Yazarlar
- Vural, Alaaddin(10)
- Kurnaz, Muammer(5)
- Çakir, Günay(5)
- Çakir, Gunay(4)
- Comert, Resul(3)
- Kadiogullari, Ali Ihsan(3)
- Komut, Osman(3)
- Sivrikaya, Fatih(3)
- Çakır, Günay(3)
- Üzülmez, Mehmet(3)
- Şahin, Mehmet Kürşat(3)
- Artan, Seyfettin(2)
- Avdan, Ugur(2)
- Baskent, Emin Zeki(2)
- Batan, Nevzat(2)
- Bingöl, Ozkan(2)
- Cakir, Mehmet Ali(2)
- Ertuğrul, Murat Han(2)
- Güvendı, Engın(2)
- Hatipoglu, Ilter Kutlu(2)
- Hayaloğlu, Pınar(2)
- Işık, Fatih(2)
- Kahyaoğlu, Nuray(2)
- Keles, Sedat(2)
- Müderrisoğlu, Haldun(2)
- Recepoğlu, Mürşit(2)
- Reis, Hatice Catal(2)
- Uzun, Ali(2)
- Özdemir, Mehmet(2)
- Acar, Hayrettin(1)
- Adali, Zafer(1)
- Ahmad Khan, Khatib(1)
- Akay, Abdullah Emin(1)
- Akbulut, Zeynep(1)
- Aksoy, Necmi(1)
- Aksu, Gül Aslı(1)
- Alatas, Mevlut(1)
- Alataş, Mevlüt(1)
- Algan, Irmak Yay(1)
- Aliyazicioglu, Kubra(1)
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Analysis of Basin Characteristics for Stream Management Using GIS: A Case Study of Gümühane Micro-Watershed
Çakir, Gunay
Aim of study: Topography and climatic conditions have effected in determining the processes of the streams of the micro-watershed. Nowadays, the management plans were made for water and soil protection measures in the basins. Area of study: This study was carried outto characterize and prioritize the streams of the Gumushane upper Harsit micro-watershed using a GIS-based spatial approach. Material and methods: Fundamental watershed characteristics including drainage density, slope, land use types, and stream class were evaluated and interpreted for the Gumushane micro-watershed. Calculatea comprehensive value for each parameter, drainage density (Dd), flow frequency (Fs), slope (S), length of land flow (Lg), and land use (Lu) was used. Main results: The drainage density, stream flow frequency, and form factor of the microwatershed are from-4 to 26. Finally, the weighted rankings were summarized, and all micro-watersheds were categorized to five classes based on the risk index as very low risk, low risk, medium risk, high risk, and very high risk. This risk map overlaid to land use type maps in GIS where risk areas were evaluated in the finalrisk results. The 739 ha productive forest area within very high-risk areas was changed to non-risk parameters. Highlights: The carrying capacity of streams was calculated using the stream density of streams in the Gumushane micro-watershed. The risk values produced by streams that pass through neighborhoods where land use values for preventing erosion are present.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Assessing Spatio-Temporal Change and Dynamics of Forest Ecosystem Succession Using Patch Analysis
Sivrikaya, Fatih; Çakir, Gunay
Aim of study: This study focuses on creating a secondary forest succession (SFS) map between 1972 and 2014 according to the Clementsian theory based on land cover, assessing the spatio-temporal pattern of forest succession change, and determining the factors affecting the forest ecosystem.Area of study: This study was conducted at the cermik Forest Enterprise (FE) in Diyarbakir city, located in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkiye.Material and methods: Clementsian theory, Remote Sensing (RS), and Geographical Information System (GIS) were used to generate the SFS map. Patch Analyst 4.0 was used to determine changes in spatiotemporal patterns with landscape indices.Main results: The total forested area increased from 32405.1 ha (13% of the study area) in 1972 to 45054.7 ha (18% of the study area) in 2014, with a net increase of 12649.6 ha. It was determined that the progressive succession area was 87736.7 ha, the regressive succession area was 39216.5 ha, and the unchanged succession area was approximately 129989.6 ha. The number of patches increased over a 42 -year period.Research highlights: The forest ecosystem was more fragmented, with patches becoming more irregular, complex, and edgy.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Geographic distribution of two Montivipera taxa using ecological niche modeling
Kurnaz, Muammer
Ecological niche modeling predicts the potential distribution areas of species and contributes to measuring the niche differentiation among taxa. Montivipera albizona and M. bulgardaghica are two mountain viper taxa distributed in Anatolia. In the present study, the habitat suitability of M. albizona and M. bulgardaghica was assessed, and ecological niche ranges between these taxa were compared. According to species distribution models, while the distribution area of M. albizona covers a relatively large region in central Anatolia, M. bulgardaghica has a relatively narrow distribution over the eastern Taurus mountains. The species distributional results showed that the annual temperature range and mean temperature of the coldest quarter were the highest contributing variables, with 62.5% for M. albizona and 67.9% for M. bulgardaghica. Montiverpa albizona prefers 13 different habitat types, while M. bulgardaghica prefers 6 different habitat types in their distribution areas. Niche differentiation analysis revealed that there was no overlap between the two taxa in terms of their ecological niches.
