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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2018Scopus SJRQ1
    Monetary Intelligence and Behavioral Economics Across 32 Cultures: Good Apples Enjoy Good Quality of Life in Good Barrels

    Tang, Thomas Li-Ping; Sutarso, Toto; Ansari, Mahfooz A.; Lim, Vivien Kim Geok; Teo, Thompson Sian Hin; Arias-Galicia, Fernando; Garber, Ilya E.; Chiu, Randy Ki-Kwan; Charles-Pauvers, Brigitte; Luna-Arocas, Roberto

    Monetary Intelligence theory asserts that individuals apply their money attitude to frame critical concerns in the context and strategically select certain options to achieve financial goals and ultimate happiness. This study explores the bright side of Monetary Intelligence and behavioral economics, frames money attitude in the context of pay and life satisfaction, and controls money at the macro-level (GDP per capita) and micro-level (Z income). We theorize: Managers with low love of money motive but high stewardship behavior will have high subjective well-being: pay satisfaction and quality of life. Data collected from 6586 managers in 32 cultures across six continents support our theory. Interestingly, GDP per capita is related to life satisfaction, but not to pay satisfaction. Individual income is related to both life and pay satisfaction. Neither GDP nor income is related to Happiness (money makes people happy). Our theoretical model across three GDP groups offers new discoveries: In high GDP (rich) entities, high income not only reduces aspirations-Rich, Motivator, and Power, but also promotes stewardship behavior-Budget, Give/Donate, and Contribute and appreciation of Achievement. After controlling income, we demonstrate the bright side of Monetary Intelligence: Low love of money motive but high stewardship behavior define Monetary Intelligence. Good apples enjoy good quality of life in good barrels. This notion adds another explanation to managers' low magnitude of dishonesty in entities with high Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) (risk aversion for gains of high probability) . In low GDP (poor) entities, high income is related to poor Budgeting skills and escalated Happiness. These managers experience equal satisfaction with pay and life. We add a new vocabulary to the conversation of monetary intelligence, income, GDP, happiness, subjective well-being, good and bad apples and barrels, corruption, and behavioral ethics.

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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2018Scopus SJRQ1
    A consensus linkage map of lentil based on DArT markers from three RIL mapping populations

    Ates, Duygu; Aldemir, Secil; Alsaleh, Ahmad; Erdogmus, Semih; Nemli, Seda; Kahriman, Abdullah; Ozkan, Hakan; Vandenberg, Albert; Tanyolac, Bahattin

    Background Lentil (Lens culinaris ssp. culinaris Medikus) is a diploid (2n = 2x = 14), self-pollinating grain legume with a haploid genome size of about 4 Gbp and is grown throughout the world with current annual production of 4.9 million tonnes. Materials and methods A consensus map of lentil (Lens culinaris ssp. culinaris Medikus) was constructed using three different lentils recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations, including CDC Redberry x ILL7502 (LR8), ILL8006 x CDC Milestone (LR11) and PI320937 x Eston (LR39). Results The lentil consensus map was composed of 9,793 DArT markers, covered a total of 977.47 cM with an average distance of 0.10 cM between adjacent markers and constructed 7 linkage groups representing 7 chromosomes of the lentil genome. The consensus map had no gap larger than 12.67 cM and only 5 gaps were found to be between 12.67 cM and 6.0 cM (on LG3 and LG4). The localization of the SNP markers on the lentil consensus map were in general consistent with their localization on the three individual genetic linkage maps and the lentil consensus map has longer map length, higher marker density and shorter average distance between the adjacent markers compared to the component linkage maps. Conclusion This high-density consensus map could provide insight into the lentil genome. The consensus map could also help to construct a physical map using a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome library and map based cloning studies. Sequence information of DArT may help localization of orientation scaffolds from Next Generation Sequencing data.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
    AtıfScopus31WoS14OpenAlex31
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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2018Scopus SJRQ1
    The effects of ownership concentration and institutional distance on the foreign entry ownership strategy of Turkish MNEs

    Ilhan-Nas, Tulay; Okan, Tarhan; Tatoglu, Ekrem; Demirbag, Mehmet; Glaister, Keith W.

