Yazarlar
- Baltaci, Cemalettin(26)
- Ürkek, Bayram(25)
- Ozturk, Samet(24)
- Şengül, Mustafa(20)
- Yuksel, Ferhat(19)
- Kaya, Hacer(15)
- Baltacı, Cemalettin(12)
- İlyasoğlu, Huri(12)
- Acet, Tuba(10)
- Aksakal, Vecihi(10)
- Adanacioglu, Hakan(9)
- Erdogdu, Ferruh(9)
- Liu, Shuxiang(9)
- Yolcu, Halil(9)
- Menevseoglu, Ahmed(8)
- Merddan, Kurtuluş(8)
- Akdoğan, Arda(7)
- Gündoğdu, Engin(7)
- Karabulut, Besim(7)
- Sirat, Abdulveli(7)
- Bahar, Bilge(6)
- Bayram, Bahri(6)
- Doğan, Nilgün(6)
- Güzel, Melih(6)
- Karaalp, Musa(6)
- Kaya, H.(6)
- Yüksel, Ferhat(6)
- Öz, Mehmet(6)
- Akar, Bülent(5)
- Burnaz, Nesibe Arslan(5)
- Coskun, Eda(5)
- Gül, Abdulkadir(5)
- Gürmeriç, Hüseyin Ender(5)
- Ilyasoglu, Huri(5)
- Kalkisim, Ozgun(5)
- Karaman, Safa(5)
- Karpuz, Ömer(5)
- Mazlum, Halit(5)
- Okcu, Zuhal(5)
- Ozdes, Duygu(5)
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Zeytin pirinasının mikrodalga kurutulmasında ultrases ön işleminin ürünün bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri üzerine etkisi
Koc, Gulsah Caliskan; Altay, Kadriye; Akdoğan, Arda
Bu çalışmada, mikrodalga kurutma öncesi zeytin pirinasına uygulanan ultrases ön işleminin kurutulmuş pirinanın fizikokimyasal kompozisyonu (nem, su aktivitesi ve renk), toz ürün özellikleri üzerine biyoaktif bileşenleri (toplam flavonoid, fenolik madde içeriği), antioksidan aktivitesi ve mineral madde içeriği özelliklerine etkisinin araştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, pirina örneklerine 10 dakika ultrases ön işlemi uygulanmış ve örnekler 460W güçte 8 dakika süre ile mikrodalga fırında kurutulmuştur. Kurutma sonrası örneklerin nem içerikleri %5 (yaş bazda)’in altına düşmüştür. Ultrases ön işleminin kurutulmuş pirinanın b*, kroma ve esmerleşme indeksi değerlerini azalttığı gözlenmiştir. Toz formdaki kurutulmuş pirina örneklerinin iyi akabilirlik ve düşük yapışkanlık özelliğinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ultrases ön işleminin pirinaların flavonoid ve fenolik madde miktarı ve antioksidan aktivite özelliklerini azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ultrases ön işleminin örneklerin demir, nikel, alüminyum, mangan, kurşun ve potasyum içeriklerinde artış meydana getirdiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Piyasada satılan yoğurtların fizikokimyasal, mikrobiyolojik ve ade-inhibitör aktivitelerinin belirlenmesi
Gürbüz, Zeynep; Şengül, Mustafa; Erkaya, Tuba; Gürmeriç, Hüseyin Ender
Bu çalışmada, Erzurum piyasasında satılan 12 adet farklı ticari yoğurt örneğinin fizikokimyasal, mikrobiyolojik ve reolojik özellikleri ile Anjiyotensin Dönüştürücü Enzim (ADE)-inhibitör aktiviteleri belirlenmiştir. Yoğurtların kurumadde, yağ, protein, serum ayrılması, pH ve viskozite değerleri %11.11-18.05, %1.25-4.70, %3.28-4.66, 0.95-9.00 ml/25g, 3.79-4.61, 7913.0-30425.0 cP aralığında değişmiştir. Mikrobiyolojik analiz sonuçlarına göre yoğurtların L. bulgaricus ve S. thermophilus sayıları ise sırasıyla 5.67-8.32 ve 6.12-8.5 log kob/g aralığında bulunmuştur. Yoğurtların ADE-inhibitör aktivite % ve IC50 analiz sonuçları sırasıyla %55.57-77.90 ve 0.91-1.80 mg/ml arasında değişim göstermiştir. Yoğurt örneklerinin hepsi ADE-inhibitör aktivite göstermiş ve sonuçlar arasında önemli farklar (P <0.05) olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Spor salonuna giden bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıkları, beslenme bilgı düzeyi ve besin desteği kullanımlarının belirlenmesi
Aygül, İmdat; Yılmaz, Hacı Ömer
Bu araştırma, spor salonuna giden bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıkları, beslenme bilgi düzeyi ve besin desteği kullanım durumlarını belirlemek amacıyla planlanmış ve yürütülmüştür. Tanımlayıcı-kesitsel tipte olan araştırmanın verileri anket aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Anket formu demografik bilgiler, beslenme alışkanlıkları, Yetişkinler İçin Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi Ölçeği ve besin desteği kullanımına yönelik sorulardan oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada 360 spor salonuna giden bireye (242 erkek, 118 kadın, ortalama yaş=22,1±5,6 yıl) ait veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Katılımcıların beslenme alışkanlıklarının önerilen düzende olmadığı, %19,4’ünün kötü düzeyde temel beslenme ve %17,5’inin kötü düzeyde