- MakaleYalnız künye2023Investigating the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis with recovered paper consumption, human development index, urbanization, and forest footprint
Aydin, M.; Koc, P.; Tumay, M.
The aim of this study, which covers the period from 1991 to 2017, is to analyze the relationships between recovered paper consumption, human development index, urbanization rate, and forest footprint in the framework of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in the 10 countries that consume the most recovered paper. Considering that wood is the raw material of paper, the study investigates whether the increase in the consumption of recovered paper has a positive effect on the forest footprint. Therefore, unlike other studies, the dependent variable of the EKC model is the forest footprint. The study is original in that it is the first to analyze the effects of recovered paper consumption on environmental degradation in the context of the EKC hypothesis. To analyze the relationships between the variables, we use panel cointegration tests based on AMG and CCE estimators, which allow analysis on both a country and group basis. According to the results, the EKC hypothesis is valid only in the Netherlands. While there is a statistically significant and negative relationship between recovered paper consumption and forest footprint in the Netherlands, there is a statistically significant and negative relationship between urbanization and forest footprint in Italy. Economic and ecological benefits and costs must be considered to measure the net benefit of waste management programs. In addition, to analyze how environmental impacts change over time, ecological footprint and gas emissions during waste generation or disposal should be measured similarly to carbon emissions.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Modelling some stand parameters using Landsat 8 OLI and Sentinel-2 satellite images by machine learning techniques: a case study in Türkiye
Bulut, Sinan; Günlü, Alkan; Çakır, Günay
Remote sensing technologies have been extensively used in forest management in predicting stand parameters. The goal of this study is to use Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 satellite images to estimate stand volume, basal area, number of trees, mean diameter, and top height. 180 temporary sample plots were taken in pure Crimean pine stands with varied structure. Reflectance, vegetation indices, and eight texture values were generated from Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 satellite images. The stand parameters were modelled with the remotely sensed data using multiple linear regression, support vector machine, and deep learning techniques. The results showed that the support vector machine technique provided the highest level of model performance with 45° orientation for number of trees (R2 = 0.98, RMSE%=5.97) and 90° orientation for basal area (R2=0.91, RMSE%=15.22). The results indicated that the texture values presented better results than the reflectance and the vegetation indices in estimating the stand parameters.