    We investigate how ownership concentration and institutional distance both directly influence the equity-based ownership strategies of a sample of Turkish MNEs, and also how institutional differences moderate the link between ownership concentration and the equity-based ownership strategies of these firms. The findings suggest that neither ownership concentration nor institutional distance significantly affects the level of equity ownership. Although institutional distance variables have no direct effects on equity ownership, they tend to moderate the relationships between the ownership concentration and foreign equity ownership strategy of Turkish MNEs. In particular, we provide evidence that the regulative and normative dimensions of institutional distance affect the strength of the relationships between equity ownership strategy of MNEs and ownership concentration more so than the cognitive dimension of institutional distance.

    • SDG 16 · Barış, Adalet ve Güçlü Kurumlar
    AtıfScopus37WoS38OpenAlex42
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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2018Scopus SJRQ3
    PRODUCTION OF STRUCTURED LIPIDS FROM HAZELNUT OIL WITH CONJUGATED LINOLEIC ACID BY LIPASE-CATALYZED ESTERIFICATION: OPTIMIZATION BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

    Bakir, N.; Ilyasoglu, H.; Yucetepe, A.; Kasapoglu, K. N.; Demircan, E.; Ozcelik, B.

    The aim of this study was to synthesize structured lipid from hazelnut oil with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) by lipase-catalyzed esterification reaction. The incorporation of CLA into hazelnut oil was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Substrate molar ratio, time, and temperature were independent variables chosen for optimization of the reaction. Substrate molar ratio was the most significant variable on the incorporation of conjugated linoleic acid. Good quadratic model was achieved by multiple regression analysis and backward elimination. Optimal incorporation conditions were determined as follows: reaction temperature, 59 degrees C; time, 6 hours; substrate molar ratio, 4. Under these optimum conditions, a maximum incorporation ratio of CLA into hazelnut oil of 49.42% was achieved.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2018Scopus SJRQ2
    Automatic extraction of sparse trees from high-resolution ortho-images

    Bayram, Bulent; Seker, Dursun Zafer; Jamil, Akhtar; Reis, Hatice Catal; Demir, Nusret; Bozkurt, Salih; Ince, Abdulkadir; Kucuk, Turgay

    Obtaining information about tree species distribution in agricultural lands is a topic of interest for various applications, such as tree inventory, forest management, agricultural land management, crop estimation, etc. This information can be derived from images obtained from modern remote sensing technology, which is the most economical way as compare to field surveys covering large geographic areas. Therefore, in this study, a new method is proposed for extraction and counting of sparse and regular distributed individual pistachio trees from agricultural areas on large scale from high-resolution digital ortho-photo maps, which were obtained using an airborne sensor (Ultracam-X). The input images were first smoothed by applying Gaussian filter to reduce the impact of noise. Normalized difference vegetation indices (NDVI) were then derived to obtain vegetation areas followed by Otsu's global thresholding algorithm to obtain candidate tree areas. Further, connected component (CC) analysis was applied to segregate each object. Morphological processing was performed to fill holes within tree objects and get smooth contours, which were obtained by using the Moore-neighbor tracing method (MNTM) for each CC, while geometrical constraints were applied to undermine possible non-tree elements from output image. To further improve the segmentation results for sparse trees, a new method was applied, called quadratic local analysis (QLA). QLA helped to segment the trees, which were missed by the Otsu method due to low contrast and resulted in improved accuracy (3-6%). The obtained results were compared with well-known support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Proposed method produced slightly better results (1-5%) than SVM for extraction of pistachio trees and obtained accuracy for QLA and SVM were 96 and 91% for region 1, while 91 and 90% for region 2 respectively.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
    • SDG 15 · Karasal Yaşam
    AtıfScopus3WoS2OpenAlex3
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  • MakaleYalnız künye2017
    Aziz Nesin'in Farsçaya Çevrilen Eserleri Üzerinden Bir Okuma