besin tercih bilgisi olduğu ve %30,0’ının ise besin desteği kullandığı belirlenmiştir. Spor salonuna giden bireylerin sağlıklı beslenme alışkanlıkları kazanımı ve yüksek beslenme bilgisi edinimine bağlı olarak, daha bilinçli ve doğru şekilde besin desteği kullanım tercihinin olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu konuda, özellikle spor ve sporcu beslenmesi alanında uzmanlaşmış diyetisyenler bilgi edinim kaynağı olarak tercih edilebilir. Ayrıca, spor salonuna giden bireylerin beslenme konusunda sıklıkla bilgisine başvurduğu salon antrönerlerinin de besinler, besin destekleri ve sporcu beslenmesi ile ilgili bilimsel kaynakları tercih etmesi ve bireyleri daha doğru ve sağlıklı bir şekilde yönlendirmesi önerilmektedir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Some Quality and Microbiological Traits of Tokat Tarhana Obtained from Different Wheat Cultivars Under Various Drying Conditions
Bahar, Bilge; Baltaci, Cemalettin; Gençer, Sevil
This study was carried out to evaluate the variations in some quality traits of Tokat red pepper tarhana samples according to the cultivars and drying techniques. For this aim, five white grained bread wheat cultivars such as Altınöz, Candaş, Gökkan, Şahika, and Yakamoz were used as material. And, tarhana samples were dried under open air, airflow oven and vacuum. The study was conducted with three replications according to the split plot design in random plots. All quality traits showed statistically significant variations for the bread wheat cultivars (C), drying techniques (DT), and DT×C interactions. Thus, airflow oven showed the highest values among the drying techniques for the contents of ash (8.5892%), total titration acidity (27.433%) and salt (6.842%). On the other hand, open air drying technique presented the highest values for moisture (14.556%), pH (4.349) and the density of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (1.4×104 CFU g-1 for M17 agar, 2.4×104 CFU g-1 for MRS agar. Also, Gökkan cv had the highest percents for all quality traits except LAB density. These findings showed that the most suitable bread wheat cultivar for Tokat red pepper tarhana was Gökkan cv, and the most favorable drying technique was open air drying. In addition, it is understood from the results that wheat cultivar and drying technique which used in tarhana production were essential factors. So, tarhana sector should choose the best wheat cultivar and drying technique to be used in tarhana production for consumer taste and healthy diet. From this study, it is understood that the open air drying is the most sustainable technique in terms of both production and consumption.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Characterization, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Iron Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Firethorn Fruit (Pyracantha coccinea Roemer) Extracts
Düzgün, Azer Özad; Baltaci, Cemalettin; Akar, Bülent; Karakullukçu, Volkan; Karpuz, Omer
The main focus of this study was to explore the biological activity of metal nanoparticles that were green-synthesized from firethorn fruits. Specifically, iron nanoparticles (Fe-NP) were synthesized from extracts obtained from fruits and seeds of the firethorn plant (Pyracantha coccinea) grown on Gumushane University’s campus for landscaping purposes. The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of both extracts and synthesized iron nanoparticles were evaluated. To characterize the Fe-NPs, FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed. The antioxidant activity of the fruit extracts and Fe-NPs was assessed using various antioxidant activity tests, including ABTS radical scavenging activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total antioxidant content (TAC). The results of all antioxidant activity tests indicated that the iron nanoparticles exhibited higher antioxidant activity than the fruit extracts. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the fruit extracts and nanoparticles against Gram-negative bacteria (Yersinia pseudotuberculosis ATCC 911, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Proteus vulgaris ATCC 13315, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 43288) and Gram-positive bacteria (Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633) were determined the using the medium microdilution procedure. Similar to the antioxidant activity findings, the Fe-NPs demonstrated stronger antimicrobial activity compared to the fruit extracts.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Near- and Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Machine Learning Algorithms to Determine Minerals and Antioxidant Activity in Commercial Cheese