- MakaleYalnız künye2023Detection of forest fire using deep convolutional neural networks with transfer learning approach[Formula presented]
Reis, Hatice Catal; Turk, Veysel
Forest fires caused by natural causes such as climate change, temperature increase, lightning strikes, volcanic activity or human effects are among the world's most dangerous, deadly, and destructive disasters. Detection, prevention, and extinguishing forest fires is challenging. In addition, forest fires can cause habitat destruction that cannot be controlled in time and cause great material and moral losses. Therefore, fast and accurate Detection of forest fires is vital in emergency response. Here, in solving the problem, the transfer learning method from deep learning sub-topics can be used, which allows the application of pre-trained networks to a new problem. The Fire Luminosity Airborne-based Machine learning Evaluation dataset (consisting of forest fire images) obtained by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle was used in this study. In the Detection of forest fire images in the dataset, InceptionV3, DenseNet121, ResNet50V2, NASNetMobile, VGG-19 deep learning algorithms, transfer learning techniques that can produce more successful results than networks trained from scratch, and hybrid proposed with Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory, Gated Recurrent Unit algorithms methods have been applied. In the classification study with the Fire Luminosity Airborne-based Machine learning Evaluation dataset in performance measurement, 97.95% accuracy was obtained from the DenseNet121 model, which was started with random weights. In the transfer learning study using ImageNet weights, satisfactory results were obtained with 99.32% accuracy in the DenseNet121 model. We anticipate that working in forest fire detection and response can be entirely satisfactory.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023The epiphytic bryophyte succession of Buxus sempervirens forests in the Fırtına Valley, Rize (North Türkiye)
Ezer, Tülay; Alataş, Mevlüt; Batan, Nevzat; Erata, Hüseyin
In this study, the epiphytic bryophyte succession of the Buxus sempervirens L. forests in Fırtına Valley (Çamlıhemşin-Rize, North Türkiye), one of the nine biodiversity hotspots in Türkiye, was investigated. For this pur-pose, a total of 60 sampling plots were taken from the live trunks of B. sempervirens trees of different ages. Twenty-nine epiphytic bryophyte species were determined (24 mosses and 5 liverworts) within the sample plots. Also, six different life form types and four different habitat affinity categories were determined. Among them, the mat type life form is in first place with 34.4% and the cortico-saxicolous species are the most common with 51.7%. Two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) classified the epiphytic bryophyte communities on B. sempervirens trunks at the second level into two main clusters (A and B) and three sub-clusters (A1, B1 and, B2). Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) axis 1 was interpreted as gradient along the height of the epiphytic habitat (from the lower base to the upper zone) on trunks and the DCA axis 2 was interpreted as gradient of moisture (from mesic to xeric). Exsertotheca crispa (Hedw.) S. Olsson, Enroth & D. Quandt was the species with the highest index of ecological significance (IES) value on the lower bases of the aged trees. Species diversity and epiphytic cover in the upper zones were lower than in the basal and middle zones in the study area. While Metzgeria furcata, (L.) Corda, Oxyrrhynchium hians (Hedw.) Loeske, Plagiothecium nemorale (Mitt.) A.Jaeger, and Radula lindenbergiana Gottsche ex C.Hartm were only found on old trees, Ctenidium molluscum (Hedw.) Mitt. and Pseudoleskeella nervosa (Brid.) Nyholm were only found on middle-aged trees.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Testing the Short, Medium, and Long-Term Effects of Shocks on Ecological Balance
Yilanci, Veli; Adali, Zafer; Çelik, Orkun; Bari, Bilgin