    Bağrıaçık, Yeşim Işık

    Aziz Nesin İran’da en meşhur yabancı mizah yazarlarından biridir. 1965 yılından itibaren Farsçaya çevrilmeye başlayan eserleri bugün hâlâ farklı mütercimler tarafından yeniden çevrilmektedir. İran’da sol kesim yazarların dikkatini çeken Nesin’in kitaplarını; Samed Behrengi, Ahmed-i Şamlu, Semin Bağçeban ve Reza Hemrah gibi ünlü şair, yazar ve mütercimler çevirmiştir. İran’da Pehlevi hanedanının baskı ve zulmü yazarların bu dönemde tercüme eserlere yönelmesine sebep olmuştur. Söz konusu dönemde özellikle Türk yazarları arasından Aziz Nesin’in eserlerine bir ilgi olduğu görülmektedir. Devletin uygulamalarının yarattığı sorunlara karşı halkın tutumunu gözler önüne seren Nesin’in roman ve öyküleri, Pehlevi Hanedanı döneminde Farsçaya çevrilmeye başlamıştır. İran toplumunda gördüğü ilgi onun, üst sınıfın çıkarlarına hizmet eden bozuk düzenin kökten değişmesi gerektiğini savunması ve kişisel ilişkilerde, bürokrasi, sistem ve bazen de kişinin kendi içindeki çatışmayı farklı yönleriyle ele almasıyla ilişkilendirilebilir. Türk toplumundaki çarpık yapıları, siyasetteki yozlaşma ve bozuklukları dile getiren Nesin’in Türkiye’deki siyasi ve toplumsal eleştirilerinin, benzer bir süreçten geçen İran toplumuna da hitap ettiği anlaşılmaktadır. Aziz Nesin toplumun gülmeceye gereksinimi olmadığı dönemlerde gülmece edebiyatının başarılı olamayacağına inanmaktadır. Böyle durumlarda bu ihtiyacı yazarın kişisel yetenekleri ve gülmeceye olan yatkınlığının cevap vereceğine inanan yazar, İran’da siyasal baskının son derece fazla olduğu bir dönemde ilgi görmüştür. 1965 yılından itibaren Farsçaya tercüme edilmeye başlayan Aziz Nesin’in eserleri, İran İslam İnkılâbından önce daha çok Reza Hemrah adlı mütercim tarafından çevrilmiştir. İnkılâp sonrasında ise farklı mütercimlerin de Nesin’in eserlerine yöneldiği görülmektedir.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2017
    Bibliography of Philosophical Journals (VII): "Baykuş. Felsefe Yazıları Dergisi"

    Somuncuoğlu, Seda Özsoy; Öztürk, Ümit

    This study includes the bibliographical data of the journal of "Baykuş. Felsefe Yazıları Dergisi" is an integral part of a research project in progress. The essential aim of this project is to constitute a network about philosophical journals published in Turkey. In this context, before realizing the network in its taproots, it is adopted to be much more convenient to make up a detailed bibliographical presentation of each individual philosophical journal published from past to present in order to obtain a critical feedback from researchers whose studies are also apparent in the parallel fields and disciplines.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2017
    Carl Schmitt's Critique of Liberalism

    Yeşilçayır, Celal

    Having looked at history of political opinion, in addition to pilosophers who is defender popular political paradigm of that period, there are philosophers who objects to that view trying to suggest alternative theory. The first half of 20th century Carl Schmitt is one of thinkers criticising radically to political view widespried in Europa. Undoubtedly, he criticises mainly parliamentary democracy, pluralistic and liberal theories. In this paper, his criticisms raised againist liberal political theories are discussed in the context of why and how questions He, with reference to political formation in that period, believes that pluralistic and liberal theories were to blame for politic/social problems. He does not ignore apply to philosophical justification frequently keeping in mind history of philosopyh in his criticisms. His primary sources of inspiration are political philosophies of Hobbes and Hegel. In addition to this, problematic relationship between Schmitt and national socialism is dealt with in that paper.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2017
    Human and Personality in Nurettin Topçu

    Kösedağ, Sinan

    Bu makalede, çağdaş Türk düşüncesinin önemli ismi Nurettin Topçu'nun insan ve şahsiyet hakkındaki düşünceleri ele alınacaktır. Bu bağlamda makalede Nurettin Topçu'nun insan ve şahsiyet sahibi olmaya dair düşünceleri, onun felsefesinin önemli kavramları olan irade, hareket, isyan ahlakı, şahsiyet kavramları temelinde açıklanacak ve nasıl bir insan anlayışına sahip olduğu ortaya konulacaktır.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2017
    Halide Edip as a Novelist who has Monologic Discourse: Vurun Kahpeye and Zeyno'nun Oğlu Samples

