Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yazarlar
- Uzun, Sevda(87)
- Merdan, Mehmet(70)
- Duran, Celal(56)
- Baltaci, Cemalettin(52)
- Kulakaç, Nurşen(51)
- Ozdes, Duygu(51)
- Kaygusuz, Abdullah(47)
- Öztürk, Serkan(42)
- Demir, Selim(40)
- Karsli, Orhan(37)
- Turan, Ibrahim(37)
- Dokuz, Abdurrahman(36)
- Gücer, Mehmet Ali(36)
- Sipahi, Ferkan(36)
- Araz, Onur(35)
- Kandemir, Raif(31)
- Vural, Alaaddin(31)
- Topal, Fevzi(30)
- Kurt, Kemal(29)
- Ürkek, Bayram(29)
- Maden, Nafiz(28)
- Acet, Tuba(27)
- Alemdag, Selcuk(26)
- Arslan, Mehmet(26)
- Ayaydin, Hasan(26)
- Akaryali, Enver(25)
- Aydin, Faruk(25)
- Baltacı, Cemalettin(25)
- Yücel, Cem(25)
- Akar, Zeynep(24)
- Barut, Abdulkadir(24)
- Ozturk, Samet(24)
- Pala, Fahrettin(24)
- Peker, Iskender(24)
- Topal, Meryem(24)
- Yildiz, Salih(24)
- Öz, Mehmet(24)
- Aliyazicioglu, Yuksel(23)
- Bostan, Sedat(23)
- Kankal, Murat(23)
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2024Islamic Law and Human Rights: Convergence or Conflict?
Ibrahim, Zumiyati Sanu; Karimullah, Suud Sarim; Sulastri; Gönan, Yavuz; Okur, Hüseyin
The background of this study is rooted in the significance of human rights as a universal principle, which often faces challenges when applied within the context of Islamic law. The main issue is the incompatibility between some practices of Islamic law and the principles of human rights, which raises the question of how these two legal systems can interact without compromising their fundamental values. This study aims to explore the relationship between Islamic law and human rights, understand the challenges arising from differences in interpretation and implementation, and offer solutions to bridge these differences. This study uses a qualitative method combining text analysis, literature, and secondary data better to understand the concept of human rights in Islam and identify areas of potential conflict. The results show that the relationship between Islamic law and human rights is complex, where potential conflicts and convergence efforts coexist. Despite potential conflicts, the values of justice, equality, and human dignity in Islam align with Human Rights principles. However, differences in interpretation and implementation of the law can be a significant source of tension. This study highlights the importance of an approach rooted in cross-cultural and religious dialogue, as well as respect for diversity, to achieve a more harmonious convergence between Islamic law and universal human rights.
AtıfScopus11OpenAlex3
İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2024Scopus SJRQ1The effect of a cognitive behavioural intervention package on peripheral venous cannulation pain, fear and anxiety in Paediatric patients: A randomised controlled trial
Demir Imamoglu, Zeynep; Aytekin Ozdemir, Aynur
Purpose: This study investigated the effect of a cognitive behavioural intervention package (CBIP) on peripheral venous cannulation (PVC) pain, fear and anxiety in paediatric patients aged 7–12 years. Design and methods: This randomised controlled trial included 77 paediatric patients (intervention: n = 39 and control: n = 38). The control group underwent a routine PVC procedure, whereas the intervention group attended the CBIP while undergoing a PVC procedure. Data were collected using a sociodemographic form, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Wong–Baker FACES (WB-FACES) Pain Rating Scale, the Children's Fear Scale (CFS) and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children–State Form (STAIC–State). The participants, their caregivers and the researcher scored PVC pain, fear and anxiety levels. The study was approved by an ethics committee. Informed consent was obtained from caregivers, and verbal consent was obtained from children. Results: No significant difference in pre-procedural CFS scores were noted between the CBIP and control groups (p > 0.05). However, the CBIP group had significantly lower mean procedural pain (VAS and WB-FACES), fear (CFS) and anxiety (STAIC–State) scores than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The CBIP helped children experience less PVC pain, fear and anxiety. Practice implications: Nurses can use the CBIP to help reduce PVC pain, fear and anxiety in children. Clinical trials registration: The study was registered at Clinical-Trials.gov (NCT06018909).
