Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yazarlar
- Uzun, Sevda(46)
- Kulakaç, Nurşen(21)
- Aydin, Aydanur(16)
- Demir, Selim(16)
- Tuncer, Metin(16)
- Topal, Fevzi(15)
- Turan, Ibrahim(15)
- Yilmaz, Coskun(14)
- Bayrakdaroglu, Serdar(12)
- Koçak, Tevfik(11)
- Aliyazicioglu, Yuksel(10)
- Gulcin, Ilhami(10)
- Ozturk, Samet(10)
- Topal, Meryem(10)
- Ceylan, Halil Ibrahim(9)
- Ceylan, Levent(9)
- Kilinc, Kagan(9)
- Mentese, Ahmet(9)
- Ozdes, Duygu(9)
- Tuncer, Gülsüm Zekiye(9)
- Duran, Celal(8)
- Emirza, Elif Güzide(8)
- Yaman, Serap Ozer(8)
- Yılmaz, Coşkun(8)
- Baltacı, Cemalettin(7)
- Demirağ, Hatice(7)
- Hintistan, Sevilay(7)
- Kaya, Feridun(7)
- Küçük, Murat(7)
- Ürkek, Bayram(7)
- Şengül, Mustafa(7)
- Bayrakdaroğlu, Serdar(6)
- Deger, Orhan(6)
- Genc, Berna(6)
- Gül, Abdulkadir(6)
- Gülçin, Ilhami(6)
- Günen, Mehmet Akif(6)
- Gürsoy, Ayla(6)
- Kurnaz, Muammer(6)
- Supuran, Claudiu T.(6)
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2015A new species of Zachaeus C.L. Koch from Turkey (Opiliones, Phalangiidae)
Kurt, Kemal; Koç, Halil; Yağmur, Ersen Aydın
A new species of harvestmen, Zachaeus seyyari sp. n. (Opiliones, Phalangiidae), is described and illustrated on the basis of both sexes from Şırnak Province in Turkey. Differences between the new species and related species are indicated. Photographs of its characteristic structures are also provided.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2015Waste generation and utilisation in micro-sized furniture-manufacturing enterprises in Turkey
Top, Y.
The number of small-scale businesses within most national economies is generally high, especially in developing countries. Often these businesses have a weak economic status and limited environmental awareness. The type and amount of waste produced, and the recycling methods adopted by these businesses during their operation can have negative effects on the environment. This study investigated the types of waste generated and the recycling methods adopted in micro-sized enterprises engaged in the manufacture of furniture. An assessment was also made of whether the characteristics of the enterprise had any effect on the waste recycling methods that were practised. A survey was conducted of 31 enterprises in the furniture industry in Gumushane province, Turkey, which is considered a developing economy. Surveys were undertaken via face-to-face interviews. It was found that medium-density fibreboard (MDF), and to a lesser extent, chipboard, were used in the manufacture of furniture, and two major types of waste in the form of fine dust and small fragments of board are generated during the cutting of these boards. Of the resulting composite board waste, 96.9% was used for heating homes and workplaces, where it was burnt under conditions of incomplete combustion. Enterprises were found to have adopted other methods to utilise their wastes in addition to using them as fuel. Such enterprises include those operating from a basement or first floor of a building in the cities, those continuing production throughout the year, those in need for capital and those enterprises not operating a dust-collection system.
