Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yazarlar
- Uzun, Sevda(64)
- Merdan, Mehmet(47)
- Baltaci, Cemalettin(35)
- Kulakaç, Nurşen(28)
- Duran, Celal(27)
- Ozdes, Duygu(24)
- Turan, Ibrahim(24)
- Demir, Selim(23)
- Türkkan, Tuğba(22)
- Bayrakdaroglu, Serdar(21)
- Topal, Fevzi(21)
- Öztürk, Serkan(21)
- Ürkek, Bayram(21)
- Gücer, Mehmet Ali(20)
- Akar, Zeynep(19)
- Kaygusuz, Abdullah(19)
- Topal, Meryem(19)
- Anaç, Halil(18)
- Aydin, Aydanur(18)
- Batan, Nevzat(18)
- Erata, Hüseyin(18)
- Tuncer, Metin(18)
- Akyürek, Suat(17)
- Baltacı, Cemalettin(17)
- Karimullah, Suud Sarim(17)
- Acet, Tuba(16)
- Akar, Bülent(16)
- Ashyralyyev, Charyyar(16)
- Düzgün, Azer Özad(16)
- Hintistan, Sevilay(16)
- Yılmaz, Coşkun(16)
- Aliyazicioglu, Yuksel(15)
- Kaya, Hacer(15)
- Kurnaz, Muammer(15)
- Kurt, Kemal(15)
- Ozden, Talat(15)
- Yilmaz, Coskun(15)
- Yuksel, Ferhat(15)
- Yücel, Cem(15)
- Öz, Mehmet(15)
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2012The first record of the species Lacinius erinaceus Staręga, 1966 (Opiliones, Phalangiidae) in Turkey with some SEM studies on its morphology
Kurt, K.; Erman, Ö.K.
The harvestman species of Lacinius erinaceus Stare{ogonek}ga 1966, recorded for the first time in Turkey, is presented in this paper. The characteristic features of this species are described and illustrated and data regarding collecting sites and distribution all over the world are given. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies on the dorsal integument, dorsal habitus, chelicerae, pedipalpus, trident, the ocularium and legs of the specimens are also presented. Localities of the collecting sites are plotted on a map.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2012Construction stage analysis of Humber Suspension Bridge
Adanur, Süleyman; Günaydin, Murat; Altunişik, Ahmet Can; Sevim, Bariş
Suspension bridges are widely used as engineering structures to across long spans and give rise to the usage of domains under the bridge. In the finite element analyses of suspension bridges, it is assumed that the structure is built and loaded in a second. However, this type of analysis does not always give the reliable and healthy solutions. Because, construction period of this type of the structures continue along time and loads may be changed during this period. Therefore, construction stages and time dependent material properties should be considered in the analysis to obtain the reliable and healthy results. This paper presents the construction stage analysis of suspension bridges using time dependent material properties. For this purpose, Humber Suspension Bridge built near Kingston upon Hull, England is chosen as an example. Finite element model of the bridge is constituted using SAP2000 program considering project drawings. Geometric nonlinearities are taken into consideration in the analysis using P-Delta large displacement criterion. The time dependent material strength of steel and concrete and geometric variations are included in the analysis. Time dependent material properties are considered as compressive strength, aging, shrinkage and creep for concrete, and relaxation for steel. The structural response of the bridge at different construction stages has been examined. Two different finite element analyses with and without construction stages are carried out and results are compared with each other. As analyses result, variation of the displacement and internal forces such as bending moment, axial forces and shear forces for bridge deck and towers are given with detail. It can be seen from the study that there are some differences between both analyses (with and without construction stages) and the results obtained from the construction stages are bigger. So, it is thought that construction stage analysis using time dependent material properties and geometric nonlinearity should be considered in order to obtain more realistic structural response of suspension bridges.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2012Results after multivisceral resections of locally advanced colorectal cancers: An analysis on clinical and pathological t4 tumors
Gezen, Cem; Kement, Metin; Altuntas, Yunus E.; Okkabaz, Nuri; Seker, Mesut; Vural, Selahattin; Gumus, Mahmut; Oncel, Mustafa