AtıfScopus9WoS8OpenAlex9
İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ4A New Harvestman Genus Record for Turkey: Kovalius Tchemerl;s, 2023 (Opl;ll;ones: Sclerosomatidae, Leiobuninae)
Kurt, Kemal
The genus Kovalius is recorded as new for the Turkish harvestman fauna by the collection of Kovalius logunoviTchemeris, 2023 from Kürtün district of Gümüşhane province, Turkey. Brief morphological descriptions are provided for the newly record species. Also, the genital morphology of the female was described and photographed for the first time.
AtıfScopus1OpenAlex1İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ2U–Pb zircon dating, Sr-Nd whole-rock and Lu-Hf zircon isotope analyses of the Eocene Arslandede pluton, Eastern Pontides, NE Turkey: Implications for mantle source and magma evolution
Kaygusuz, Abdullah; Güloğlu, Zikrullah Samet; Aydınçakır, Emre; Yücel, Cem; Vural, Alaaddin; Siebel, Wolfgang; Jeong, Youn-Joong
The Eastern Pontide Orogenic Belt (EPOB) hosts numerous plutonic bodies with different dimensions, compositions and ages ranging from Paleozoic to Late Eocene in NE Turkey. U-Pb zircon dating suggests that the Arslandede pluton crystallized at 44.50 ± 0.29 Ma, corresponding to the Lutetian (Middle Eocene) period. Rocks of this pluton have monzonitic character, with compositions ranging from monzodiorite to granite (SiO2 = 49˗71 wt%). The studied monzonitic rocks have I-type, metaluminous and shoshonitic character and are enriched in large-ion lithophile elements (LILEs). The rare earth elements (REEs) have concave up shape (LaN/YbN = 6.64–11.57) and show negative to slightly positive Eu anomalies (EuN/Eu* = 0.37–1.24). 87Sr/86Sr(i) values of 0.704801–0.705102 and εNd(i) values of 1.01–1.34 correspond to the mantle series on isotope ratio diagrams. Positive εHf(i) values (5.01–14.91) plot between the depleted mantle and the chondritic evolution lines. The petrological features of the rocks from the Arslandede pluton show that fractional crystallization with low rates of assimilation and/or magma mixing were effective during crystallization. All data show that the magma source of the pluton derived from an enriched lithospheric mantle and emplaced into the crust after differentiation in a deep seated magma chamber contaminated by relatively small proportions of crustal rocks.
AtıfScopus5WoS6OpenAlex7İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ2Earthquake diaries: Psychosocial difficulties and life experiences of nurses working in the disaster zone after the earthquake: A phenomenological study
Emirza, Elif Güzide; Uzun, Sevda; Şenses, Medine
Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychosocial difficulties and life experiences of nurses working in the disaster area following the earthquake on February 6, Kahramanmaraş centered earthquake with a phenomenological approach. Background: After natural disasters such as earthquakes, nurses play a significant role in providing both physical and psychosocial support. Therefore, the experiences of nurses in this field are necessary both to support them and to assist disaster survivors. Materials and Methods: In this study, in which the phenomenological research method was used, semi-structured in-depth interviews with 18 nurses who provided health care services during the February 6 Kahramanmaraş earthquake were conducted between January and February 2024 via Whatsapp mobile application. Snowball sampling method was used to reach the sample group. Interviews continued until data saturation was achieved. All interviews were audio recorded and then transcribed. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The study was conducted and reported according to the COREQ checklist. Results: Data analysis revealed two themes (psychological and social difficulties caused by the earthquake, traumatic stress and coping experiences as a nurse) and five sub-themes (social difficulties, psychological difficulties, traumatic events, reactions and coping). Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was determined that nurses providing health care services were negatively affected psychosocially by the traumatic stress situations they experienced in the earthquake centered in Kahramanmaraş on February 6. It was determined that nurses had great difficulty in coping with the traumatic stress situations they experienced. It was concluded that the February 6 earthquake caused secondary traumatization in nurses.