    Uyar, Fatih

    The introduction of the novel into Turkish literature coincided with the Tanzimat period. In this period, literature gains functionality through the mission of educating and transforming society, the novel was also affected by this mission. The novel that has facility to reflect all stages of society and social events, takes route according to its writer's style and the period when it was written. Halide Edip as a novelist of the republic period is seen as a novelist who undertook certain missions for the formation of the society and construction of the national identity in the transition period from emperorship to nation state. The writer who wrote with the conscious of creating a new nation builds her works with the approach which is qualified as a "monologic discourse" and she wrote on the cases like "Independence War" and "Greek Occupation". In this study, Halide Edip's Vurun Kahpeye and Zeyno'nun Oğlu novels are going to be analyzed in the context of firstly Bakhtin's polyphony theory in novel and secondly the methodology as the means of construction of meaning developed by Thompson. Thus it is going to be explained the interaction between Halide Edip's style and discourse.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2017
    Plague, Cholera and Epidemics: Public Health and Public Health Institutions in Trabzon (1804-1895)

    Yilmaz, Ozgur

    Owing to its geopolitical position, Trabzon was one of the most important trade centres of the empire in the 19th century. Therefore, epidemic diseases in this century could easily spread because of connection both by sea with other port cities and by land with Eastern Anatolia and Persia. Previously, the main source of these outbreaks was plague; but in the middle of the century plaque replaced by cholera epidemics, which made significant destruction in the city. Another source of epidemics was the mass migrations towards the city. Due to this situation of the city, Trabzon became one of the places where the quarantine system was first installed. As the most important health institution in the city for a long time, Trabzon Quarantine Station performed important duties during these epidemic periods. However, because quarantine was inadequate especially during the mass migration periods after the Crimean War, other quarantines were established and other health precautions were taken. In the context of epidemic diseases affecting public health in Trabzon, this study aims to give information about preventive health measures and other measures taken in the city.

    AtıfTR Dizin8
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  • MakaleYalnız künye2017
    Sociology of the Body: How? Why?

    Bingol, Orhan

    Individual and society had been evaluated with factors which are out of body for the recent past. Individuals who construct and promote social by their economic, social and cultural acts performed these acts as if their bodies are non-exist. On the other hand, society was generally associated with status and roles, hierarchies, various functions and conflicts of individuals. In this manner, sociology missed reality and value of the body and so as if it designs abstract individuals and societies. However, body is an essential level to live and institutionalize basic social relations. Any individuals cannot socialize and create social units without their bodies. In this sense, body nearly equals to social individual and it constitutes one of the smallest parts of the society. Therefore to separate body which has biological as well as cultural character from social individuals and structures and to make sociology without body does not appear possible. Sociology of the body investigates the inseparable association between individual and society. Development of the field is directly related with fluctuations, functions and positions of body in modern society. In this direction, why is body value? What are the measures to determine value of the body? Does body in what kind of change process within historical/social context? Does this actualize with which developments and what does this come with? This kind of questions summarize that how and why have sociology of the body been done?.

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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2017
    Health with Sociological Prescriptions

    Bingol, Orhan

    Existence and continuity of social structure is dependent on unrivaled conditions. Necessity of continuance of society as healthily is the most important of these conditions. In this regard health resembles compulsory life insurance for society. Therefore health-oriented studies have continued thereby specializing, gaining autonomy and increasing until today. Medicine constitutes important part of the health studies. Medicine as a necessary science, a professional occupation and interfering power about diseases and health maintains its importance. So opinion that diseases and health must be completely looked from medicine front is inferred. This opinion consolidates medical monopoly in healthcare field. Physicians and medicine have nearly all drugs of diseases and health. The opinion which is right but deficit gets health into medical world. In fact health is not only medical subject. Especially in recent years, changing structure of diseases and health and renewal approach toward them confirm existing changes. For example list of diseases have been rapidly updated, some diseases has been added and some others has been canceled to the list. Similarly thoughts originating from health always develop and go into more depth. Margin of inequality becomes clearer in health. Main causes of this situation can be connected with advances in science or rapid technological progress. However the essential connection occurs between renewed social development, life standard and transformation of medical paradigm. Cultural face of health which has already existed since before now becomes more apparent with modern social life. At the same time, medicine loosens inclination of retention of health by it and it makes further room for sociological side of the health. Sociology also exists in health from now on. This article views relevant chance in health. This change is concerned with medicine, society, sociology, and sociology of health. Therefore judgment of 'the address of diseases and health is not only medicine, but also sociology' reflects main argument of this article.