Menevseoglu, Ahmed; Gunes, Nurhan; Ayvaz, Huseyin; Sarikaya, Sevim Beyza Ozturk; Zehiroğlu, Cuma
Erzincan Tulum Cheese (ETC) holds a significant place among the most popular cheeses in Türkiye. It has been awarded Protected Geographical Indication status, which restricts the allowable milk species, its production area, and specific sheep breed used in its production. Mineral content and antioxidant activity of ETC were aimed to be predicted using conventional FT-NIR and a portable FT-MIR spectrometer combined with partial least square regression (PLSR) and machine learning algorithms based on conditional entropy. Seventy ETC samples were analyzed for their mineral (Al, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, and P) content using ICP-MS. The samples' antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH•+ scavenging activity method. PLSR combined with FT-NIR spectral data correlated with antioxidant activity (r=0.89) and minerals (as low as r=0.83) except for Cr and Fe. FT-MIR data provided a good correlation for minerals (as low as r=0.82) except for Cr and Mn and a moderate correlation with antioxidant activity (r=0.64). Information theory was applied to select wavenumbers used in machine learning algorithms, and better results were obtained compared to PLSR. Overall, FT-NIR and FT-MIR spectroscopy provided rapid (~ 1 min), non-destructive, sensitive, and reliable output for mineral and antioxidant activity predictions in commercial cheese samples.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Investigation of Motives Underlying Food Choice of Health Science Students: Cross Sectional Study
İlyasoğlu, Huri; Fatma; Yaşar, İlknur; Duvan, Sare Nur; Erbecer, Sibel
Objective: Poor eating habits are widespread among university students. This study aimed to investigate the motives un- derlying food choices of health science students by using a food choice questionnaire (FCQ). Moreover, the correlations between food choice dimensions and anthropometric characteristics such as body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio were investigated.Material and Methods: Voluntary students (n=335) from the faculty of health sci- ences participated in the study. Their demographic properties and an- thropometric measurements were recorded. Turkish version of the FCQ was applied to the participants. For analyzing the data, chi-square test and Pearson correlation analysis were performed. Results: Research findings revealed that the most important food choice dimensions were sensory appeal, price, and mood, respectively, and the least important were weight control, natural content, and ethical concern, respectively. Health dimension had a lower importance in food choice compared to sensory appeal dimension. Females gave higher scores compared to males. The BMI was positively correlated with both convenience and weight control dimensions. No correlation was found between the waist-to-height ratio and food dimensions. Conclusion: To reduce health risks related to poor eating habits, university students’ aware- ness of healthy foods and nutrition should be increased. For this reason, activities should be organized to improve their knowledge about healthy nutrition.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Contract Farming in Buckwheat Cultivation
Adanacioglu, Hakan; Doğan, Nilgün