AtıfScopus21WoS20OpenAlex24İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ2A hybrid method to solve a fractional-order Newell–Whitehead–Segel equation
Bektaş, Umut; Anaç, Halil
This paper solves fractional differential equations using the Shehu transform in combination with the q-homotopy analysis transform method (q-HATM). As the Shehu transform is only applicable to linear equations, q-HATM is an efficient technique for approximating solutions to nonlinear differential equations. In nonlinear systems that explain the emergence of stripes in 2D systems, the Newell–Whitehead–Segel equation plays a significant role. The findings indicate that the outcomes derived from the tables yield superior results compared to the existing LTDM in the literature. Maple is utilized to depict three-dimensional surfaces and find numerical values that are displayed in a table.
AtıfScopus8WoS6OpenAlex4İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ1Assessment of the antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory activities and some quality characteristics of Kaşar cheese produced by probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus
Gürmeriç, Hüseyin Ender; Şengül, Mustafa; Erkaya-Kotan, Tuba
In this study, four types of Kaşar cheese were produced using raw milk (C), starter culture (Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus) (S), starter culture + probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 (SLA), and probiotic L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 (LA) were produced and ripened at 6 ± 2 °C for 150 days. The physicochemical, microbiological, proteolysis, electrophoretic (Urea-PAGE), ACE-inhibitory, and antioxidant activity analyses of vacuum-packed Kaşar cheeses were performed on 5, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 days of ripening. During ripening, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were detected in total solids, fat, and protein values of Kaşar cheeses. Titratable acidity, water-soluble nitrogen (WSN), ripening index (RI), and electrophoresis results of cheese samples showed an increase while pH values decreased. Also, the degradation products of αs1-casein were higher than those of β-casein. The number of probiotic L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 after scalding decreased by an average of 1.57 log cfu/g. However, probiotic bacteria count increased during ripening and maintained their viability. The addition of L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 improved the bioactivity, electrophoresis, titratable acidity, and ripening index results of Kaşar cheese. ACE-inhibitory activity of Kaşar cheeses increased during ripening and had the highest value on the 150th day of ripening. Furthermore, antioxidant activity of Kaşar cheeses increased on the 60th day of ripening and then decreased. Consequently, the combination of probiotic bacteria and starter culture had a positive effect on the physicochemical, microbiological, and proteolytic properties of Kaşar cheese.
AtıfScopus10WoS9OpenAlex11İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ1A different look at the environmental Kuznets curve from the perspective of environmental deterioration and economic policy uncertainty: evidence from fragile countries
Anwar, Ahsan; Barut, Abdulkadir; Pala, Fahrettin; Kilinc-Ata, Nurcan; Kaya, Emine; Lien, Duong Thi Quynh
Environmental degradation is one of the most significant issues that developing nations confront and needs to be resolved right away in order for them to achieve sustainable development. Government policies are crucial in this situation since emerging nations frequently struggle with the issue of policy ambiguity, which can result in environmental deterioration. In this context, this study investigates how policy uncertainty affects environmental degradation in the five fragile emerging economies known as the Fragile Five—Brazil, India, Indonesia, South Africa, and Turkey. Using data from 1996 to 2019, we estimate a Panel Quantile Regression analysis. The empirical findings indicate that economic policy uncertainty and technology innovation increases the environmental degradation whereas environmental degradation is slowed down by financial development and renewable energy consumption. Empirical evidence also confirms the presence of EKC hypothesis in fragile economies. Based on the findings, we suggest both a policy and an environmental framework for achieving sustainable development in fragile economies. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.)