Ecological balance is an indicator of environmental degradation, which is computed as the difference between biocapacity and ecological footprint. In this study, we examine whether the effect of shocks on the ecological balance is permanent or temporary in the EU-15 countries, considering the period from 1961 to 2018. The application of unit root tests, with and without a Fourier function, indicates that the effects of shocks are temporary in only four countries. To reveal the persistence of shocks at different frequencies, that is, the short-, medium-, and long-run, we decomposed the ecological balance series by using the Discrete Wavelet Transform method. The unit root test results show that the effects of shocks are temporary in all countries in the short-run. However, the results also show that the shocks are temporary in nine countries in the medium-run and ten countries in the long-run. Thus, the implemented policies to balance ecology are not effective in the short-run but are effective in only six countries in the medium-term and in only five countries in the long-term. These findings demonstrate the importance of considering different frequencies when testing the effectiveness of empirically implemented policies. Regarding policy implications, this study suggests focusing on medium- and long-term environmental policies rather than short-term ones.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023The Epiphytic Bryophyte Vegetation of Buxus sempervirens L. forests in the Firtina Valley (Rize, Turkey)
Alatas, Mevlut; Ezer, Tulay; Erata, Huseyin; Batan, Nevzat; Ursavas, Serhat
The Firtina Valley forests are of the 100 forests in the world whose conservation is a priority due to the natural old forests they have. In this study, the epiphytic bryophyte vegetation of the Buxus sempervirens L. forests located in the Firtina Valley (Rize, Northern Turkey), which is one of the nine hotspots in Turkey and Turkey's only boxwood forest, was investigated. The releves taken from living tree trunks in 2020 were analyzed according to the Braun-Blanquet methodology, and ordinated and classified using the Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DECORANA) and the Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN). As a result of the analyses, Exsertotheco crispae-Allenielletum besseri ass. nov. subass. typicum and leucodontetosum sciuroidis subass. nov., and Alleniello besseri-Palamocladietum euchloronis ass. nov. were described and characterized. All syntaxa were presented by analyzing them in terms of their ecological and floristic classifications.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Çevresel sürdürülebilirlik çerçevesinde ekolojik ayak izi ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: türkiye üzerine ampirik bir analiz
Yıldız, Barış; Yildiz, Gizem
Ekonomik büyüme hedefi, ülkelerin en önem verdiği konuların başında gelmektedir.Bu amaç, çeşitli olumlu veya olumsuz çevresel etkiler yaratabilmektedir. Dolayısı ile ülkeler için çevresel sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanabildiği ekonomik büyüme modelleri önemlidir. Kırılgan bir coğrafyada bulunan Türkiye de yüksek bir ekonomik büyüme düzeyini her dönem kendine hedef koyan ve bu hedef doğrultusunda çaba gösteren bir ülkedir. Bu çabalar, Türkiye’nin daha yüksek bir ekonomik büyüme performansını çeşitli çevresel tahribatlara neden olarak mı yoksa çevresel kaliteye duyarlı olarak mı gerçekleştirdiği tartışmaları ile birlikte yürütülmektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmamızın amacı Türkiye’de çevresel sürdürülebilirlik ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. Ampirik analiz, 1970-2018 dönemine ilişkin zaman serisi verilerini kapsamaktadır. Modellerde çevresel sürdürülebilirliğin bir göstergesi olarak ekolojik ayak izi verisi kullanılmıştır. Kontrol değişkenler olarak ise kentleşme ile doğrudan yabancı yatırım verileri kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre seriler arasında uzun dönemde eşbütünleşik ilişki olduğu kabul edilmiştir. Uzun dönem katsayı tahminlerine göre ekonomik büyüme ve kentleşme ekolojik ayakizini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif etkilemektedir. Doğrudan yabancı yatırımlara ilişkin ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir bulgu elde edilememiştir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022A Structural Model Proposal for Determining the Factors Affecting the Ecological Footprint
Çam, Handan; Çelik, Gamze
As the negative impact of people on the world as a result of production and consumption activities increases day by day, environmental problems have become inevitable. Reasons such as rapidly increasing population, developing technology and increasing urbanization rate cause ecological problems such as the unconscious consumption of natural resources, the proliferation of industrial and domestic wastes in nature, the extinction of agricultural lands, forests and living species together with the change in people's living standards. Ecological footprint is a methodology developed to determine these negative effects with numerical data, and the trend towards reducing the ecological footprint is gaining importance. In this study, it is aimed to determine the factors affecting the ecological footprint statistically with the structural equation model. The sample of the study consists of 425 people aged 18 and over in Gümüşhane. According to the results of the analysis, it was concluded that while the factors of food, energy and water consumption affect the ecological footprint factor negatively, the waste factor and the accommodation-transportation factor do not have an effect on the ecological footprint factor. This study, which includes the activities that should be implemented to reduce the ecological footprint by examining the factors, can be a source for future studies.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022The Economic Impacts of Covid-19 on the Forestry Sector: A Case Study in Turkey