Background: Locally advanced colorectal cancers are best treated with multivisceral resections. The aim of this study is to evaluate early and late results after multivisceral resections.Methods: All patients operated for primary colorectal cancer between 2001 and 2010 were -reviewed. These were compared within the patients underwent single organ and multivisceral resections: demographics, tumor and procedure related parameters, perioperative results, early oncological outcomes and 5-year survival.Results: A total of 354 patients (59.6 ± 13.8 years old, 210 [59.3%] males) were abstracted. Ninety (25.4%) patients underwent multivisceral resections for clinical T4 tumors and en-bloc R0 resection was achieved in 82 (91.1%). Only 31 (34.4% and 8.8% of clinical T4 and all cancers, respectively) cases had actual adjacent organ invasions (pT4). Males (20%) had lower risk for locally advanced tumors than females (33.3%) (p < 0.05). PT4 cancers were more common, if the clinical T4 tumor is located in the colon (48.8% vs 21.3%; p < 0.01). Laparoscopy was seldom initiated and the risk of conversion was higher in clinical T4 tumors (p < 0.05). The rates of sphincter-saving procedures were not different. Operation time, bleeding and transfusion requirements increased when multivisceral resections were necessitated (p < 0.05), but hospital stay, complications and 30-day mortality rates were similar. The 5-year survival rates were identical (p > 0.05).Conclusions: Clinical T4 tumors are not rare and more common in women. An actual invasion (pT4) may be observed in one third of all clinical T4 tumors, and more frequent in colon cancers. An en-bloc, R0, multivisceral resection may be achieved in most cases. Multivisceral resections do not alter the rates of sphincter-saving procedures, morbidity and 30-day mortality; do not worsen survival but increase operation time, intraoperative bleeding and perioperative transfusion requirements.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2012On the solutions fractional Riccati differential equation with modified Riemann-Liouville derivative
Merdan, Mehmet
Fractional variational iteration method (FVIM) is performed to give an approximate analytical solution of nonlinear fractional Riccati differential equation. Fractional derivatives are described in the Riemann-Liouville derivative. A new application of fractional variational iteration method (FVIM) was extended to derive analytical solutions in the form of a series for these equations. The behavior of the solutions and the effects of different values of fractional order α are indicated graphically. The results obtained by the FVIM reveal that the method is very reliable, convenient, and effective method for nonlinear differential equations with modified Riemann-Liouville derivative
- MakaleAçık Erişim2012Stability of difference schemes for fractional parabolic PDE with the Dirichlet-Neumann conditions
Cakir, Zafer
The stable difference schemes for the fractional parabolic equation with Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions are presented. Stability estimates and almost coercive stability estimates with ln (1 / ( + | h |)) for the solution of these difference schemes are obtained. A procedure of modified Gauss elimination method is used for solving these difference schemes of one-dimensional fractional parabolic partial differential equations.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2012Exergetic evaluation of speed and load effects in spark ignition engines; [Évaluation exergétique des effets de la vitesse et de la charge dans les moteurs à allumage par étincelle]
Sezer, I.; Bilgin, A.
This study investigates the effects of various operating conditions in spark ignition engines via an exergy analysis. A thermodynamic cycle model including compression, combustion and expansion processes was used for investigation. Induction and exhaust processes were computed with a simple approximation method. The principles of the second law were applied to the cycle model to perform the exergy analysis. Exergetic variables, i.e., the exergy transfers with heat and work, irreversibilities, thermomechanical exergy, fuel chemical exergy and total exergy were calculated in the exergy analysis. Variation of the exergetic parameters and the distribution of them into the fuel exergy were determined for various operating conditions, i.e., engine speed and load. The first and second law efficiencies and specific fuel consumption were also computed to reveal the optimum operating conditions. The results show that the exergy transfer with heat decreases and the exergy transfer with exhaust gases increases with increasing engine speed. Engine speed of 3 000 rpm gives the maximum exergy transfer as work, the minimum irreversibility and the best efficiency and fuel consumption. Exergy transfers with heat, work and exhaust and irreversibilities increase with increasing engine load. Additionally, the first and second law efficiencies increase and fuel consumption decreases with increasing engine load, so a high engine load gives the best efficiency and fuel consumption.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2012New considerations for empirical estimation of tensile strength of rocks
Gurocak, Zulfu; Solanki, Pranshoo; Alemdag, Selcuk; Zaman, Musharraf M.