- MakaleYalnız künye2015Assessment of metal pollution associated with an alteration area: Old Gümüşhane, NE Black Sea
Vural, Alaaddin
The objective of this study was to determine the potential environmental risks associated with the Kirkpavli (Old Gümüşhane in northern Turkey) alteration area by quantifying pollution in soil. The Kirkpavli (Old Gümüşhane) alteration area is situated at the south of the deposit with the same name of gold-silver-bearing lead, zinc, and copper in the southern part of the Black Sea Tectonic Unit (Eastern Pontides). In this study, 28 soil samples acquired from the alteration area were analyzed for contents of some main elements including lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and arsenic (As). Contents of the elements in the area were determined, and high values were obtained such as 1,171 mg/kg for As, 12.4 mg/kg for Cd, 77.3 mg/kg for Co, 341 mg/kg for Cu, 1,172 mg/kg for Mn, 51.9 mg/kg for Ni, 3,725 mg/kg for Pb, and 880 mg/kg for Zn. Soil contamination was appraised on the basis of Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF), Pollution Index, and Integrated Pollution Index. The calculated results of Igeo, EF, and PI of the elements can be shown in descending order of parameters as As > Pb > Cd > Zn > Cu > Co > Mn. The parameters for some of these elements indicated extremely high contamination (Igeo > 5), extremely high enrichment (EF > 40), and high pollution (PI > 3). High Igeo, EF, and PI values of As, Pb, and Cd in the soil samples mean that soil pollution is typically associated with alteration area. Considering its location and the results of this study, the Kirkpavli alteration area is a significant source of pollution and may have ecotoxicological effects on terrestrial, groundwater, and aquatic ecosystems in the region.
- MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2015Inhibition profile of a series of phenolic acids on bovine lactoperoxidase enzyme
Sarikaya, S. Beyza Ozturk; Sisecioglu, Melda; Cankaya, Murat; Gulcin, Ilhami; Ozdemir, Hasan
Lactoperoxidase (LPO) catalyzes the oxidation of numerous of organic and inorganic substrates by hydrogen peroxide. It has very vital activity in the innate immune system by decreasing or stopping the activation of the bacteria in milk and mucosal secretions. This study's purpose was to investigate in vitro effect of some phenolic acids (ellagic, gallic, ferulic, caffeic, quercetin, p-coumaric, syringic, catechol and epicatechin) on the purified LPO. This enzyme was purified from milk by using different methods such as Amberlite CG-50 resin, CM-Sephadex C-50 ion-exchange and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography. LPO was purified 28.7-fold with a yield of 20.03%. We found phenolic acids have inhibition effects on bovine LPO enzyme to different concentrations. Our study showed lower concentrations of caffeic acid, ferulic acid and quercetin exhibited much higher inhibitory effect on enzyme, so these three of them were clearly a more potent inhibitor than the others were. All of compounds were non-competitive inhibitors.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2015Increased expressions of ADAMTS-13, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, and neurofilament correlate with severity of neuropathology in border disease virus-infected small ruminants
Dincel, Gungor Cagdas; Kul, Oguz
Border Disease (BD), caused by Pestivirus from the family Flaviviridae, leads to serious reproductive losses and brain anomalies such as hydranencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia in aborted fetuses and neonatal lambs. In this report it is aimed to investigate the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease with Throm-bospondin type I repeats-13 (ADAMTS-13), and neurofilament (NF) in the brain tissue in small ruminants infected with Border Disease Virus (BDV) and to identify any correlation between hypomyelinogenesis and BD neuropathology. Results of the study revealed that the levels of ADAMTS-13 (p<0.05), nNOS (p<0.05), and NF (p<0.05) were remarkably higher in BDV-infected brain tissue than in the uninfected control. It was suggested that L-arginine-NO synthase pathway is activated after infection by BDV and that the expression of NF and nNOS is associated with the severity of BD. A few studies have focused on ADAMTS-13 expression in the central nervous system, and its function continues to remain unclear. The most prominent finding from our study was that ADAMTS-13, which contain two CUB domains, has two CUB domains and its high expression levels are probably associated with the development of the central nervous system (CNS). The results also clearly indicate that the interaction of ADAMTS-13 and NO may play an important role in the regulation and protection of the CNS microenvironment in neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, NF expression might indicate the progress of the disease. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on ADAMTS-13 expression in the CNS of BDV-infected small ruminants.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2015N-Acylsulfonamides strongly inhibit human carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes i and II
Yildirim, Alper; Atmaca, Ufuk; Keskin, Ali; Topal, Meryem; Çelik, Murat; Gülçin, Ilhami; Supuran, Claudiu T.