Komut, Osman
The Covid 19 pandemic has led to considerable destruction of social and economic areas at a global level. This study aims to determine the economic impact of the Covid 19 pandemic on the Turkish forestry sector. In this context, 5 years (from 2017 to 2021) of wood-based product sales of an administrative unit, which carries out regional forestry activities in Turkey, were studied. The data concerning the product groups were subjected to a Laspeyres price index analysis based on the base period weight through the price and estimated price increase rate variables. In addition, correlation analysis was utilized to determine the relationships between the determined variables. The findings showed that the Covid 19 pandemic led to decreases in the Laspeyres price index values for the price and estimated price increase rates when compared with the pre-pandemic period, which was different on a product group’s basis. As a result, it can be said that the Covid 19 pandemic process created a considerable potential for a loss of income in wood-based products, which is one of the primary outputs of the forestry sector, and as of 2021, a recovery process has started.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022The effect of tourism and legalization policies on summer pasture in Turkey
Döner, Fatih
In Turkey, according to Pasture Law, land allocated for farmers to spend the summer with their animals, graze their animals and benefit from grass is defined as “summer pasture (yaylak in Turkish).” Summer pasture is of national importance for its biodiversity, landscape, cultural heritage and transhumance. However, especially after 1990s, the summer pasture areas have been extensively used in tourism activities in Turkey. By changing land use, the increasing tourism activities combined with legal uncertainties and the legalization policies have caused summer pasture areas transferred into built-up areas. The effect of the tourism and legalization policies on the land use changes in summer pasture areas was evaluated in this study. It was determined that Turkey's tourism and legalization policies have adverse effect on sustainable use of summer pasture areas. These policies aimed at economic development and solving property problems of rural areas caused new legal problems and expansion of built-up areas. A better land use policy and an effective control mechanism are necessary for the sustainable use of summer pasture areas.
- MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2022Analyzing and Predicting Spatiotemporal Urban Sprawl in Eskişehir Using Remote Sensing Data
Küçük Matcı, Dilek; Çömert, Resul; Avdan, Uğur
Urban areas of major cities in developing countries are expanding rapidly due to rapid population growth and industrialization. Determining the reasons for rapid urbanization and the amount of urban area that will be needed in the future is important for the planned growth of these cities. In this study, the LU/LC change of Eskisehir city center that has a rapid rate of urbanization and industrialization in Turkey between 1984 and 2020 was determined. Then, the area needed for urban and industrial areas in 2030 was investigated using the Cullullar Automata–Markov Chain (CA–MC) hybrid model simulation. Each year's LU/LC map was produced with over 80% kappa accuracies performing the pixel-based Random Forest (RF) algorithm for change analysis. In the change analysis made between 1984 and 2020, it was determined that there was a change of 117% in the urban area and 977% in the industrial area. The prediction was made for the validation of the CA–MC model from the period 2000–2010 to 2020. When compared with the 2020 LU/LC map, the model success was obtained as 0.84, 0.87, and 0.87 in the Kstandard, Klocation, and Kno Kappa metrics, respectively. By using the 2010–2020 periods in the estimation of 2030, it has been observed that the urban and industrial area will increase by 22.95%; therefore, there will be decreases in agriculture and other natural areas as in previous years.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Phytoremediation ability of Helichrysum arenarium plant for Au and Ag: case study at Demirören village (Gümüşhane, Turkey)