In this paper, a combined laboratory and modeling study was conducted to develop a database for predicting tensile strength of rocks. Six hundred eighty six rock samples from 24 different sites throughout eastern Turkey were collected and tested for the development of this database and evaluation of models. A total of 512 samples were used for developing the models and the remaining 174 samples were used as control dataset. The material parameters selected in the development of the models include tensile strength (σ t), point load index (Is (50)), Schmidt rebound number (N) and unit weight (γ). A total of four models, two regression models, namely, simple linear regression and multiple regression, and two feed forward-type artificial neural network (ANN) models, namely, radial basis function network (RBFN) and multi-layer perceptron network (MLPN) are developed. A commercial software, Statistica 8.0, is used to develop these models. The strengths and weaknesses of the developed models were assessed by comparing the predicted σ t values with the experimental values with respect to the R 2 values. Overall, the MLPN model was found to be the best model for the present development and evaluation datasets. As a result of these analyses, an equation was suggested based on ANN model to estimate the tensile strength of rocks.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2012Probabilistic sensitivity analysis of two suspension bridges in Istanbul, Turkey to near- and far-fault ground motion
Çavdar, Ö.
The aim of this paper is to compare the near-fault and far-fault ground motion effects on the probabilistic sensitivity dynamic responses of two suspension bridges in Istanbul. Two different types of suspension bridges are selected to investigate the near-fault (NF) and far-fault (FF) ground motion effects on the bridge sensitivity responses. NF and FF strong ground motion records, which have approximately identical peak ground accelerations, of the Kocaeli (1999) earthquake are selected for the analyses. Displacements and internal forces are determined using the probabilistic sensitivity method (PSM), which is one type of stochastic finite element method. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed algorithm are validated by comparison with results of the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) method. The displacements and internal forces obtained from the analyses of suspension bridges subjected to each fault effect are compared with each other. It is clearly seen that there is more seismic demand on displacements and internal forces when suspension bridges are subjected to NF and FF ground motion.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2012Optimization of a new cloud point extraction procedure for the selective determination of trace amounts of total iron in some environmental samples
Duran, Celal; Özdeş, Duygu; Çelenk Kaya, Elif; Kantekin, Halit; Bulut, Volkan Numan; Tüfekçi, Mehmet
A new, simple, and rapid cloud point extraction (CPE) procedure system, combined with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), was developed for selective separation, preconcentration, and determination of trace amounts of total iron in some environmental samples. The complexing agent, N,N-(2,2 - (ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(2-chloroacetamide) (EDBOCA), is selective at pH 5.0 for only Fe(II) and Fe(III) ions in the presence of Cu(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), Mn(II), Co(II), Cr(III), Cr(VI), Ni(II), Zn(II), Al(III), Mo(VI), Pd(II), Pt(IV), Au(III), and V(V) ions. The procedure is based on the complexation of Fe(III) ions with EDBOCA reagent in the presence of Triton X-114 (TX-114) as a non-ionic surfactant. The optimum conditions for the CPE of Fe(III) ions were investigated with respect to several experimental parameters such as pH of the solution, TX-114 and EDBOCA concentrations, incubation time and temperature, and centrifugation rate and time. The detection limit for Fe(III) ions based on the 3 times the standard deviation of the blanks (N:10) was found to be 1.22 μg L ?1 , while the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 4.2%. Environment Canada TM-25.3 and CRM-SA-C Sandy Soil C, as certified reference materials, were used, and spike tests were applied to validate the method. The method was applied to some real environmental samples to evaluate their total iron levels.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2012Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of new phthalocyanine complexes and electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical behaviour of cobaltphthalocyanine