    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
    AtıfOpenAlex1
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  • MakaleYalnız künye2017
    Hikikomori: The Problematic of Escape and Isolation of the Modern Culture from Social Reality to Digital Orientations

    Demir, Sertaç Timur

    This paper deals with the phenomenon Hikikomori that has risen especially in Japan and other far-east countries and has acquired a global dimension each passing day. Hikikomori, which defines those who lock themselves in their room and who never go out of the room under the influence of socialisation factors such as education, occupation and family, can be interpreted as a symptom of technology and competition-based modern culture; so much so that today numerous parents even in Turkey complain about their children who are isolated to their world, who cannot communicate, who do not take responsibility and who lose themselves in technology-related orientations such as virtual identities in social networks, computer games, electronic consumption and online gambling. The case of Hikikomori that has been increased among the youth indicates both withdrawal and disengagement from external world. This article that aims to examine the causes as well as results of Hikikomori analyses the Japanese society-centred question as a sort of common trend that touches upon the contemporary world beyond locality. That is why, although essential references of this qualitative study is based on the far-eastern texts and films, its arguments and findings are about the liquid and fragile modernity that covers Turkish society.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2017
    Uluslararası finansal raporlama standartlarının finansal raporlama kalitesi üzerindeki etkisine yönelik bir araştırma

    Tosunoğlu, Büşra; Cengiz, Selim

    Bu çalışmanın amacı, Uluslararası Finansal Raporlama Standartlarının (UFRS) finansal raporlama kalitesi üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda panel regresyon analizi ile Borsa İstanbul (BİST) İmalat sektöründe faaliyet gösteren 50 şirketin UFSR Öncesi ve UFRS Sonrası (20052008) dönemlere ilişkin verileri kullanılarak UFRS'nin finansal raporlama kalitesi üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, şirketlerin finansal raporlama kalitesinde UFRS'den sonra genel olarak anlamlı bir artış olduğu söylenebilir

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2017
    Development of beet sugar industries in the world and the example of alpullu sugar factory

    Damlıbağ, Fatih

    Andraeas Sigismond Marggraf discovered sugar from beet, instead of historically important cane. Although commercial potential; beet sugar did not attract attention of entrepreneurs for fifty years, up until to Napoleonic Wars. But later, due to the war and commerce difficulties, beet sugar production was rapidly spread in Continental Europe. After France, Germany and Austria, beet sugar crossed Atlantic and reached USA. From the middle of 19th century up to 1930's, competition in between beet and cane sugar continuously lasted. In this fierce competition, sometimes beet and sometimes cane became successful. As to Turkey, newly establishing sugar industry was founded over sugar beet, because of climatic and geographic conditions. Turkish government enacted supporting laws to promote new entrepreneurs to sugar industry. With encouraging attitude of government, Mehmet Şakir Kesebir and his friends founded a company to build and manage Alpullu Sugar Factory in 1925. Factory was established with German technology. Thracian peasants were educated for cultivation of sugar beet to supply raw material needs. This new but profitable agriculture type was quickly become popular among Thracian villagers. On the other hand, factory management tried to attain a strong place in local market. After ten years operation, factory was nationalized by establishment of Turkish Sugar Industries Incorporation.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2017
    Türk İslam Edebiyatında Manzum Hicretnâmeler ve Mustafâ Fevzî b. Nu˘mân’ın “Hicret-i Habîb-i Rabbü’l- Âlemîn” Başlıklı Mesnevisi

    Kiremitçi, Ferdi

    Türk İslam edebiyatındaki dinî-edebî türlerin genellikle Hz. Muhammed üzerinde yoğunlaştığı görülmektedir. Bu türlerden biri de manzum hicretnâmelerdir. Bu türdeki eserler, çoğunlukla Hz. Muhammed'in miladî 622 yılında Mekke'den Medîne'ye göçünü anlatan manzum metinlerdir. Türk İslam edebiyatındaki müstakil manzum hicretnâmelerin bilinen tek örneği Süleymân Nahîfî'ye aittir. Ancak, edebiyatımızın farklı dönemlerinde bu konuda yazılmış pek çok şiir ve manzume bulunmaktadır. Hatta, bazı klasik şairlerimiz divan ya da mesnevilerinin bir bölümünü bu olayı anlatmaya tahsis etmişlerdir. Bu çalışma giriş ve onu izleyen üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın giriş kısmında hicret kavramının tanımı yapılmış ve Hz. Muhammed'in hicret olayı özetlenmiştir. Çalışmanın birinci bölümünde, hicret konusunun edebiyatımızın farklı dönemlerinde nasıl ele alındığından bahsedilmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde, manzum hicretnâmelerin müstakil veya bölüm hâlindeki örnekleri tanıtılmıştır. Çalışmanın üçüncü bölümünde ise türün önemli örneklerinde biri olan Hicret-i Habîb-i Rabbü'l-Âlemîn adlı mesnevinin tahlili ve metin neşrine yer verilmiştir. Bu çalışmayla edebiyat tarihi kaynaklarımızda adı geçen fakat bir bütün hâlinde daha önce değerlendirilmeyen manzum hicretnâmeler üzerinde durulmuş, çalışmanın dinîedebî türler hakkında mesai harcayan araştırmacılara ve Hz. Muhammed'in hicretini manzum olarak bir kez daha hatırlamak isteyen okuyuculara katkı sunması amaçlanmıştır