AtıfScopus39WoS43OpenAlex50İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ1Transit warehouse location selection by IF AHP- TOPSIS integrated methods for disaster logistics: A case study of Turkey
Yesilcayir, Nigar; Ayvazoglu, Gulsah; Celik, Sefa; Peker, Iskender
Disasters; like earthquakes, fires, floods, wars, etc., are totally undesired events because they can cause unforeseen enormous physical, economic and social losses. In this respect, disaster logistics is crucial in providing fast and effective humanitarian aid at the lowest cost and with no profit motive in case of these unpredictable events. There are many supporting elements to achieve this goal and one of them is building transit warehouses. The aim of this study is to select the most suitable transit warehouse location in the Province of Hatay, Turkey. The weights of the criteria are determined by Intuitionistic Fuzzy AHP and the alternatives are ranked by Intuitionistic Fuzzy TOPSIS. The results show that “Emergency Cases and Natural Disaster” is the most important criterion and Alternative 3 (Kırıkhan) is the best location for the transit warehouse.
AtıfScopus19WoS16OpenAlex12İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ4Mineral chemistry, petrography and crystallization conditions of the Middle Eocene Kazıkbeli Pluton (Eastern Pontides, NE Türkiye)
Güloğlu, Zikrullah Samet; Kaygusuz, Abdullah; Aydinçakir, Emre; YÜCELc, Cem
The Eastern Pontides host a diverse suite of plutonic rocks spanning a wide range of ages and compositions. Among these, the Middle Eocene Kazıkbeli pluton, located in the Kürtün district of Gümüşhane, stands out due to its distinctive petrological characteristics. This study aims to unravel the petrological implications of petrographic and mineral chemical data to determine the physicochemical conditions (temperature, pressure, oxygen fugacity) under which the Kazıkbeli magma crystallized and was emplaced. By integrating mineral chemical data, we seek to quantify emplacement pressure, crystallization temperature, and oxygen fugacity. A comprehensive understanding of the genetic relationships and physicochemical properties of the Kazıkbeli pluton rocks, as determined through geological, petrographic and mineral chemistry, is crucial for elucidating the geological evolution of the Eastern Pontides. The Kazıkbeli Pluton exhibits a predominant NE-SW orientation and encompasses an area of roughly 46 km2. Modal mineralogical analysis reveals a compositional spectrum ranging from gabbroic diorite to monzogranite, with granodiorite and tonalite being the most prominent rock types. Textural variations encompass fine-to medium-grained, porphyritic, poikilitic, and occasionally graphic textures. The primary mineral assemblage of the pluton comprises plagioclase, orthoclase, quartz, amphibole, biotite, and Fe-Ti oxides. Accessory minerals include zircon, apatite, sphene, and allanite. Plagioclases are labradorite to oligoclase (An26 to An66) in composition. K-feldspar minerals exhibited an orthoclase composition (Or80 to Or97). All amphiboles belong to the calcic amphibole field and exhibit a magnesio-hornblende (Mg#=0.63-0.73) composition. Biotites crystallized as solidified melt products with compositions between annite and phlogopite endmembers, plotting close to the magnesium-rich (Mg#=0.52-0.58) end of the phlogopite solid solution series. Calculated crystallization temperatures derived from amphibole and biotite data range from 712°C to 824°C. Pressure estimations calculated using amphibole-plagioclase, amphibole and biotite suggest a range of 0.04 to 2.06 kbar. Oxygen fugacity (ƒO2) values calculated using amphibole and biotite fall between -12.5 and -16.1. Amphibole-based water content estimations indicate a range of 3.7% to 5.7% for the pluton. Biotite compositions within the studied Kazıkbeli pluton rocks exhibit characteristics suggestive of a potential mantle origin. Geobarometric calculations based on mineral chemistry data with geological and petrographic features indicate the emplacement of the Kazıkbeli Pluton at relatively shallow depths within the crust (~1 to 8 km).