Kaya, Elif Çelenk; Karadeniz, Hülya; Koca, Atif; Kahriman, Nuran; Sökmen, Atalay
A novel phthalocyanine bearing oxygen donor atoms on the peripheral positions has been synthesised by cyclotetramerisation of (E)-4-(4- cinnamoylphenoxy) phthalonitrile and its nickel, zinc, cobalt, copper and lead derivatives prepared. The thermal stabilities of the phthalocyanine compounds have been determined and their possible biological activities (antibacterial, anticandidal and antifungal) studied. The effects of substituent on the electrochemical and in situ spectroelectrochemical behaviour of cobaltphthalocyanine have been investigated and an in situ electrocolorimetric method was applied to investigate the colour of the electrogenerated anionic and cationic forms of the complex.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2012Synthesis and characterization of new metallophthalocyanines bearing macrocyclic N 3O 2 groups on peripheral positions
Kaya, Elif Çelenk
The synthesis and characterization of new zinc(II) 3 , nickel(II) 4 and cobalt(II) 5 phthalocyanines complexes carrying macrocyclic N 3 O 2 groups on peripheral positions are described. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1 H and 13 C NMR, UV-Vis and MS spectral data.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2012Numerical Simulation of Fractional Fornberg-Whitham Equation by Differential Transformation Method
Merdan, Mehmet; Gökdogan, Ahmet; Yildirim, Ahmet; Mohyud-Din, Syed Tauseef
An approximate analytical solution of fractional Fornberg-Whitham equation was obtained with the help of the two-dimensional differential transformation method (DTM). It is indicated that the solutions obtained by the two-dimensional DTM are reliable and present an effective method for strongly nonlinear partial equations. Exact solutions can also be obtained from the known forms of the series solutions.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2012Alcohol Consumption Among Inflammatory Rheumatic Patients: A Survey From Turkey
Çay, H. Fatih; Illeez, Ozge; Kocabas, Hilal; Sezer, Ilhan; Kaptanoglu, Ece; Kaçar, Cahit
Objectives: In this study, we aimed to evaluate alcohol consumption of Turkish rheumatic patients. Patients and methods: A total of 332 subjects [185 males and 147 females; mean ages of 41.2 (95% CI 39.5-43.0) and 45.2 (95% CI 43.4-47.1) years, respectively] with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and healthy controls were questioned regarding their alcohol habits. Alcohol consumers were asked to fill out the Turkish version of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST). Results: A total of 37.3% of all subjects were alcohol consumers. Nearly 50% of males and 20% of females drank alcohol. Rheumatoid arthritis group had the lowest rate of alcohol consumption (23.0%), while healthy controls had the highest rate (45.6%). The mean MAST scores were 3.02 (95% CI: 2.36-3.69) and 3.13 (95% CI: 1.76-4.5) for the AS and RA groups, respectively, indicating statistically lower rate compared to the healthy controls [4.94 (95% CI: 4.14-5.73) (p<0.001)]. An analysis of the MAST scores by categories revealed that most of the alcohol abusers/alcoholics were in the healthy control group. Conclusion: Our results showed that alcohol consumption, an important public health problem, has not been regarded as a major issue for the patients with rheumatic diseases. Further studies are required to evaluate the potential factors which may play a role in the alcohol consumption habits of rheumatic patients.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2012Adaptive multi-step differential transformation method to solving nonlinear differential equations