Contract farming is a deal between a producer and a buyer regarding cultivation of an agricultural product characteristically. In reality, terms and conditions of these contracts can alter dramatically. It can refer to those arrangements involving public firms, government organisations or NGOs and can also refer to private schemes. In this paper, it is only focused on contract farming on arrangements between farmers and private actors. In recent years, buckwheat has gained increasing notice as a promising functional food, owing to its several human health issues and lack of gluten. This study examines buckwheat farmer’s involvement in contract farming in districts of Gümüşhane province which is in the northeast of Turkey. An empirical analysis of the contract farming regarding the buckwheat farmers and postharvest practice has been provided. The survey was conducted in Kelkit, Köse and Şiran districts as only production places of the buckwheat in the province. Data collected from 30 farmers who are engaged in contract farming model. According to data, issues of the contract farming, marketing channels of the buckwheat and perspectives of the farmers for the buckwheat production with contract farming are addressed. The findings of this study reveal that the contract farming model, mostly eliminates the marketing-related concerns of the farmers in the region. Perceive benefits derivable from beginning to buckwheat contract farming was measured based on the following proposals (the commitments to purchase product, the market guarantee, the compliance with the contract terms, purchasing at the agreed price and timely payment) was evaluated using 5 point likert scale. As a result, buckwheat contract farmers should be monitored by the contract buyer for the continuity of the production.
- Derleme MakaleAçık Erişim2023Maternal Beslenme, Mikrobiyota ve Krononütrisyon
Caferoglu Akin, Zeynep; Kurtbeyoğlu, Emine
Maternal beslenme, fetal büyüme ve gelişmede önemli bir rol oynar. Gebelik sırasındaki olumsuz beslenme koşullarının, bebekteki belirli organların yapısını ve işlevini kalıcı olarak değiştirebilmekte ve bunun da fetal programlanma aracılığıyla birçok yetişkin hastalığına yol açabileceği uzun zamandır bilinmektedir. Bağırsak mikrobiyotasının fetal programlanma hipotezine dahil edilmesi, maternal beslenmenin bebeğin sağlığı ve hastalığı üzerindeki etkisinin daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlayacaktır. Gebelik ve emziklilik dönemindeki maternal beslenme, annenin mikrobiyotasını etkilemekte, böylece gebelik ve erken yaşam sırasında bebeğe aktarılabilen bakteri havuzunu değiştirmektedir. Mikrobiyotanın bileşimi ve aktivitesinin değişmesi ise hem anne hem de bebeğin sağlığında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Diyetin kompozisyonu ve total enerji alımı ile bebeğin gelecekteki sağlığı ve hastalığının etkilendiğine dair kanıtlar oluşmaya başlamakla birlikte, sadece diyetin kompozisyonunun değil aynı zamanda diyetin zamanının (krononütrisyon) da önemli olduğu belirtilmektedir. Literatürde gece ağırlıklı beslenen annelerin diyet kalitesinin düşük, diyetin glisemik yükünün ve yağ içeriğinin yüksek, meyve-posa tüketiminin düşük olduğu bildirilmiştir ve bunun sonucunda hem anne hem de bebeğin sağlığını etkileyebileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı; maternal beslenme, mikrobiyota ve krononütrisyon arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Sous vide ve geleneksel pişirme yöntemlerinin kabak ve yeşil fasulyenin renk özellikleri ve antioksidan kapasitesine etkisinin karşılaştırılması
İlyasoğlu, Huri; Yilmaz, Sena Nur
Pişirme işleminin sebzelerin fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerinde değişimlere yol açtığı bilinmektedir. Yeşil fasulye ve kabak Türk mutfağında yaygın bir kullanım alanına sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Sous vide (SV) ile geleneksel pişirme (haşlama ve buharda) yöntemlerinin yeşil fasulye ve kabağın renk özellikleri ve antioksidan kapasitesine etkilerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Taze ve 3 farklı pişirme yöntemi uygulanmış sebze örneklerinin renk özellikleri (L*, a* ve b*), toplam fenolik madde miktarı (TFM), 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) radikal temizleme aktivitesi ve demir (III) iyonu indirgeme antioksidan gücü belirlenmiştir. Pişirme işlemi sonrası sebzelerin parlaklık değerlerinde azalma ve kırmızılık-yeşillik değerlerinde artışlar gözlenmiştir. Sebzelerin TFM içeriğinin en iyi korunduğu pişirme yönteminin SV yöntemi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Pişirme yöntemlerinin antioksidan kapasiteye etkisinin sebze çeşidine göre farklılıklar gösterdiği de belirlenmiştir. Kabak örnekleri için haşlama yönteminde yeşil fasulye örnekleri için buharda pişirme yönteminde en yüksek antioksidan kapasite değeri elde edilmiştir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Chemical Composition of Pistacia terebinthus L. and its Phytochemical and Biological Properties
