparatively investigated. Microstructure and morphology of the plasma nitrided specimens were analysed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, corrosion tests were conducted in Ringer's solution, which represents a human body environment, to determine electrochemical properties. Then, tribological and frictional properties were investigated using pin-on-disc tribometer, and a micro-hardness tester was used to measure the hardness of the coatings. The results showed that plasma nitrided specimens exhibited higher surface hardness than the untreated specimens did. In addition, the plasma nitrided specimens at 700 °C presented significantly better performance than the other plasma nitrided specimens (at 500 °C and 600 °C) under dry wear conditions. Moreover, corrosion test results showed that corrosion behaviours of untreated and nitrided samples had similar characteristic.

    İncele
  • MakaleYalnız künye2016
    Geochemical, fluid inclusion and isotopic (O, H and S) constraints on the origin of Pb-Zn±Au vein-type mineralizations in the Eastern Pontides Orogenic Belt (NE Turkey)

    Akaryali, Enver

    The mineralization area (Altinpinar, Torul-Gümüşhane) is situated in the Southern Zone of the Eastern Pontides Orogenic Belt (EPOB), which is one of the important metallogenic provinces in the Alpine-Himalayan belt and is intruded by the late Carboniferous granitic rocks (Gümüşhane Granitoid), an early to middle Jurassic volcano-sedimentary unit consisting mainly of basaltic-andesitic volcanic and pyroclastic rocks (Şenköy Formation) and Eocene basaltic-andesitic volcanic rocks (Alibaba Formation). The studied Pb-Zn ± Au mineralizations are related to silica veins ranging from a few millimeters to a maximum of 40. cm in thickness and are localized within fracture zones developed along the contact between the Gümüşhane Granitoid and Şenköy Formation. Silicic, sulfidic, hematitic, argillic, intense chloritic and carbonate alteration are the most common types from the fault lines toward the outer zones. Cavity filling and banded structures are widely observed. The mineral paragenesis comprises galena, sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, tennantite and quartz. Mineral chemistry studies indicate that ion exchange occurs between Zn and Fe in sphalerites, and the Zn/Cd ratio of sphalerites varies between 50.65 and 144.64. The homogenization temperatures measured from fluid inclusions vary between 170. °C and 380. °C, especially between 250. °C and 300. °C, and the wt.% NaCl eqv. salinity of ore-forming fluids is between 2.4 and 7.3 (4.7 on average), supporting an epithermal system in their origin. The values of sulfur isotopes, which are obtained from pyrite and galena minerals, range between - 8.3‰ and - 2.3‰, indicating that sulfur, which enables mineral formation, originates from magmatic genesis. The average formation temperature of the ore is 317. °C as determined with a sulfur isotope geothermometer. The values of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes vary between 8.5‰ and 10.2‰ and - 91‰ and -73‰, respectively. With regard to the compositions of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes, fluids comprising the mineralization are formed by the mixture of magmatic water and meteoric water. This situation is supported by the fact that the increase in the homogenization temperature indicates dilution with surface water but depends on the increase in the salinity of fluid inclusions. Considering all the data, it is clear that the studied mineralization is an epithermal vein-type mineralization that is related to granitic magmas.

    İncele
  • MakaleAçık Erişim2016
    Effect of piracetam and nimodipine on full-thickness skin burns in rabbits

    Sari, Elif; Dincel, Gungor C.

    The potential of several drugs for full-thickness skin burns has been investigated, but the treatment of such burns remains a challenge in plastic surgery. The present study was designed to determine the effect of systemic and topical administration of piracetam and nimodipine on full-thickness skin burn wound healing. A total of 36 New Zealand male rabbits were divided into six groups. Full-thickness skin burns were produced in all the groups, except the control group. Piracetam was administered systemically (piracetam-IV) and topically (piracetam-C) for 14 days, and nimodipine was administered systemically (nimodipine-IV) and topically (nimodipine-C) over the burn wounds for 14 days. The sham group underwent burn injury but was not administered any drug. After 21 days, gross examination and histopathological analysis were performed and the results were compared statistically. Nimodipine-C and nimodipine-IV had no effect on burn wound healing. However, both piracetam-IV and piracetam-C significantly enhanced the healing of the full-thickness skin burn wounds, although the latter was more effective, useful and practical in burn wound healing. The histopathological features of the wounds in the piracetam-C group were closer to those of the control group than those of the other groups. Piracetam-C rather than piracetam-IV may promote full-thickness burn wound healing in rabbits.

    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
    İncele
  • MakaleYalnız künye2016
    Application of response surface methodology for optimizing the recovery of phenolic compounds from hazelnut skin using different extraction methods

    Odabaş, Halil İbrahim; Koca, Ilkay

    Hazelnut skin which is a rich source of phenolic compounds is a by-product of hazelnut roasting process. In present study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SCE) methods were applied for recovery of phenolic compounds from hazelnut skin. Response surface methodology was used to estimate optimum extraction conditions. Extraction studies were performed according to Box-Behnken Design. Temperature (UAE)/power (MAE), time and ethanol concentration were independent variables for UAE and MAE. The independent variables selected for SCE were temperature, time and pressure. The optimum extraction conditions were 45 min and 67.2–67.6% ethanol concentration, 600 W, 6 min and 55.03–56.23% ethanol concentration and 42.72–49.10 °C, 59.83–60.00 min and 10.01–11.48 bar, for UAE, MAE and SCE respectively. Total phenolic content, FRAP and 1/EC50 values at the optimum conditions were 122.99–123.01 mg GAE/g, 612.20–613.25 mmol Fe(II)/g and 4.36 mL/mg for UAE, 111.53–111.55 mg GAE/g, 582.44–582.52 mmol Fe(II)/g and 2.48 mL/mg for MAE and 69.59–72.64 mg GAE/g, 426.25–465.52 mmol Fe(II)/g and 2.18–2.27 mL/mg for SCE, respectively. Maceration was performed for comparison with novel methods. UAE was found to be the best method of the extraction of phenolic compounds from hazelnut skin with the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity values.