Gökdogan, Ahmet; Merdan, Mehmet; Yildirim, Ahmet
In this paper, we propose a fast and effective adaptive algorithm for the multi-step differential transformation method (MsDTM). This approach named as the adaptive MsDTM is applied to a number of nonlinear differential equations and numerical results are given. At the same time, a comparison between the MsDTM and the adaptive MsDTM reveals that the proposed approach is an efficiency tool for solving the considered equations using fewer time steps. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Yüksek Lisans TeziAçık Erişim2011Enerji çeşitliliği ve Gümüşhane ili su potansiyelinin hidroelektrik enerji üretimi yönünden incelenmesi
Muhammet Eroğlu
Bu araştırmada, enerji kaynakları hakkında bilgi verilmiş, Gümüşhane ili su potansiyelinin üretebilecek elektrik enerjisinin potansiyel-ihtiyaç değişimi ayrıntılı olarak belirtilmiştir. Gümüşhane ilindeki derelerin çeşitli kurumlardan alınan bilgiler ve yaptığımız çalışmalarda elde ettiğimiz kot ve debi değerleri incelenerek enerji potansiyelleri üzerinde çalışma yapılmıştır.Birinci bölümde; Enerji kaynakları ve Türkiye'nin potansiyel gelişimi genel olarak incelenmiştir.İkinci bölümde; Gümüşhane ilindeki mevcut su potansiyelinin hidrolik ve hidrolojik özellikleri üzerinde araştırmalar yapılmış olup daha sonra elde edilen verilerlerden bu ilin akarsularının hidroelektrik potansiyelleri hesaplanmıştır.Üçüncü bölümde; Gümüşhane ilinin bir önceki bölümde hesaplanmış olan akarsuların brüt hidroelektrik potansiyelleri ile bulunan toplam potansiyelin değişik oranlarda kullanılabilmesi halinde ihtiyaç duyulan elektrik enerjisinin karşılanabilirliği araştırılmıştır.Dördüncü ve sonraki bölümde; yapılan çalışmaların sonuçları özetlenerek ileride alınması gereken önlemler konusunda bilimsel yaklaşımlar sunulmuştur. Gümüşhane ilinde brüt potansiyelin % 20-% 30 arasındaki oranlarda kullanıldığında kendi ihtiyaçlarını karşılamaktadır.Türkiye gelişmekte olan bir ülke ve ihtiyaç duydukları büyük miktardaki enerjiyi kendi öz kaynaklarından sağlamasının önemi vurgulanmaya çalışılarak, fosil ve yenilebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımının ülkemizin enerji politikasını belirlemede teşkil ettiği önem üzerinde durulmuştur. Kullanılmakta olan konvansiyonel enerji kaynaklarının toplumsal maliyetlerine değinilip, yenilebilir kaynaklar da çeşitli yönleriyle değerlendirilmeye alınması gerekmektedir.
- Yüksek Lisans TeziAçık Erişim2011Gümüşhane yöresi kalker örneğinin ince öğütülmüş agrega olarak beton bileşiminde kullanılabilirliği, taze betonun kıvamına ve beton basınç dayanımına etkisi
Mehmet Derviş Köse
Bu araştırmada, beton basınç dayanımı ve kıvamı üzerine kalker fillerinin etkisi incelenmiştir. Eleme ve öğütme ile elde edilen iki farklı incelikteki kalker, çimento kütlesinin %5, %10, %15 ve %20 oranlarında karışıma dâhil edilmiştir. Beton karışımına katılan ince taneli kalker malzeme, agrega ile birlikte ikâme edilmiştir. Agrega olarak da Gümüşhane Harşit Çayından alınan dere malzemesi kullanılmıştır. İnce kalker (filler) ve dere malzemesinden oluşan toplam agrega, çimento ve su miktarı beton karışımı içerisinde sabit tutulmuştur.Taze betonun kıvamını belirlemek amacıyla çökme (slamp) deneyi yapılmıştır. Üretilen beton numuneleri; 14, 28, 42 ve 56 gün suda bekletilerek basınç deneyine tabi tutulmuştur.Çalışma sonunda; ince taneli kalker katkı miktarı arttıkça taze beton çökme değeri düşmüş, beton kıvamı ?plastik-akıcı? halden, ?plastik? hale dönüşmüş ve beton basınç dayanımı yükselmiştir. Ayrıca katkı oranı %15 iken, basınç dayanımı en yüksek değerine ulaşmış, katkı oranı %20 iken de basınç dayanımı tekrar düşüş göstermiştir. Bütün deney numunelerinde, numune yaşına ve birim kütleye bağlı olarak basınç dayanımında yükselme görülmüştür.Anahtar Kelimeler: Elenmiş kalker, öğütülmüş kalker, kalker katkılı beton, taze beton kıvamı, beton basınç dayanımı, katkı oranı
- Yüksek Lisans TeziAçık Erişim2011İkizdere plütonunun (Kuzeydoğu-Türkiye) U-Pb jeokronolojisi, petrolojisi ve jeodinamik önemi