Fidan, Muhammed Said; Baltaci, Cemalettin; Öz, Mehmet; Akar, Zeynep
Vitamin C, enzyme activities, phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activity, and essential oil analyses of ripe and unripe fruits of P. terebinthus were investigated. Vitamin C amounts of ripe and unripe fruits were 63.2 and 15.4 mg/100g, respectively. The main phenolic compounds of unripe and ripe fruits are rutin, syringic acid, and gallic acid. It was determined that the enzyme inhibitor activities in the ripe and unripe fruits were 0.136 mg/mL and 2.14 mg/mL. In all of the free radical scavenging (DPPH and ABTS) activity, ferric (III) ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) capacity, total phenolic substance amounts (TPC), total flavonoid substance amounts (TFC), and total antioxidant activity (TAC) antioxidant methods analyzed with plant parts, the methanol extracts obtained from the ripe fruits of the P. terebinthus showed higher antioxidant properties than the methanol extracts obtained from the unripe fruits. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 showed antimicrobial activity against microorganisms, while methanol extracts obtained from unripe fruit samples did not show antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms used. The chemical grade with the most compounds in the essential oils of P. terebinthus were monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenes, and monoterpenes in unripe and ripe fruits, respectively. The main components were a-pinene with 22.8% and 27.3% ratios in unripe and ripe fruits, respectively.
- MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2023Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Phytochemical Activities of Rhus coriaria L. and its Phenolic Compounds and Volatile Component Analyses
Öz, Mehmet; Baltaci, Cemalettin; Fidan, Muhammed Said; Karatas, Seyda Merve
Volatile oil analysis, phenolic constituents, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activity, vitamin C, and enzyme activities of the fruits of Rhus coriaria L. were studied. The chemical with the highest percentage was sesquiterpene hydrocarbons with 40.4%. The major compound was detected as caryophyllene (36.9%). The main phenolic constituents of fruit samples were gallic acid, syringic acid, protocatechuic acid, and 4hydroxybenzoic acid. The highest phenolic constituent of fruits was gallic acid. Ferric (Ill) ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) capacity (14.9 mg FeSO4 eq./g), free radical scavenging (ABTS) capacity (68.8 mg AA eq./g), ABTS % inhibition rate (98.0%), free radical scavenging (DPPH) (53.1 mg AA eq./g), and DPPH % inhibition (79.6%) amounts were determined in antioxidant capacities of the samples. The bioactive component contents of the samples were total antioxidant amounts (TAC) (32.8 mg GA/g), total flavonoid substance amounts (TFC) (73.8 mg QE eq./g), and total phenolic substance amounts (TPC) (41.4 mg GA eq./g). The results of the antimicrobial activity analysis of R. coriaria fruit samples showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes microorganisms. The amount of vitamin C and enzyme inhibitor activity in the fruits of R. coriaria were determined as 35.5 mg/100 g and 0.07 mg/mL, respectively.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Oilseed warehouse location selection with an integrated approach: a case of Turkey
Gergin, Ramazan Eyup; Peker, Iskender; Baki, Birdogan; Tuzkaya, Umut Rifat; Tanyas, Mehmet
Purpose Agricultural sector not only meets the nutritional requirements of all living creatures but also generates the primary source of the raw material provided by various branches of industry to fulfill their functions. It is of great importance to increase studies on oilseeds which have an important role in Turkey's agricultural products. They are grown in almost all of the country, which are vital for the nutrition and many sectors. The main purpose of the study is to offer an integrated approach to determine potential warehouse locations for oilseeds. Design/methodology/approach This is the first study that integrates Delphi, analytical hierarchical process (AHP), technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), P-Median and Panel data analysis in a real case. This integrated approach consists of the following steps, respectively: (1) The criteria were determined by the Delphi method. (2) The weights of the criteria were calculated by AHP and the provinces with the highest oilseed warehouse potential in seven regions of Turkey were specified by TOPSIS. (3) Oilseed warehouse numbers and locations were obtained by P-Median. (4) In order to answer whether the distribution network is profitable in the future with the determined center locations, a forecast model based on panel data analysis was created. (5) Regional representatives were determined for 2030, and the distribution network was analyzed again. (6) The costs that arose in 2018 and 2030 were computed and compared by cost analysis. (7) The effect of the change in criteria weights on the alternative results was tested by scenario analysis. Findings The findings indicated that oilseed crop production potential and oilseed crop production area turned out to be the most important criteria. Furthermore, the results showed that this model is robust and suitable for warehouse location selection studies. Practical implications The study can serve as a guide for local and central policy makers with both the criteria it uses and the model it develops. Originality/value The main contribution of this study is that the integrated approach has been used for the first time in location selection in a real case.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Comparison of some characteristics of homemade, local and national brands yoghurts
Aktas, Haktan; Ürkek, Bayram; Aktas, Hacer Meral; Çetin, Bulent; Sengül, Mustafa
In the study, some physicochemical, viscosity, rheological properties, benzoic and sorbic acid contents of a total of 96 yoghurt samples (consisting of homemade, local and national) collected from different provinces of Turkey were investigated. It was determined that national yoghurt samples had the highest average dry matter (13.8%) and the lowest syneresis values (35.8%). Homemade yoghurts had the lowest average viscosity (at 20 rpm, 4079 cP; 50 rpm, 2142 cP), consistency coefficient values (44.4). It was determined that the flow behavior index values of all yoghurt samples were between 0 and 1 and showed pseudoplastic behavior. It was found that the national commercial yoghurt samples were higher than the homemade and regional samples in terms of dry matter, syneresis, viscosity and consistency coefficient. Although the mean benzoic acid values were detected between 5.43 and 31.9 mg kg(-1), sorbic acid was found in only one sample (local brand yoghurt sample).
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023The Effects of Hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha) Fruit Extract on Performance, Carcass and Some Serum Parameters of Broilers Reared Under Heat-Stress Conditions[2]
Kaya, Hacer
Background: The present experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of heat stress (HS) and hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha) fruit extract (HFE) on performance, carcass characteristics and serum parameters in broiler chickens. Methods: Experimental treatments included two different ambient temperatures (24°C: thermoneutral conditions, or 35°C: HS conditions) and three different HFE (0, 0.2 and 0.4 ml/L) in a 2×3 factorial arrangement. A total of 300 1-day-old broiler chicks were randomly allotted 1 of 6 treatments with five replicates. A total of 300 1-day old broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 6 groups with five replications of 10 birds each. HFE supplementation had no effect on growth performance, carcass characteristics and visceral weight in stressed groups (P>0.05). It was also determined that it has a lowering effect on serum malondialdehyde (MDA), free fatty acid (FFA), triacylglyceride (TAG), total lipid (TL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) (P<0.05), but it has no effect on other parameters (P>0.05). Result: As a result, it is thought that the addition of HFE to the drinking water of broiler chickens exposed to HS has no effect on the performance characteristics, HFE has a hypolipidemic effect and would be beneficial in order to strengthen the immune system.