    • SDG 12 · Sorumlu Üretim ve Tüketim
    İncele
  • MakaleAçık Erişim2016
    Separation and preconcentration of Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions via carrier element-free coprecipitation using an acetohydrazide derivative

    Tümay, Süreyya Oǧuz; Yazar, Murat; Ozdeş, Duygü; Bektaş, Hakan; Duran, Celal

    A new method based on the combination of carrier element-free coprecipitation and flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination has been investigated for simultaneous separation and preconcentration of Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions in some environmental solid and liquid samples. The 2-f3-(4-methylbenzyl)-4-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylg -N'-(phenylmethylene) acetohydrazide (MITA) was utilized as an organic coprecipitating agent without using a carrier element for coprecipitation of the analyte ions. The effects of experimental conditions including aqueous solution pH, MITA quantity, sample volume, standing time, and centrifugation rate and time were investigated in detail and optimized. The influences of some foreign ions were also evaluated on the quantitative recoveries of the analyte ions. The preconcentration factors were 125 for both analyte ions. The detection limits were 1.32 μgL-1 and 0.47 μg L-1 for Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions, respectively, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were lower than 4% for both analyte ions. After the accuracy of the method was checked, it was applied to sea and stream water as liquid samples and waste tea and tobacco as solid samples to determine the levels of Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions.

    İncele
  • MakaleYalnız künye2016
    Non-destructive testing of an ancient Masonry Bastion

    Altunişik, Ahmet Can; Adanur, Süleyman; Genç, Ali Fuat; Günaydin, Murat; Okur, Fatih Yesevi

    Historical masonry structures have seismic vulnerability and most damages and demolishes arise from the seismic actions like earthquakes. In this paper, the structural behavior of Zağanos Bastion is examined with experimental and numerical methods. The operational modal analysis technique is used to illustrate the dynamic characteristics of the bastion experimentally. Finite element model is developed by ANSYS software and dynamic characteristics of the bastion, such as natural frequencies and mode shapes are calculated numerically. Furthermore, time history seismic analysis is carried out. The results show that the ambient vibration measurements are enough to identify the structural response of the bastion. Maximum differences between the natural frequencies are attained as 26%. To minimize these differences, finite element model of the bastion should be updated by using some uncertain parameters. The principal stresses are satisfied in general, but the maximum tensile and compression stresses values exceed the allowable code limits at some points of the masonry components.

    İncele
  • MakaleYalnız künye2016
    Determination of the effect of lead mine waste aggregate on some concrete properties and radiation shielding

    Çullu, Mustafa; Ertaş, Haydar

    The aim of this study is to determine the radiation absorption capacity of concretes produced from lead mine waste which cannot be processed economically as the lead content is low in the mines they are extracted. Lead mine waste (tallow) were exchanged at ratios of 25%, 50% and 75% respectively with barite and limestone aggregates and samples were prepared at C16, C25 and C35 classes. The compressive strength and the unit weight of the prepared samples were determined. The linear absorption coefficients of prepared concrete samples at 662 keV of energy were determined. In addition the relationship between the radiation absorption capacity and the compressive strength–unit weight was investigated. The experiments demonstrated that best absorption was in concrete samples with 100% barite content (100B). On the other hand in the concrete samples prepared from the mixture of limestone and lead mine waste aggregates, it was observed that radiation absorption capacity decreased due to decreasing amount of barite. In concrete samples prepared from the mixture of lead mine waste and limestone aggregates, it was observed that radiation absorption capacity increased due to increasing amount of mine waste aggregates in the concrete. As a result it was observed that lead mine waste aggregates do not absorb as much radiation as barite aggregates depending on the ratio increase of lead mine waste in the aggregate added to the concrete mixture. However the absorbed radiation amount was observed to be higher compared to limestone aggregates.

    • SDG 12 · Sorumlu Üretim ve Tüketim
    İncele
  • MakaleYalnız künye2016
    Multiplicative Laplace transform and its applications

    Yalcin, Numan; Celik, Ercan; Gokdogan, Ahmet

    In this work, taking definitions and properties of Laplace transform in classical analysis as a basis, we give some basic definitions and properties of the multiplicative Laplace transform. In addition, solutions of some multiplicative differential equations are obtained by the help of this transform.

    İncele
  • MakaleYalnız künye2016
    Effect of chemical Ni – B coating on the structure and tribological properties of plasma nitrided pure titanium

    Çelik, Ýlhan; Karakan, Mehmet

    The structure and the wear resistance of commercial-purity titanium subjected to plasma nitriding followed by chemical deposition of a Ni – B coating are studied.

    İncele
  • BildiriYalnız künye2016
    A third order of accuracy difference scheme for Dirichlet type overdermined problem with mixed boundary value conditions

    Ashyralyyev, Charyyar; Dedeturk, Mutlu; Lukashov, A.; Ashyralyev, A.

    Approximation of Dirichlet type overdetermined multidimensional elliptic problem with Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions are discussed. A third order of accuracy difference scheme for its approximate solution is proposed. The stability, almost coercive stability and coercive stability inequalities for the solution of constructed difference scheme are established. Test example for a two-dimensional elliptic problem is presented.

    İncele