AtıfScopus1WoS1OpenAlex1
İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ2Comparison of choroidal thickness, superficial and deep retinal vascular indices, and foveal avascular zones: Martial arts athletes vs healthy non-athletes
Genç, Çiğdem Deniz; Yılmaz, Ali Kerim; Kurt, Muhammed Mustafa; Özgür, Gökhan; Aydın, Emre; Yılmaz, Coşkun
Aim: The study aims to compare choroidal thickness, deep and superficial retinal capillary plexuses, and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters in elite martial arts athletes and a healthy sedentary control group. Methods: The study included martial arts athletes (32 individuals, 64 eyes) and healthy sedentary persons (43 individuals with healthy sedentary lifestyles, 86 eyes) aged 18–35 years. In this single non-repeated observational and cross-sectional study, choroidal thickness, superficial and deep retinal capillary plexuses, and FAZ measurements were measured using Swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) and compared between groups. Results: No statistically significant differences were found (p > 0.05) in age, IOP, AL (axial length), and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) parameters between groups. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in choroidal thickness, superficial and deep retinal capillary plexuses, and FAZ parameters determined by the OCTA method (p > 0.05). Conclusion: In our study, we observed that the retinal and choroidal structures of martial art athletes and healthy sedentary individuals were similar. This observation implies that the putative microvascular effects on the choroid and retina in martial arts, especially those based on the anaerobic energy system, may reflect similar outcomes to those observed in individuals with sedentary lifestyles characterized by healthiness.
AtıfScopus1WoS1OpenAlex1İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024DL-EDOF: Novel Multi-Focus Image Data Set and Deep Learning-Based Approach for More Accurate and Specimen-Free Extended Depth of Focus
Dogan, Hulya; Dogan, Ramazan Ozgur; Ay, Ilyas; Sezen, Sena F.
Depth of focus (DOF) is defined as the axial range in which the specimen stage moves without losing focus while the imaging apparatus remains stable. It may not be possible to capture an image that includes the entire specimen in focus due to the narrow DOF in microscopic systems. Extended depth of focus (EDOF) is used to overcome this limitation in microscopic systems. Although the researchers have developed so many EDOF microscope approaches, this research field still has some crucial shortcomings such as high computational costs, complexity and execution time, requiring additional equipment, low precise characterization of curves, and edges in images, varying performance depending on the specimen and microscope, using only gray levels of input images to acquire the pixel’s focus values. In order to minimize these shortcomings and comprehensively analyze the performance of EDOF approaches, a novel multi-focus image data set is generated, and a deep learning-based EDOF microscope approach is proposed in this study. When compared with the state-of-art EDOF approaches, our study provides various crucial contributions such as the first EDOF approach based on unsupervised deep learning, providing more accurate and specimen-free EDOF, generating a novel multi-focus image data, not requiring any pre- or post-processing technique and acquiring the pixel’s focus degrees using deep features. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the suggested approach, 20 different EDOF approaches are applied to a multi-focus image data set containing 9 image collections (4 synthetic and 5 microscope image collections) in total. Performance analysis metrics with and without requiring a reference image are preferred to identify which EDOF microscope approach can extract more essential details from the multi-focus images for the synthetic and microscope image collections, which are Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Peak Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR), Universal Quality Index (UQI), Correlation Coefficient (CC), Perception-based Image Quality Evaluator (PIQE), Blind/Referenceless Image Spatial Quality Evaluator (BRISQUE), Extension of Universal Quality Index for N Images (UQIN), and Naturalness Image Quality Evaluator (NIQE). Objective and subjective analysis of this study demonstrates that unsupervised deep learning model is more efficient to transmit crucial details from multi-focus images. Moreover, the suggested EDOF microscope approach with highest PSNR, UQI, CC, UQIN and lowest RMSE, PIQE, BRISQUE, NIQE produces higher performance than the state-of-art approaches.