Sulfonamides represent a significant class of biologically active compounds that inhibit carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC.: 4.2.1.1) isoenzymes involved in different pathological and physiological events. Sulfonamide CA inhibitors are used therapeutically as diuretic, antiglaucoma, antiobesity and anticancer agents. A series of new sulfonamides were synthesized using imides and tosyl chloride as starting materials. These N-acylsulfonamides efficiently inhibited the cytosolic human carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes I, and II (hCA I, and II), with nanomolar range inhibition constants ranging between 36.4 ± 6.0-254.6 ± 18.0 and 58.3 ± 0.6-273.3 ± 2.5 nM, respectively.
- MakaleYalnız künye2015Biogeochemical characteristics of Rosa canina grown in hydrothermally contaminated soils of the Gümüşhane Province, Northeast Turkey
Vural, Alaaddin
Kırkpavli alteration area (Gümüşhane, Northeast Turkey) is contaminated by heavy metals such as Cd, Pb, As, Cu and Zn. The quantity of accumulation of heavy metal trace elements and macroelements in 32 leaves of Rosa canina of the Kırkpavli alteration area has been studied within the scope of geochemical studies. Element contents of samples were assessed using various parameters including descriptive statistics, factor analysis, correlation coefficients and bioaccumulation factor. Concentrations were detected in the acceptable range for Mo, Cu, Pb, Ni, As, Cd, Sb, P, Ti, Na, Se and Sn. Concentrations of Co, Mn, Ba and Hg were detected close to the acceptable values, whereas Zn, Fe, Sr, V, Ca, Cr, Mg, B, Al, K, W, Sc, Cs and Rb concentrations were detected above the acceptable values. Principal component analysis was used to identify the elements that have a close relationship with each other and/or similar origins. It has been concluded that Zn, Cu, As and Mo content of the plant were related to hydrothermal alteration process and they behaved together, whereas Mn and Fe were especially products of weathering conditions, also behaved together. In terms of macroelements, Ca, Mg and Na had similar behaviour, while P and K had the same correlation.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2015Synthesis and determination of some biological activities of novel 2,4-dinitrophenyl derivatives
Öztürk Sarikaya, Sevim B.; Kaya, Afşin A.; Kaya, Elif C¸elenk; Şentürk, Murat
The antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of the synthesized compounds 3, 5, and 6 were determined by various in vitro assays such as 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical (ABTS.+) scavenging, ferric ion (Fe3+) reducing power and ferrous ion (Fe2+) chelating activities. Moreover, these activities were compared to those of standard antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, and trolox. The results showed that the new compounds (3, 5, and 6) had potential antioxidant activity. Besides, inhibition of the two human cytosolic carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1) isozymes I and II with some nitrobenzene compounds was investigated. Compounds 1-6 showed Ki values in the range of 4.88-193.4 μM and 5.295-54.75 μM for hCA I and hCA II, respectively.
- MakaleYalnız künye2015Nitric oxide production increases during Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis in mice
Dincel, Gungor Cagdas; Atmaca, Hasan Tarik
Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite with the potential of causing severe encephalitis among immunocompromised human and animals. The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the immunomodulatory and immunopathological role of nitric oxide (NO) in central nervous systems and to identify any correlation between toxoplasmosis neuropathology and investigate the consequences of the cellular responses protect against T. gondii. Mice were infected with ME49 strain T. gondii and levels of endothelial, neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthase (eNOS, nNOS, iNOS), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament (NF) were examined in brain tissues by immunohistochemistry, during the development and establishment of a chronic infection at 10 30 and 60 days post infection. Results of the study revealed that the levels of eNOS (. p<0.05), nNOS (. p<0.05), iNOS (. p<0.005), GFAP (. p<0.005) and NF (. p<0.005) were remarkably higher in T. gondii-infected mice than in uninfected control. The most prominent finding from our study was 10 and 30 days after inoculation data indicating that increased levels of NO not only a potential neuroprotective role for immunoregulatory and immunopathological but also might be a molecular trigger of bradyzoite development. Furthermore, this findings were shown that high expressed NO origin was not only inducible nitric oxide synthase but also endothelial and neuronal. We demonstrated that activation of astrocytes and microglia/macrophages is a significant event in toxoplasma encephalitis (TE). The results also clearly indicated that increased levels of NO might contribute to neuropathology related with TE. Furthermore, expression of NF might gives an idea of the progress and critical for diagnostic significance of this disease.