Özmen Evcimen
Bu çalışmada, İkizdere Plütonu'na ait (KD, Türkiye) jeokimyasal ve jeokronolojik bulguların sunulması, plütonu oluşturan magmanın kaynağı ve jeodinamik ortamın belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Plüton, granit, granodiyorit, tonalit, kuvars monzonit, diyorit ve gabroyik diyorit (SiO2=55.29-74.74 %ağ.) ana kayaçları ile monzonit, monzodiyorit ve monzo gabro (SiO2=50.63-61.65 %ağ.) bileşimli anklavlardan oluşmaktadır. Kayaçlar çoklukla düşük Mg# (<22-54)içeriğine sahiptir. SHRIMP U-Pb zirkon yaşlandırması, bu kayaçların yaklaşık 75 milyon yılda kristallenmiş olabileceklerine işaret etmektedir. Örnekler, yüksek-K kalk-alkalin ve kalk-alkalin bileşimsel yönseme ve I-tipi metaluminden peralumine doğru değişen özellik sunmaktadır. Kondrite göre normalize edilmiş NTE modelleri,örneklerin farklılaştığını [(La/Yb)n=2.43-16.40] ve zayıf Eu anomalisi sunduğunu (Eu/Eu*=0.46-0.99) göstermektedir. Plütona ait kayaçlar, büyük iyon yarıçaplı elementlerce (Ba, Th, Rb, K) önemli derecede zenginleşme gösterirken, yüksek alan enerjili elementlerce (Ti, Nb) tüketilmişlerdir. Tüm jeokimyasal özellikler, plütonun çarpışma sonrası genişlemeli rejimde, saf bir kıtasal kabuk ergiyiğinden türemiş olmayacağını, bunun aksine bir yitim ortamında hibrit bir magmadan kaynaklanmış olabileceğini göstermektedir. Bölgede, bu tarz yüksek-K bileşimli kayaçları oluşturan ergimeye, Geç Kretase yaşlı İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan okyanus kabuğunun Avrazya bloğu altına doğru yitmesi sırasında gelişen dinamik olaylar sebep olmuş olabilir. Böyle bir dinamik sistemde, yay gerisi ekstansiyonel olaylar, litosferik mantonun ergimesine ve dolayısıyla bazik magmanın oluşumuna neden olur. Söz konusu bazik magma, alt kabuğun altına yerleşerek büyük ölçüde ergimeye olanak sağlar. Böyle bir modelde, litosferik manto türevli bazaltik magma ve kabuksal kaynaklı daha felsik magma kabuksal derinliklerde karışır. Sonra, bu hibrid ergiyik, fraksiyonel kristallenme ve bir miktarda kabuksal asimilasyona maruz kalır; kabuğun sığ derinliklerine doğru yükselir ve gabroyik diyoritten granite kadar bileşim değişimi sunan plütonu oluşturur. Jeokimyasal ve SHRIMP U-Pb zirkon yaş verileri ile bölgesel jeolojik çalışmalar birleştirildiğinde, İkizdere Plütonunun, Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinin kuzeyinde yitimle ilişkili bir ortamda geliştiği ve bölgede yay gerisi ekstansiyonel periyodun 75-81 milyon yıllarında başlamış olacağı anlaşılmaktadır.
- Yüksek Lisans TeziAçık Erişim2011Eski Gümüşhane yöresinin jeolojisi ve Şenköy formasyonu (Erken-Orta Jura) içerisindeki kumtaşlarının petrografik ve jeokimyasal incelemesi
Levent Duygu
Çalışma, Eski Gümüşhane yöresini içerisine alan Trabzon H42-b2 paftasının jeolojik incelemesi ve Erken-Orta Jura yaşlı Şenköy formasyonu içerisindeki kumtaşlarının petrografik ve jeokimyasal özellikleri belirlenmesinden oluşmaktadır. Şenköy formasyonu inceleme alanında taban seviyelerinde konglomera ve silisleşmiş ağaç seviyelerinden oluşmaktadır. Yörede Şenköy formasyonu'nun en baskın litolojisi kömür ara seviyeleri ve kumtaşlarıdır. Şenköy formasyonu içerisindeki bu kumtaşları Jura öncesinde yer almış olan kaynak alanlarının petrografisi ve jeokimyası üzerinde önemli bilgiler saklamaktadırlar. İncelenen kumtaşlarında çatıyı oluşturan bileşenler kuvars, feldspat ve kayaç parçalarıdır. İncelenen kumtaşlarındaki kayaç parçaları asidik ve bazik kökenli olmak üzere iki ana grupta toplanabilirler. Bu kayaç parçalarının hem Jura öncesi temelde bulunması gereken volkanik kayaçlar hem de Erken Jura'da bölgede etkin olan bazik yay volkanizmasının ürünleri olabileceği belirlenmiştir. İncelenen kumtaşlarında felsik bileşenlerin oranını temsil eden Th ve U gibi iz elementler ile, mafik bileşenlerin oranını temsil eden Sc, Cr gibi iz elementler geniş aralıklar sunmaktadırlar. Bu durum kayaçların kaynak alanlarında felsik kayaçların yanı sıra önemli oranlarda mafik kayaçlarında bulunduğunu işaret etmektedir. İncelenen kumtaşlarının tüm kayaç jeokimyası ada yayı, aktif kıtasal kenar ve pasif kıtasal kenar gibi birden