AtıfScopus6WoS7OpenAlex9İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ1Opinions and experiences of operating room nurse on ethical sensitivity: a phenomenological study
Uzun, Sevda; Kulakaç, Nurşen; Boyraz, Mehmet Çağatay
The aim of this study is to examine the opinions and experiences of operating room nurses about ethical sensitivity phemenologically. This phenomenological study, which is in the qualitative research design, was conducted with 14 operating room nurses. Prior to the study, a pilot study was conducted with three nurse families. The interviews were conducted using a face-to-face in-depth semi-structured interview form and the data were analyzed with Colaizzi’s phenomenological method. Interview data were collected between 15 June 2022 and 15 October 2022 in the country. Three categories, seven main themes, and twenty-three sub-themes emerged as a result of the interviews. In the theme of ethical dilemmas experienced by operating room nurses, there are sub-themes of professional ethics, teamwork, and patient dignity and benefit. There are physical and psychological sub-themes in the theme of ethical sensitivity perception and practices of operating room nurses, and among the subthemes, ensuring patient privacy, providing professional competence, providing psychological support to the patient, being friendly and communicating effectively, and respecting the patient’s autonomy come to the fore. Views of operating room nurses on the importance of ethical principles were discussed under the headings of profession and patient. Our results are valuable in that they shed light on the perspectives and experiences of the operating room nurses while maintaining ethical sensitivity. The high ethical sensitivity perceptions of operating room nurses are associated with an increase in the quality of care. It is thought that the high perception of ethical sensitivity of operating room nurses is an important factor that increases the satisfaction of individuals receiving care and the job satisfaction and quality of care of nurses.
AtıfScopus3WoS3OpenAlex4İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ1Central composite design modelling and developing a method for removing sulphate from an alunitic kaolin ore
Erkan, İlker; Inal, Serkan; Alp, İbrahim
The main mineral in kaolin ore, kaolinite, is well-known for its many uses in the paint, paper, and ceramics industries. The necessity of getting pure kaolinite is discussed in this work, with an emphasis on the extraction of impurities from kaolin. Specifically, alunitic kaolin, which is common in northwest Turkey, has sulfur concentrations higher than 3 % SO3, which means that it can't be used for many industrial purposes. Leaching is a popular method for removing sulfur, especially when done directly and through pre-treatment techniques like roasting. High-temperature roasting, however, presents difficulties since it causes phase transformation on kaolinite to metakaolin and mullite and on alunite to alum. The temperature of phase transformation is important on high temperature studies which affects negatively the thixotropic qualities that are essential for the production of ceramics. This study introduces a novel approach by optimizing roasting conditions and employing a central composite design methodology for leaching. The optimal parameters for the roasting studies were determined to be 525 °C for 3 h. For leaching, the ideal conditions were identified using the leaching recovery equation, which specifies 0.195 M NaOH, 80 °C, 127 min, and a 2.55 % solid content. These characteristics were confirmed by follow-up experiments, which showed a change in SO42− concentration from 3.03 % to 2.97 %, along with some structural changes in the roasted sample. The subsequent leaching process resulted in a significant drop in SO42− concentration to 0.46 %. By highlighting the effectiveness of lower-temperature roasting and optimizing experimental methodology, this research presents a novel thermochemical method for sulfur removal in alunitic kaolin.
AtıfScopus1WoS1OpenAlex2İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2024Consumer Protection in the Digital Era: An Analysis of Consumer Protection in E-Commerce
Septiningsih, Ismawati; Karimullah, Suud Sarim
The digital revolution has fundamentally reshaped the way consumers interact with the marketplace. The emergence of e-commerce platforms has accelerated economic transactions while simultaneously introducing complex legal challenges, particularly regarding consumer protection. This study critically examines the effectiveness of consumer protection mechanisms in the digital era, with a focus on e-commerce practices in both domestic and cross-border contexts. Using a normative, juridical, and qualitative approach, the research examines the implementation of consumer protection principles in online transactions, with a specific focus on transparency, data privacy, unfair contract terms, and the accessibility of dispute resolution channels. The findings indicate that although several legal frameworks—such as electronic transaction laws and consumer protection statutes—have adapted to digital developments, their enforcement remains inconsistent and fragmented. Many consumers are unaware of their rights in digital transactions, while existing regulations often struggle to keep pace with the rapid pace of technological innovation. The study also reveals that dispute resolution in e-commerce is still dominated by platform-based mechanisms, which tend to prioritize business interests over consumer rights. Furthermore, cross-border transactions often create jurisdictional ambiguities that weaken consumer protection. This research makes an academic contribution by presenting a conceptual model of adaptive consumer protection, which integrates technological responsiveness, legal flexibility, and ethical accountability. It extends the theoretical discourse on digital consumer law by proposing the harmonization of international standards and the establishment of collaborative enforcement mechanisms between states and digital platforms. Practically, the study offers recommendations for policymakers and regulatory bodies to enhance consumer trust, foster digital literacy, and ensure equitable legal safeguards in the global digital marketplace.