- MakaleYalnız künye2015eNOS and iNOS trigger apoptosis in the brains of sheep and goats naturally infected with the border disease virus
Dincel, Gungor Cagdas; Kul, Oguz
In this study, apoptotic and anti-apoptotic mechanisms and if present, which pathway to trigger the apoptosis in the brains of Border Disease Virus (BDV) infected lambs (n=10) and goat kids (n=5) were investigated. Briefly, apoptotic (caspase 3, caspase 9) and anti-apoptotic markers (Bcl-2), cytokine response (TNF-α, INF-γ), reactive gliosis and myelin loss were examined. eNOS, iNOS, caspase 9, caspase 3 and GFAP expressions were higher in BDV infected tissues compared to control animals (6 kids and 6 lambs) (p<0.05). Double immunoperoxidase test revelaed that TUNEL positive apoptotic cells showed significant association with increased eNOS-iNOS and iNOS-BDV expressions. However, no significant differences were found for TNFR1, TNF-α and INF-γ expressions in BD (p>0.05). There was a positive correlation between the intensity of myelin loss, GFAP activity and severity of infection. Inconclusion, as a novel finding, it is established that eNOS and iNOS overexpressions are coassociated with apoptosis in BDV infected neurons and neuroglia. The results also strongly suggested that BDV infected apoptotic cells mainly prefer the intrinsic pathway that might be most likely related to increased nitric oxide levels.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2015Distribution of β-Lactamase Genes Among Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Isolated From Patients in Turkey
Iraz, Meryem; Düzgün, Azer Ozad; Sandalli, Cemal; Doymaz, Mehmet Ziya; Akkoyunlu, Yasemin; Saral, Aysegul; Peleg, Anton Y.; Özgümüs, Osman Birol; Beris, Fatih Saban; Karaoglu, Hakan
Background: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a serious problem to antibiotic management. We investigated the beta-lactamases in a group of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae clinical isolates from Turkey. Methods: Thirty-seven strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from various clinical specimens were analyzed by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, PCR for the detection of p-lactamase genes, DNA sequencing, and repetitive extragenic palindronic (REP)- FOR analysis. Results: All 37 isolates were resistant to ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefoperazone/sulbactam, cefepime, imipenem, and meropenem. The lowest resistance rates were observed for colistin (2.7%), tigecycline (11%), and amikacin (19%). According to FOR and sequencing results, 98% (36/37) of strains carried at least one carbapenemase gene, with 32 (86%) carrying OXA-48 and 7 (19%) carrying NDM-1. No other carbapenemase genes were identified. All strains carried a CTX-M-2-like beta-lactamase, and some carried SHV- (97%), TEM- (9%), and CTX-M-1-like (62%) beta-lactamases. Sequence analysis of bla(TEM) genes identified a bla(TEM-166) with an amino acid change at position 53 (Arg53Gly) from bla(TEM-1b), the first report of a mutation in this region. REP-FOR analysis revealed that there were seven different clonal groups, and temporo-spatial links were identified within these groups. Conclusions: Combinations of beta-lactamases were found in all strains, with the most common being OXA-48, SHV, TEM, and CTX-M-type (76% of strains). We have reported, for the first time, a high prevalence of the NDM-1 (19%) carbapenemase in carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae from Turkey. These enzymes often co-exist with other beta-lactamases, such as TEM, SHV, and CTX-M beta-lactamases.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2015Antioxidant components of Viburnum opulus L. determined by on-line HPLC-UV-ABTS radical scavenging and LC-UV-ESI-MS methods
Karaçelik, Ayca Aktas; Küçük, Murat; Iskefiyeli, Zeynep; Aydemir, Sezgin; De Smet, Seppe; Miserez, Bram; Sandra, Patrick