- BildiriYalnız künye2023Quantum Convolutional Neural Network for Agricultural Mechanization and Plant Disease Detection
Genemo, Musa; Shakya, S.; Tavares, J.M.R.S.; Fernández-Caballero, A.; Papakostas, G.
Agricultural research is essential in addressing the challenges of food production and meeting the needs of a growing population. Severe crop disorders can lead to food insecurity, potentially causing disastrous effects on agricultural production, such as yield losses, reduced crop quality, and even complete crop failures. By leveraging computer vision techniques, it is possible to develop systems that detect signs of crop diseases at an early stage, facilitating prompt intervention and management. Environmental changes, such as rainfall and biosolids, can cause plants to become inflamed by microorganisms. While manual observation and assessment of leaf conditions have traditionally been used for crop disease detection, there is increasing interest in leveraging technology to automate and enhance the process. Manual detection of crop diseases based on leaf conditions is subjective, time consuming, and vulnerable to errors. Utilizing computer vision methods to detect plant diseases helps improve plant health. The concept of applying quantum convolutional neural networks (QCNNs) for agricultural mechanization and plant disease detection is an interesting area of research that combines quantum computing and deep learning techniques. However, it is important to note that quantum computing is still in its early stages, and practical implementations of QCNNs for real-world applications, including agriculture, are not yet widespread. The proposed work of paper focuses on the detection of leaf blight disease by classifying leaves into late blight, early blight, and healthy leaves. This work is divided into two stages: segmentation and classification. For segmentation, MobileNetV2 is used, and an emerging quantum machine learning technique named QCNN is used for classification. The main objective is to provide and propose an effective and fast automated technique to detect and classify blight disease, which will help farmers identify blight disease easily. The proposed model achieved a classification accuracy of 0.969. Furthermore, the results were further validated against recent findings in the field. The presented outcome implies that the model’s performance is remarkable.
- MakaleYalnız künye2023Phenolic Components, Mineral Composition, Physicochemical, and Bioactive Properties of Opuntia ficus-indica with Different Drying Methods
Capar, Tugba Dursun; Dedebas, Tugba; Kavuncuoglu, Hatice; Karatas, Seyda Merve; Ekici, Lutfiye; Yalcin, Hasan
Cactus pear fruit (Opuntia ficus-indica) have nutritional and antioxidant properties due to the presence of vitamins, fibers, minerals, and polyphenols. The present paper aims to examine the effects of drying methods (sun, oven, vacuum, and freeze) on the bioactivity and antimicrobial quality of prickly pear fruit. Total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant (DPPH) and antimicrobial activity, mineral content, phenolic compounds, and color values were investigated. The highest antioxidant activity (DPPH) and color values were observed in the freeze-dried samples, which were very close to the values for fresh samples. The total phenolic content (TPC) of the freeze-dried sample was 503.53 mg GAE/100 g. The most abundant phenolic compound was p-hydroxybenzoic acid (210 ppm) identified in fresh and freeze-dried fruit extract, which may be more effective antimicrobials than the rest. The mineral content of freeze- and vacuum-dried samples was very close to that of fresh fruit. This study indicates that freeze-drying of prickly pear fruit improved the bioactive and antimicrobial properties without leading to nutritional loss.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Determinants of Individual Worries on Food Insecurity in Afghanistan
Karapınar Kocağ, Esra