AtıfScopus12İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ1Thermal resistance of Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in animal fat – Kinetic analysis and mathematical modeling
Ozturk, Samet; Huang, Lihan; Hwang, Cheng-An; Sheen, Shiowshuh
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fat on thermal resistance of L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7, and Salmonella spp. A 4-strain cocktail of each microorganism was inoculated to beef tallow and heated isothermally at temperatures between 55 and 80℃. All survival curves did not follow the 1st-order inactivation kinetics but conformed to a two-stage linear pattern. The first stage was markedly less heat-resistant than the second, as manifested by significantly lower D values. The z values of E. coli O157 H7 and Salmonella spp. were 11.8 °C and 12.3 °C in the first stage (z1) but increased to 23.7 °C and 20.8 °C in the second stage (z2), respectively. For L. monocytogenes, while the z values were similar for both stages (z1 = 19.6 °C and z2 = 18.5 °C), the second stage D values are 3.6–5.9 times of those in the first stage. One-step analysis was used to fit the nonlinear curves to the Weibull model, yielding < 1 exponents for the model (0.495, 0.362, and 0.282, respectively, for L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7, and Salmonella spp.), suggesting gradually increased thermal resistance during heating. The experimental results showed that these microorganisms could resist heating for longer time and at higher temperatures in tallow than they do in regular meats containing lower levels of fat. The kinetic models can be used to develop thermal processes to properly inactivate pathogens contaminated in the fat portions of meat products or other high fat products.
AtıfScopus9WoS8OpenAlex10İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ1Promoting sustainability in developing Countries: A Machine Learning-based approach to understanding the relationship between green investment and environmental degradation
Ahmad Khan, Khatib; Khalid Anser, Muhammad; Pala, Fahrettin; Barut, Abdulkadir; Wasif Zafar, Muhammad
The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of green investment on environmental degradation in developing countries using machine learning-based estimation combined with robustness tests of static and dynamic panel data modeling techniques. The scope of this study covers 30 developing countries for 2009–2019. This study introduces a new index of environmental degradation that uses the entropy method and includes green gas emissions and deforestation. The study addresses trade openness, the quadratic shape of economic growth, and urbanization in the context of the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis (EKC) and the Ecological Modernization Theory (EMT), in addition to green investment. This study considers the kernel-based regularized least squares (KRLS) approach, the static panel technique Driscoll & Kraay standards error method, and a dynamic panel technique system generalized moment techniques. The empirical findings from the machine learning method show that green investment significantly reduces environmental degradation with a higher coefficient resulting from the static fixed effect estimation. The study also reveals that the main hypotheses, such as EKC and EMT, are confirmed by all estimation techniques. Based on the results, the study recommends that policymakers take pragmatic steps toward green investments and increase the financing of green energy initiatives to combat environmental degradation.
AtıfScopus27OpenAlex27İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ1Evaluation of Spiritual Care and Well-Being Levels of Individuals Diagnosed with Lung Cancer in Turkey
Çakmak, Seher; Demir Doğan, Melike; Selim, Nisanur; Kalleci, Gülse Nur
This study aimed to assess the spiritual care needs and spiritual well-being levels of lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (CT). This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 110 patients in the outpatient CT unit of a university hospital. Data were collected using a personal information form, the “Three-Factor Spiritual Well-Being Scale” and the “Spiritual Care Needs Scale.” The average age of participants was 62.6 ± 8.0 years. Patients with a university or above education level, civil servants, self-employed individuals, those receiving only CT, and those with less than 5 CT cycles had significantly higher spiritual well-being scores (p < 0.05). Spiritual care needs scale scores were significantly higher for married individuals and those receiving only CT (p < 0.05). In conclusion, both spiritual well-being levels and spiritual care needs were observed to be high among lung cancer patients.