Antioxidant activity of the juice and seed and skin extracts prepared with methanol, acetonitrile, and water of Viburnum opulus L. grown in Eastern Black Sea Region were studied with an on-line HPLC-ABTS method and off-line antioxidant methods, among which a linear positive correlation was observed. The fruit extracts were analysed with the HPLC-UV method optimised with 14 standard phenolics. Identification of the phenolic components in the juice was made using an HPLC-UV-ESI-MS method. Nineteen phenolic compounds in juice were identified by comparing the retention times and mass spectra with those of the standards and the phenolics reported in the literature. The major peaks in the juice belonged to coumaroyl-quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, procyanidin B2, and procyanidin trimer. Quite different antioxidant composition profiles were obtained from the extracts with the solvents of different polarities. The antioxidant activities of the seed extracts were higher than those of the skin extracts in general. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- MakaleYalnız künye2014Assessment of strength properties of cemented paste backfill by ultrasonic pulse velocity test
Yilmaz, Tekin; Ercikdi, Bayram; Karaman, Kadir; Külekçi, Gökhan
Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test is one of the most popular non-destructive techniques used in the assessment of the mechanical properties of concrete or rock materials. In this study, the effects of binder type/dosage, water to cement ratio (w/c) and fines content (<20 μm) of the tailings on ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) of cemented paste backfill (CPB) samples were investigated and correlated with the corresponding unconfined compressive strength (UCS) data. A total of 96 CPB samples prepared at different mixture properties were subjected to the UPV and UCS tests at 7, 14, 28 and 56-days of curing periods. UPV and UCS of CPB samples of ordinary Portland cement (CEM I 42.5 R) and sulphate resistant cement (SRC 32.5) initially increased rapidly, but, slowed down after 14 days. However, UPV and UCS of CPB samples of the blast furnace slag cement (CEM III/A 42.5 N) steadily increased between 7 and 56 days. Increasing binder dosage or reducing w/c ratio and fines content (<20 μm) increased the UCS and UPV of CPB samples. UPV was found to be particularly sensitive to fines content. UCS data were correlated with the corresponding UPV data. A linear relation appeared to exist between the UCS and UPV of CPB samples. These findings have demonstrated that the UPV test can be reliably used for the estimation of the strength of CPB samples.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2014Stereotactic Excision of Additional Lesions Detected with Intraoperative Ultrasound Examination During Radiofrequency Dissecting Sealar (Habib®) Assisted Hepatic Metastasectomy: Report of 4 Cases
Altuntas, Yunus E.; Unel, Sacide; Gezen, Fazli C.; Aksakal, Nihat; Civil, Osman; Vural, Selahattin; Ozates, Mustafa; Oncel, Mustafa
Intraoperative ultrasound has been using to achieve a proper resection strategy in patients undergoing a hepatic colorectal metastasectomy. This study aims to describe and reveal the place of stereotactic metastasectomy in nonpalpable colorectal liver metastases (CLM). A chart review was initiated for all patients underwent resection for CLM between 2006 and 2011. The data concerning perioperative data and intraoperative strategy were abstracted. Among the 58 patients, who underwent a resection for CLM, 4 (6.9 %) (all men, median age 65.5, range 49-72, years) necessitated a stereotactic metastasectomy. Preoperative evaluations showed 1 (n = 1), 2 (n = 2), or 3 (n = 1) lesions, and intraoperative ultrasound (IUS) found an additional lesion in a case. Stereotactic marking was performed for nonpalpable lesions located in segments IVA, II, and VI and at the junction of segments V and VI. The margins were negative for all lesions both resected with conventional and stereotactic techniques. The examinations of the stereotactic resection materials revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma (patients n = 2), focal nodular hyperplasia (n = 1), and abnormal benign liver histology probably induced by chemotherapy (n = 1). The median (range) operation and hospitalization periods were 217.5 (150-310) minutes and 5.5 (2-9) days. No complications were observed except biliary fistula in a case, which spontaneously disappeared within 2 weeks. A patient died due to systemic disease including hepatic metastases 33 months after the liver surgery. Stereotactic metastasectomy may be feasible for the removal of nonpalpable CLM. Further evaluations are necessitated to understand the accurate place of this novel technique.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2014Multiwalled CNT-pHEMA composite conduit for peripheral nerve repair
Arslantunali, D.; Budak, G.; Hasirci, V.