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2017
    Turunçgil Kabuklarından Elde Edilen Pektinlerin Karakterizasyonu ve Karşılaştırılması

    Akpinar, Ozlem; Güzel, Melıh

    Pektin, gıda endüstrisinde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir polisakkarittir. Farklı metilasyon derecelerine sahip Dgalakturonik asit moleküllerinin ?(1,4) glikozidik bağlarla birbirlerine bağlanmasıyla oluşan lineer bir polimerdir. Bu çalışmada limon, mandalina, portakal ve greyfurt turunçgil kabuklarından elde edilen pektinlerin fizikokimyasal, yapısal ve termal özellikleri incelenmiştir. Pektin üretimi için, turunçgil kabukları sitrik asit çözeltisinde (pH 1) ekstrakte edilmiş ve ekstrakte edilen pektin etanol ile çökeltilmiştir. Tüm pektin örneklerinin yüksek metoksilli pektin olduğu, limon ve portakal kabuklarından elde edilen pektinlerin diğer pektin örneklerinden daha iyi jel gücü ve sıvı tutma kapasitesine sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Portakal kabuğundan elde edilen pektinin termal stabilitesi daha yüksek iken limon ve greyfurt kabuğundan elde edilen pektinlerin diğer pektinlere kıyasla daha organize bir yapıya sahip olduğu görülmüştür.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2017
    Growth Strategies in SMEs: A Study on SMEs of Erzurum, Erzincan and Bayburt

    Tatli, Yasemin; Demirdöğen, Osman

    In the highly competitive environment of globalization which emerged as a result of dynamic structures and innovations with flexible decision-making, showing easily adaptation to changing patterns of demand; the Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) which have lower investment and as a result are less affected by economic fluctuations are seen as a key element in country's sustainable economic development’s goals. Growth, competitive advantage, the achievement of social objectives, adding value to the national economy at the same time survival and being successful are main goals of SMEs. This study was conducted in Erzurum, Erzincan and Bayburt’s SMEs. The aims of this study are to declare the causes and growth objectives of SMEs, determine the existence or non-existence of a strategy to achieve this goals, demonstrate growth strategy if there is any and show the importance of growth strategy

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2017
    Digital Media Literacy: Problems, Practices and Expectations

    Özcan, Ali

    While having various tools was a necessity in order to read book /newspaper/magazine, to watch television/movie, to listen to music, and to play video games until a few years ago, it is now possible to join all these events simultaneously through just one device depending on developments in communication technologies. These innovations and accessibility make media integrated life style possible, and turn ‘the virtual world’ into real space in which society itself comes into being. Individual, who plays passive parts as viewer/reader/listener in traditional media, however improves his/her position as participant/producer in the new media. At this point, it is crucial to grow responsible people who has heightened awareness, who are critical and who are able to take decisions actively about issues on the new media, as total of changes in medium/instrument itself, consumer/individual and communication style. For this reason, the media literacy that has applied in tradition media such as newspaper, radio and television should be integrated into the new media milieu such as internet, social network and mobile media. In developing and diversifying new media milieu taking active role of individuals, creating awareness regarding tools, making sense of contents and interpreting them in critical perspective are the most significant matters. While printed texts’ literacy is prerequisite for fitting into society, literacy in the present-day new communication media has been basic condition of complete and accurate enlightenment against the intensive information bomb. In this study, the necessity of transformation of the phenomenon ‘literacy’ from traditional to the new media is discussed through the new media literacy applications

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