AtıfScopus3WoS3OpenAlex3İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ2Fatigue and tensile behaviour of Ti+TiN+Ti+TiVN multilayer nitride films coated on AZ91 magnesium alloy by closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering
Alibeyoğlu, Fatih; Karabudak, Filiz; Yeşildal, Ruhi; Balcı, Arif; Efeoğlu, İhsan; Ateş, Onur Kazım
Despite their extensive use in the automotive and aerospace industries, Mg and Mg alloys, which are light metals, exhibit low fatigue and tensile strength. In this study, transition metal-nitride (TMN) multilayer coatings (Ti+TiN+Ti+TiVN) were coated twice on AZ91 Mg alloy using a Confined Field Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering (CFUBMS) system to increase fatigue and tensile strength. The structural properties of the films were analyzed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) methods, and the mechanical properties were analyzed by rotating bending fatigue and tensile testing machines. Ti+TiN+Ti+TiVN multilayer nitride surface coatings on AZ91 Mg alloys showed a dense and columnar microstructure and according to XRD results (111) was the preferred orientation with the dominant peak. The fatigue limit value of the AZ91 base material was fixed at 60.46 MPa, while it increased to 68.48 MPa after being coated with multilayer nitride. Along with the multilayer nitride coating, the tensile strength increased from 169.98 MPa to 175.43 MPa. As a result, the multilayer hard nitride coating with low surface roughness, which fills the defects, notches, and voids on the surface of the AZ91 base material, increased the fatigue and tensile strength in parallel. Based on the outcomes of the research, the literature has been enriched with an innovative approach through the enhancement of fatigue and tensile strengths by applying a CFUBMS coating to lightweight metals and alloys, such as AZ91, especially in the transportation industry where lightness and dynamic load resistance are essential.
AtıfScopus4WoS4OpenAlex2İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ1Improving radio frequency heating uniformity in peanuts: Effects of packaging geometry, electrode gap, particle size and interlayer displacement process
Tasci, Caner; Liu, Shuxiang; Erdogdu, Ferruh; Ozturk, Samet
This study aimed to assess the impact of various processing parameters including electrode gap, packaging geometry, and particle size on the heating efficiency of radio frequency (RF) processing for peanut thermal decontamination. In addition, interlayer displacements were presented to evaluate the effect of the mixing on heating uniformity. Experimental studies were carried out using 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) containers (square, rectangular, and cylindrical) to place the peanut samples with particle sizes ranging from 0.71 to 2.00 mm at 100–140 mm electrode gaps. Temperature changes within the samples were monitored using fiber optic sensors and surface temperature distributions were determined with an infrared camera. Heating uniformity index (λ) was then calculated to assess the effects of RF processing conditions on RF heating uniformity. Results showed that the cylindrical container exhibited a more consistent and uniform heating profile (λ = 0.12) with 1.58 °C min−1 heating rate compared to other containers, and a single interlayer displacement between top and bottom layers further improved temperature distribution uniformity. Smaller particle sizes also led to faster heating rates from 1.71 to 1.55 °C min−1 with more uniform heating due to the reduced porosity within the particles with increased thermal conduction and electromagnetic energy absorption. This study presented valuable insights for developing an effective RF process as an alternative to conventional thermal treatments for decontamination of low-moisture, high-fat particulate foods. Industrial significance: This research presented an innovative approach applying RF heating for a possible decontamination process for peanut samples. The research tackled the growing worldwide consumer demand for food products to satisfy food safety regulations while peanuts were selected to demonstrate the process effect due to the recent food safety issues in peanut butter considering that a pre-process for decontamination would lead to a decrease in the resulting safety issues.
AtıfScopus21WoS20OpenAlex20İncele