A nerve conduit is designed to improve peripheral nerve regeneration by providing guidance to the nerve cells. Conductivity of such guides is reported to enhance this process. In the current study, a nerve guide was constructed from poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA), which was loaded with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (mwCNT) to introduce conductivity. PHEMA hydrogels were designed to have a porous structure to facilitate the transportation of the compounds needed for cell nutrition and growth and also for waste removal. We showed that when loaded with relatively high concentrations of mwCNTs (6%, w/w in hydrogels), the pHEMA guide was more conductive and more hydrophobic than pristine pHEMA hydrogel. The mechanical properties of the composites were better when they carried mwCNT. Elastic modulus of 6% mwCNT loaded pHEMA was twofold higher (0.32 ± 0.06 MPa) and similar to that of the soft tissues. Electrical conductivity was significantly improved (11.4-fold) from 7 × 10-3 Ω-1.cm-1 (pHEMA) to 8.0 × 10-2 Ω-1.cm-1 (6% mwCNT loaded pHEMA). On application of electrical potential, the SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cells seeded on mwCNTs carrying pHEMA maintained their viability, whereas those on pure pHEMA could not, indicating that mwCNT helped conduct electricity and make them more suitable as nerve conduits.
- MakaleYalnız künye2014New thiophene-1,2,4-triazole-5(3)-ones: Highly bioactive thiosemicarbazides, structures of Schiff bases and triazole-thiols
Ünver, Yasemin; Sancak, Kemal; Çelik, Fatih; Birinci, Emrah; Küçük, Murat; Soylu, Serkan; Burnaz, Nesibe Arslan
Key compound 2-(4-amino-5-oxo-3-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4- tiazole-1-yl) acetohydrazide (3) was synthesized by reacting hydrazine hydrate with ethyl-2-(4-amino-5-oxo-3-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-tiazole- 1yl)acetate (2), obtained in basic media from 4-amino-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)- 2H-1,2,4-triazole-3(4H)-one (1). Compound 3 was converted to thiosemicarbazide derivatives (4a-d) and Schiff base derivatives 6a-e and 7a-e. The treatment of compound 4 with NaOH gave 4-amino-2-((4-(4-aryl)-5-mercapto-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3- yl)methyl)-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-2H-1,2,4-triazole-3(4H)-ones (5a-d). All newly compounds, well characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral studies were tested for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Thiosemicarbazide derivatives (4a-d) were highly active in two antioxidant tests with 69.0-88.2% DPPH scavenging and 503-1257 μM TEAC values, while the others showed lower or no activity. The results of the two antioxidant tests correlated well. Moreover, Thiosemicarbazide derivatives (4a-d) also showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Mycobacterium smegmatis. Thiosemicarbazide group deserves attention in the synthesis of bioactive compounds.
- Derleme MakaleAçık Erişim2014Peripheral nerve conduits: Technology update
Arslantunali, D.; Dursun, T.; Yucel, D.; Hasirci, N.; Hasirci, V.
Peripheral nerve injury is a worldwide clinical problem which could lead to loss of neuronal communication along sensory and motor nerves between the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral organs and impairs the quality of life of a patient. The primary requirement for the treatment of complete lesions is a tension-free, end-to-end repair. When end-to-end repair is not possible, peripheral nerve grafts or nerve conduits are used. The limited availability of autografts, and drawbacks of the allografts and xenografts like immunological reactions, forced the researchers to investigate and develop alternative approaches, mainly nerve conduits. In this review, recent information on the various types of conduit materials (made of biological and synthetic polymers) and designs (tubular, fibrous, and matrix type) are being presented.