Vural, Alaaddin; Safari, Semaneh
It was investigated ability of Helichrysum arenarium plant, in phytoextraction, phytostabilization, and phytoremediation in this study. Soil and plant samples were collected from the Demirören alteration site which has the potential of gold mineralization and analyzed for gold and silver. When the results of the analysis were evaluated, it was determined that the gold and silver contents in the soil did not show compatibility with the gold and silver contents of the plants grown at the same point. It was concluded that the high gold and silver concentrations in the plants are related to the hydrothermal alteration and weathering at the point where the plants grow. For investigation of phytoremediation ability of the plant, translocation factor (TF), bio-concentration factor (BCF), and bioaccumulation factor (BAF) were calculated. The values of TF, BAF, and BCF for Ag are equal 0.33, 0.043, and 0.13 and for Au are equal 2.04, 0.59, and 0.29, respectively. So, obtained data show that Helichrysum arenarium is not appropriate for phytoextraction and phytostabilization of gold and silver in this case, but H. arenarium can be used in phyto-mining and for biogeochemical exploration of gold. Considering that the gold and silver concentrations in the developed soil in the study area are low concentrations, it is predicted that a similar study will yield satisfactory-interesting results when it is made in plants grown on the gold mineralization/enrichment areas.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2021Ahmetli İlçesinde Arazi Örtüsünün/Kullanımının Zamansal Değişimi (1995-2015)
Üzülmez, Mehmet
Günümüz dünyasında insanoğlunun ihtiyaçları devamlı artmaktadır. Bu durum ise yeryüzünde kullanılan arazi yapısının sürekli değişimine sebep olmaktadır. Aynı şekilde Türkiye’de de araziler, amacı dışında kullanıldıklarından dolayı değişimlere uğramıştır ve hala da bu değişim süreci devam etmektedir. Türkiye’nin verimli arazileri üzerinde yer alan Ahmetli ilçesindeki arazi örtüsü/kullanımı, geçmişten günümüze değişime uğramıştır. Ahmetli ilçesi, Ege Bölgesi’nin Asıl Ege Bölümü’nde yer almaktadır. İlçe arazisinin büyük bölümünü, üzerinde tarımsal üretimin yapıldığı verimli arazi olan Gediz Ovası oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Ahmetli ilçesinin 1995-2015 yılları arasında arazi örtüsünün/kullanımının geçirdiği değişimler uydu görüntüleri yardımıyla zamansal açıdan incelenmiştir. Uydu görüntüleri, NASA’ya ait olan Landsat TM ve OLI isimli uydularından temin edilmiştir. Görüntüler elde edildikten sonra sınıflama işlemlerine tabi tutulmuş ve söz konusu işlem için Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri programlarından biri olan ArcGIS kullanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda, 1995-2015 yıllarında en büyük değişim, %31’lik azalışla diğer arazi (kayalık, mera, çıplak arazi vb.) grubunda gerçekleşmiştir. Söz konusu yıllarda tarım arazileri %22, beşeri yapılar %7 ve orman arazisi %2 oranında artış göstermiştir. Beşeri yapıların çoğunluğunun tarım arazilerinin üzerinde yer alması, yine bu yapıların söz konusu arazilere doğru büyüdüğünü ortaya koymuştur. Tarım ve orman arazilerindeki büyümenin nedeni sulamanın, teknolojinin, ağaçlandırma faaliyetlerinin artmasının yanında, diğer arazi grubunun da bahsedilen gelişmelerle birlikte tarım ve orman arazisine dönüşmesinden kaynaklanmıştır.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2021Effects of Using Solar Water Heating System on Fuelwood Consumption in Forest Villages
Çakir, Gunay; Tonyali, Suleyman
Ain of study: In this study, the effects of the use of solar water heating system of forest villagers in Gumushane were investigated. Material and methods: For this purpose, random selected by 70 forest village households were examined and the results were analyzed by One Sample T-Test. Within the scope of the research, face-to-face surveys were conducted with the families with the villagers who were determined with information provided by Department of Forest-Village Relations. The villagers were chosen among those who had used this solar energy heating system for at least 5 years. The data in the questionnaires were transferred to digital media and it was tried to determine how the forest villagers were affected by solar water heating systems. Main results: As a result, after the use of solar water heating systems; the consumption of firewood for heating has not changed. The consumption of wood used for cooking and the consumption of wood used for hot water has also decreased. Highlights: Thanks to this solar water heating system, carbon accumulation in forests has increased and a positive contribution has been made to climate change.
- MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2021Automatic extraction of trees by using multiple return properties of the lidar point cloud
Ozdemir, Samed; Akbulut, Zeynep; Karsli, Fevzi; Acar, Hayrettin
Airborne laser scanning has been a valuable tool for forestry applications since it began to be used commercially. Thanks to the high 3D resolution provided by the Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point cloud, it has provided great convenience in complex 3D modeling processes needed for forestry applications such as forest inventory, forest management, determination of carbon stocks and the characterization of biodiversity. LiDAR data provides a new dimension in forestry applications with its high 3D resolution and multiple return characteristics. The extraction of woodland areas from the LiDAR point cloud has great importance for automating the determination of tree heights, species and stand frequency which will be used for generating canopy height models (CHM). In this study, woodland areas in the urban scene were automatically extracted by using the multiple return properties of the LiDAR point cloud. The proposed approach consists of three major steps namely pre-processing, parameter calculation and k-d tree search for trees which were implemented in MATLAB. In the first step, multiple return points have been identified from the LiDAR point cloud, which will be then used to determine possible tree locations. Then, by using Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm, neighborhood relations among the multi return points which were extracted from the initial point cloud data, were formed and a rule-based filter was applied by taking advantage of neighborhood relations. In addition, the initial point cloud was filtered with the Cloth Simulation Filtering (CSF) algorithm to separate ground and non-ground points where non-ground points used to extract trees. In the second step, non-vegetation points were removed by applying a threshold based on the change of curvature and planarity parameters, which are derived from the filtered non–ground point cloud. In the last step, in order to extract trees, a k-d tree structure was created from the filtered non-ground points to find nearest neighbors of each multi return point within a given diameter in the k-d tree structure. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the approach, the extracted boundaries were compared with the manually digitized woodland boundaries from the true orthophoto of the study area using correctness, completeness and quality metrics.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2021Temporal monitoring of land use/land cover change in Kahramanmaraş city center
Aliyazicioglu, Kubra; Beker, Fatmanur; Topaloglu, Raziye Hale; Bilgilioglu, Burhan Baha; Comert, Resul
Irregular urbanization causes problems such as decrease in fertile agricultural areas, irregular industrialization and urbanization. To provide a healthier life opportunity for future generations without disturbing nature, it is essential to determine the temporal changes in land use and to make land management plans accordingly. In this study, land use/land cover (LULC) change occurred in Kahramanmaras province within 30 years was investigated by remote sensing and integration of Geographic Information Systems. Landsat satellite images of 1988-1998-2008-2018 were obtained for the production of LULC maps. Each image was classified according to supervised classification approach using the support vector machines (SVMs) algorithms. The confusion matrix was created for each year to examine the accuracy of the LULC maps. The overall accuracy of the thematic maps was obtained as 91.76%, 93.56%, 86.89% and 88.29%, respectively. Also, Kappa values of thematic maps for each year were obtained as 0.88, 0.91, 0.81 and 0.84, respectively. When the results were examined, the development of industry in the city area and the construction of the airport contributed to the development of the social and economic structure of the city. The increase in the number of housing in the related regions has led to an increase in the amount of urban areas and a decrease in agricultural areas.
- MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2021A contribution to the biogeography and taxonomy of two anatolian mountain brook newts, neurergus barani and n. Strauchii (amphibia: Salamandridae) using ecological niche modeling
Kurnaz, Muammer; Şahin, Mehmet Kürşat
The Anatolian newt, Neurergus strauchii, is an endemic Anatolian species. Until recently, N. strauchii was represented by three subspecies. It has been discussed within a recent phylogenetic study in which the subspecies N. s. barani is recommended to be evaluated as a cryptic but distinct species. To address this subject, we aimed to discuss the niche differentiation between N. barani and N. strauchii using geographical and bioclimatic aspects. All georeferenced data of N. barani and N. strauchii were used to estimate the potential distributions of these species in the Anatolian Peninsula. To evaluate their ecological niche differentiation, point-based analysis and niche similarity tests were done. Ecological niche modeling outcomes demonstrated a significant niche differentiation between N. barani and N. strauchii. Moreover, since these species are distributed in the east and west of the Euphrates Basin, this river might be considered as a geographic barrier that can cause isolation for these species. Lastly, we demonstrated their potential distributions for future with several scenarios. Our findings strengthened the results of the recent phylogenetic study and indicated the necessity of handling “barani” taxa at the species level. Moreover, these results contribute, as a piece of evidence, to the biodiversity of Anatolia where another endemic species lives.