çok alana düşmektedir. Çalışılan kumtaşları Erken Jura'da yay gerisi konumda oldukları dikkate alındığında, kırıntılı kayaçların hem aktif volkanik yaydan hem de kıtadan malzeme alabilecek havzalarda çökeldikleri belirgindir. Çalışma alanında, Şenköy formasyonu içerisindeki çökeller içerisinde herhangi bir denizel fosil bulgusunun olmayışı, kömür ve bitki kırıntıları içeren seviyelerin ve silisleşmiş ağaçların varlığı, yersel ve yanal devamlılığı olmayan konglomera ve kumtaşlarının varlığı, çökellerdeki ani fasiyes değişimleri, incelenen kumtaşlarındaki bileşenlerin çoğunlukla köşeli olması, çok uzun mesafe taşınmamış olması ve kumtaşlarındaki silis çimento, bu çökellerin karasal bir ortamda çökeldiğini göstermektedir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2011Sexual function in male patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Özkorumak, E.; Karkucak, M.; Civil, F.; Tiryaki, A.; Özden, G.
Sexuality is an important part of healthy life. Patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) may be vulnerable to sexual problems because of disease activity and comorbid emotional problems. However, sexuality is a scarcely studied subject in AS. The aim of this study is to compare patients with AS with healthy control. A total of 43 male patients, who referred to the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of the Karadeniz Technical University Farabi Hospital between May 2010 and July 2010, and were diagnosed as AS according to modified New York criteria, were included in the study. Control group consisted of healthy 43 age-and sex-matched male individuals with normal inflammatory levels. The AS patients were compared in means of sociodemographic variables and sexual function with Glombok-Rust Sexual Satisfaction Scale (GRSSS) and clinical interview. Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to determine anxiety and depression levels, respectively. The disease activity and functional conditions were evaluated with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI) and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDI). A total of 43 patients with AS and 43 healthy heterosexual male were included in the study. The total GRSSS score was significantly higher in patients with AS, whereas they also had significantly higher sexual complaint than healthy control. The diagnosis of sexual dysfunction according to DSM-IV was significantly higher in the patients with AS as well as depression and anxiety. In study group, GRSSS total score was modestly correlated with disease activity. The psychological status had close relation with sexual functions in AS. Overall assessment is required for complete evaluation in patients with AS. International Journal of Impotence Research (2011) 23, 262-267; doi: 10.1038/ijir.2011.37; published online 4 August 2011
- MakaleAçık Erişim2011First Report of a Trilobite in the Carboniferous of Eastern Pontides, NE Turkey
Kandemir, Raif; Lerosey-Aubril, Rudy
The pre-Mesozoic basement of the Eastern Pontides consists of a Permo-Carboniferous sedimentary sequence including the Catalcesme and Hardisi formations. The Catalcesme Formation has yielded rich assemblages of fusulinids, corals, gastropods, brachiopods, bryozoans, algae, conodonts and plants. Hitherto trilobites were unknown from this formation; here we report the discovery of a pygidium from a dark grey limestone bed near the top. Trilobites are a minor component of benthic marine communities during the Late Pennsylvanian, and to our knowledge, the discovery of this pygidium constitutes the first report of their occurrence in deposits of this age in Turkey. The morphological characteristics of the specimen, especially the number of axial rings and pleural ribs and the well-defined border (Owens 1983), suggest that it probably belongs to an undescribed species of Ditomopyge Newell, 1931 (Ditomopyginae). It also exhibits a distortion of the posterior part of the axis, and a shortening (right side) or a fusion (left side) of some pleural ribs, which is tentatively interpreted as repaired injuries or the results of a developmental dysfunction.