- MakaleYalnız künye2014Nonmedical Methods to Relieve Low Back Pain Caused by Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Descriptive Study in Northeastern Turkey
Cilingir, Dilek; Hintistan, Sevilay; Yigitbas, Cagla; Nural, Nesrin
Low back pain due to the effects of lumbar disc herniation is a common complaint of patients who often subsequently seek help from medical professionals. It is also a significant health problem which is quite difficult to treat. This descriptive study was conducted to determine nonmedical methods used by patients with lumbar disc herniation to relieve low back pain; the patients' intensity of low back pain when they were admitted to the hospital was also explored. Ninety-two patients with lumbar disc herniation participated in this study, which was carried out at a university hospital in northeastern Turkey. Data were collected using a patient information form and the visual analog scale (VAS). When the patients were admitted to hospital, their mean VAS score was 6.56 ± 2.45. The study results showed that as a first choice nearly all of the patients (94.6%) with lumbar disc herniation preferred consulting with their physicians before to obtain relief for low back pain. However, in addition to seeing their physician, more than one-half of these patients (57.6%) also used nonmedical methods. The primary nonmedical methods were hot/cold compresses, wrapping various substances on the back, and herbal preparations. An increase in pain was noted by 17.0% of patients after using nonmedical methods. Findings indicated that more than two-thirds of patients experienced either no change or an increase in pain after using nonmedical methods to find relief.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2014The Arabidopsis thaliana FASCICLIN LIKE ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEIN 4 gene acts synergistically with abscisic acid signalling to control root growth
Seifert, Georg J.; Acet, Tuba; Xue, Hui
Background and Aims The putative FASCICLIN-LIKE ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEIN 4 (At-FLA4) locus of Arabidopsis thaliana has previously been shown to be required for the normal growth of wild-type roots in response to moderately elevated salinity. However, the genetic and physiological pathway that connects At-FLA4 and normal root growth remains to be elucidated. Methods The radial swelling phenotype of At-fla4 was modulated with growth regulators and their inhibitors. The relationship of At-FLA4 to abscisic acid (ABA) signalling was analysed by probing marker gene expression and the observation of the At-fla4 phenotype in combination with ABA signalling mutants. Key Results Application of ABA suppresses the non-redundant role of At-FLA4 in the salt response. At-FLA4 positively regulates the response to low ABA concentration in roots and is required for the normal expression of ABA-and abiotic stress-induced genes. The At-fla4 phenotype is enhanced in the At-abi4 background, while two genetic suppressors of ABA-induced gene expression are required for salt oversensitivity of At-fla4. Salt oversensitivity in At-fla4 is suppressed by the CYP707A inhibitor abscinazole E2B, and salt oversensitivity in At-fla4 roots is phenocopied by chemical inhibition of ABA biosynthesis. Conclusions The predicted lipid-anchored glycoprotein At-FLA4 positively regulates cell wall biosynthesis and root growth by modulating ABA signalling.
- MakaleYalnız künye2014Attitudes towards HIV/AIDS patients and empathic tendencies: A study of Turkish undergraduate nursing students
Özakgül, Aylin Aktaş; Şendir, Merdiye; Atav, A. Serdar; Kiziltan, Belkiz
Background: Studies indicate that the attitudes of nurses, nursing students, and other health care professionals towards Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients are affected by cultural differences and the fear of HIV/AIDS infection, resulting in both negative attitudes and reluctance to care for these patients. Empathy is critical for all health professionals in the delivery of effective care. Research indicates that as empathic tendencies develop, so do better communication skills, better attitudes, and better quality of care. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among demographic factors, familiarity with HIV/AIDS, attitudes towards HIV/AIDS, and empathic tendencies in a Turkish sample of nursing students. Design and Methods: Using a non-experimental, correlational design, data on demographics, HIV/AIDS Attitude Scale (AAS) and the Scale of Empathic Tendency (SET) were collected. Participants: The study sample consisted of 614 undergraduate nursing students in two universities located in different geographic regions of Turkey. Results: The results of this study indicated that attitudes and empathic tendencies are related to knowledge and exposure to patients. As well, those students with more positive attitudes had higher empathic tendencies towards HIV/AIDS patients. Conclusions: It is important to adopt strategies to improve the empathic tendencies and attitudes of nursing students. These strategic changes would increase the quality of care provided to all patients.