According to the United Nations (UN), more than 30 per cent of the world’s population experienced food insecurity moderately or severely in 2020 and Sustainable Development Goal 2 clearly claims to end hunger by 2030. Afghanistan within those regions with severe food insecurity has become prominent as both environmental deterioration due to climate change and ongoing conflict affects this situation twice as much. Using Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES-2018) data that was provided by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), this paper provides evidence on the determinants of individual worry on having enough food with a sample of 998 individuals through a probit model. Findings reveal that having a college degree significantly reduces the probability of being worried not to have enough food. Further, living in a rural area increases this probability, while being in a richer income quintile and having one more adults in the household decreases it. Empirical evidence of this research suggests a few policy implications. Education should be generalised in the society; and production techniques in the rural areas should be improved to increase the level of production and to save the environment. These efforts might increase the wage level that would help to increase household income to alleviate food insecurity.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023The Comparison with Commercial Antioxidants, Effects on Colour, and Sensory Properties of Green Tea Powder in Butter
Çakmakçı, Songül; Gülçin, İlhami; Gündoğdu, Engin; Ertem Öztekin, Hatice; Taslimi, Parham
Oxidation is one of the most important factors limiting shelf life and is a major deterioration process affecting both the sensory and nutritional quality of food. The high oxidation stability of lipids, which can be improved by the addition of antioxidants, is important for health protection, food quality, and economic reasons. In recent years, research on plant-derived antioxidants for use in human health and food has steadily increased. The aim of this study was to compare the antioxidant effects of green tea powder (GTP) in butter with those of commercial antioxidants (BHA, BHT, α-tocopherol, and Trolox). In addition, the effects on colour, sensory, gross physicochemical properties, and β-carotene content were investigated in butter. After the separation of butter into five pieces, the first part was chosen as the control sample without GTP; the second part has 100 mg/kg of BHT added to it; and the third, fourth, and fifth parts had 1, 2, and 3% of GTP added in the samples. They were stored at 4 ± 1 °C. Analysis was performed at intervals of 15 days. According to the iron reduction, CUPRAC and FRAP methods were performed, and parallel results were observed. Using the radical elimination methods (ABTS, DPPH•, and DMPD•+), IC50 values were calculated for the samples. According to the IC50 values, the GTP-containing samples were good antioxidants. The total phenolic andf β-carotene contents increased as the GTP addition increased. The addition of GTP had an antioxidant capacity equal to or higher than that of the BHT-added sample. For the production of a sensory-pleasing, greenish-coloured, new functional butter, the 1% GTP addition showed the most positive results.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Enhanced Oxidative Stability and Bioaccessibility of Sour Cherry Kernel Byproducts Encapsulated by Complex Coacervates with Different Wall Matrixes by Spray- and Freeze-Drying
Altuntas, Umit; Altin-Yavuzarslan, Gokce; Ozçelik, Beraat
Sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) seeds are obtained as byproducts of the processing of sour cherries into processed foods. Sour cherry kernel oil (SCKO) contains n-3 PUFAs, which may provide an alternative to marine food products. In this study, SCKO was encapsulated by complex coacervates, and the characterization and in vitro bioaccessibility of encapsulated SCKO were investigated. Complex coacervates were prepared by whey protein concentrate (WPC) in combination with two different wall materials, maltodextrin (MD) and trehalose (TH). Gum Arabic (GA) was added to the final coacervate formulations to maintain droplet stability in the liquid phase. The oxidative stability of encapsulated SCKO was improved by drying on complex coacervate dispersions via freeze-drying and spray-drying. The optimum encapsulation efficiency (EE) was obtained for the sample 1% SCKO encapsulated with 3:1 MD/WPC ratio, followed by the 3:1 TH/WPC mixture containing 2% oil, while the sample with 4:1 TH/WPC containing 2% oil had the lowest EE. In comparison with freeze-dried coacervates containing 1% SCKO, spray-dried ones demonstrated higher EE and improved oxidative stability. It was also shown that TH could be a good alternative to MD when preparing complex coacervates with polysaccharide/protein networks.
