Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2024Investigation of the relationship between the buildings collapsed in February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaras earthquakes and the soil and analysis of the risk of collapse in earthquakes
Eraslan, Selim; Hatipoglu, Ilter Kutlu; Ocak, Fatih; Isik, Fatih; Zeybek, Halil Ibrahim
In this study, the building-ground relationship in the areas affected by the February 6 Kahramanmaras earthquakes was determined, and the risk of building collapse in future earthquakes was analyzed. Remote sensing techniques determined the collapsed building-soil relationship, and the frequency ratio method was applied by utilizing Geographic Information Systems techniques to assess the risk of collapse in earthquakes. According to the research results, 84% of the collapses occurred in flat areas. On the other hand, 49.7% of the collapses occurred in the 0-500 m elevation range. In particular, it was determined that 46% (110.8 km(2)) of the collapsed buildings occurred on alluvial land belonging to the Quaternary period. According to the earthquake frequency analysis of the total 108,812 km(2) area considered in this study, 43.72% of the area is at the Risky level, indicating that a large part of the region is at significant earthquake risk. Moreover, Hatay, Adana, Osmaniye, Sanliurfa, Kahramanmaras, and Malatya are the provinces where the risk of collapse of buildings in an earthquake is high. These results reveal the necessity of analyzing by considering many criteria in determining residential areas in provinces at risk of earthquakes.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2021Sağlık District Landslide (Ordu, Turkey)
Uzun, Ali; Zeybek, Halil İbrahim; Hatipoglu, Ilter Kutlu; Hatipoğlu, Şerif Can
Landslides cause loss of life and property from time to time. In Turkey, the Black Sea Regionis the region where landslides are seen most frequently. In this study, Sağlık DistrictLandslide that occurred on May 15th, 2019 in the Central Black Sea Region was examined.This study aims to investigate the occurrence of landslide and its consequences. For thispurpose, area was visited and measurements were performed, soil samples and photos weretaken. The region which has a rough terrain, receives precipitation throughout the year. Thesite has volcanic bedrock and thick debris and ground cover on it. The liquefaction limit ofthe soil is between 45.7 and 47.8 and the plasticity limit is between 20.51 and 22. Snowmeltis the main factor that triggers landslides in the work area. Also, turning forests intoagricultural areas, opening roads crossing the slopes, additional weights created by houses,water leaking from the sewer network to the ground among preparative conditions oflandslides. Stress cracks that started to occur in the crown part of the landslide three yearsago started to expand on the day of the incident. The authorities who realized this evacuatedthe houses being under threat. Despite this, 22 buildings were destroyed and 8 hectares ofagricultural land were damaged. It has been proposed to establish new settlements far fromthe landslide zone and the people in the landslide zone be moved to safe areas.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2020Melet Irmağı (Ordu) Orta ve Aşağı Çığırında Arazi Kullanımının Zamansal ve Mekânsal Değişimi* (2002 – 2015)
Uzun, Ali; Hatipoglu, Ilter Kutlu
Su, insan yaşamı için temel ihtiyaçlardan biridir. Dolayısıyla akarsu havzaları diğer alanlara göre daha fazla nüfuslanmıştır. Çalışma sahasını oluşturan Melet Irmağı’nın orta ve aşağı çığırı da yoğun nüfuslu alanlardan biridir. Havzada nüfusun artması arazi kullanımında da değişmelere sebep olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2002-2015 yılları arasında, çalışma alanında meydana gelen arazi kullanımı değişimlerini coğrafi açıdan incelemektir. Melet Irmağı yukarı çığırından Topçam Boğazı ile ayrılan araştırma sahası, Karadeniz Bölgesi’nin Orta ve Doğu bölümleri arasında yer almakta ve yaklaşık 865 km2 yüz ölçüme sahip bulunmaktadır.Bu çalışmada Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri, Uzaktan Algılama yöntemleri ve arazi incelemeleri bir arada kullanılmıştır. Arazi kullanımındaki zamansal değişim 18 Ekim 2002 tarihli Landsat 7 TM uydu görüntüsü ve 28 Eylül 2015 tarihli Landsat 8 OLI/ TIRS uydu görüntüsü ile arazi çalışmaları sırasında elde edilen veriler karşılaştırılarak belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla United States Geological Survey’in web sitesinden çalışma alanına ait Landsat uydu görüntüleri temin edilmiştir. ENVI 5.1 programı yardımıyla uzaktan algılama analizleri yapılmış, elde edilen sonuçlar ArcGIS 10.2 programı kullanılarak haritalanmıştır.Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda, 2002-2015 yılları arasında araştırma sahasındaki ormanların 103 km2 alan kaybettiği, tarım arazilerinin ise 122,9 km2 alan kazandığı anlaşılmıştır. Nitekim saha çalışmaları sırasında ormanların ve meraların tahrip edildiği, yerlerine fındık ve kivi bahçelerinin kurulduğu gözlenmiştir. Doğal bitki örtüsüne zarar veren ve erozyonu destekleyen bu olaylar, yabani hayvanların yaşam alanlarını da sınırlamaktadır. Bu nedenle, çalışma alanının doğal bitki örtüsü, yaban hayatı varlığı ve tarımsal faaliyetleri birlikte değerlendirilmeli ve sürdürülebilir bir kullanım yöntemi geliştirilmelidir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2020Soil erosion risk assesment with MICONA model in Melet River Basin
Uzun, Ali; Hatipoglu, Ilter Kutlu
Soil erosion is an incident that is effective in shaping the surface. However, the acceleration of ero-sion by man is a problem. Erosion problem causes agricultural lands to become infertile and disap-pear over time. This problem is even more pronounced in Turkey which has a rugged topographyand a long history of settlement. Therefore, detailed field studies are needed to determine the sizeof the problem and to solve it. In this study, the risk of erosion of the Melet River Basin was inves-tigated. The Melet River is an important river that separates the Central and Eastern Black Sea di-visions of the Black Sea Region. It emerges from the west-facing slopes of the Karagöl Mountainsand flows into the Black Sea from Ordu City Center. The catchment area of the river is 2006 km2.The basin is bounded by the water section lines passing through the Giresun Mountains from thesouth and the east and the water section lines passing through the Canik Mountains from the west.Erosion risk of the basin was investigated by using the MICONA model developed by adding heightand soil depth data to the ICONA method. While preparing the study, field observations, GIS tech-nologies were used together. The basic raster datas used in the model which NDVI (vegetation den-sity), land use, bedrock, soil depth, height and slope are compiled from field studies, satellite imagesand documents of various government organizations. According to MICONA model, 25.2% of thebasin is very high, 20.1% is high and 27.2% has moderate erosion risk. In return, 17.2% of the basinhas a low erosion risk and a very low erosion risk of 10.3%. The areas with the highest erosion riskin the area are concentrated upper course of the basin where in the west of Karagöl. In the west ofMesudiye, the topography is simplified and the risk of erosion decreases