Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

Yazarlar

  • MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ2
    Organic geochemical characteristics and depositional environments of the eocene deposits in the eastern black sea region, NE Turkey

    Eker, C.S.

    Type of organic material, thermal maturity, depositional environment, and source rock potential of Eocene aged clastic rocks of the Eastern Black Sea Region were investigated. Based on total organic carbon values, clastic rocks range from weak-good source rock. Samples contain a mixture of Type I-Type III kerogen. Based on T max values, Eocene aged clastic rocks were thermally mature. Moretane/hopane ratio of samples <0.15, 22S/(22S + 22R) homohopane (C32), and 20S/(20S + 20R) sterane (C29) maturity parameters were equal or very close to equilibrium value of oil generation. The deposition environment was transitional marine environment and clastic rocks do not have the potential to form hydrocarbon.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ2
    Separation and pre-concentration of palladium(II) from environmental and industrial samples by formation of a derivative of 1,2,4-triazole complex on Amberlite XAD-2010 resin

    Serencam, Huseyin; Bulut, Volkan Numan; Tufekci, Mehmet; Gundogdu, Ali; Duran, Celal; Hamza, Sibel; Soylak, Mustafa

    A simple separation/pre-concentration method was developed for extraction of Pd(II) in various environmental samples, based on its adsorption of 4-phenyl-5-{[(4-phenyl-5-pyridin-4-yl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)thio]methyl}-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thyol (PPTTMET) complex on Amberlite XAD-2010 resin in a mini column. The ligand has high affinity for Pd(II) among many other metals that are taken into consideration. The flame atomic absorption spectrometry is employed to determine the concentration of Pd(II). The optimum working conditions which were determined are as follows: 0.05 mol L-1 HNO3 as working medium, 1.0 mol L-1 HCI in acetone as elution solvent, 0.75 mg of PPTTMET amount and 750 mL of sample volume. The system was independent from the flow rates between 3.1 and 23.1 mL min-1. The Pd(II) adsorption capacity of Amberlite XAD-2010 resin was found to be 12.8 mg g-1 and the enrichment factor was calculated as 375. The method was successfully applied for the determination of Pd(II) in motorway dust samples, anodic sludge, gold ore, industrial electronic waste materials and various water samples.

    • SDG 6 · Temiz Su ve Sanitasyon
    • SDG 12 · Sorumlu Üretim ve Tüketim
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  • MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ2
    Biosorption properties of Morus alba L. for Cd (II) ions removal from aqueous solutions

    Serencam, Huseyin; Ozdes, Duygu; Duran, Celal; Tufekci, Mehmet

    The abundantly available industrial waste product Morus alba L. pomace (MAP) is one of the cost-effective biosorbent for removal of metal ions from aqueous solutions. Hence, in the present study, we aimed to test the ability of MAP to remove Cd(II) ions through batch biosorption process. Firstly, MAP was characterized using several techniques, and then the influence of various experimental parameters such as initial pH of the aqueous solution, initial Cd(II) concentration, contact time, MAP concentration, and temperature were evaluated upon the biosorption process. It was found that the maximum uptake of Cd(II) ions occurred at initial pH 6.0 and optimum contact time was observed as 60 min. Cd(II) ions adsorption on MAP analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and the maximum monolayer biosorption capacity of MAP was found to be 21.69 mg g-1 by using the Langmuir isotherm model. The pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion models were employed to describe the biosorption kinetics. In order to investigate the thermodynamic properties of the biosorption process, the changes in the Gibbs free energy (â̂†G), enthalpy (â̂†H), and entropy (â̂†S) were also evaluated and it has been concluded that the process was feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic in the temperature range of 5-40 C.

    • SDG 6 · Temiz Su ve Sanitasyon
    • SDG 12 · Sorumlu Üretim ve Tüketim
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  • MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ3
    The effect of water stress on spikelet position weight variation in wheat

    Yildirim, Mustafa

    This study was conducted in Eskisehir during the 2004-05 and 2005-06 growing seasons, and aimed to evaluate the response of six bread wheat varieties to rainfed and irrigated conditions in terms of grain yield, heading date, plant height and position weight variation (PWV). Of the six varieties tested, three (Sultan, Yildiz, Bezostaja) are drought-sensitive cultivars and three (Gerek, Altay, Sonmez) are drought-tolerant cultivars. Spikes from each variety were divided into five spikelet groups in order to study the effect of spikelet position upon grain weight (S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5, with S1 the spikelet closest to the base). This study focused on position weight variation (PWV) in order to better understand how 1000-kernel weight is affected by spikelet position under both rainfed and irrigated conditions and thus gains a better understanding of wheat resistance to drought. Linear increases in grain yield, heading date and plant height were observed in response to irrigated conditions, whereas a linear increase in PWV was observed in response to rainfed conditions for both seasons. Grain yield was negatively associated with heading date (r=-0.746). PWV was positively associated with grain yield and negatively associated with heading date (p<0.01; r=0.804 and r=-0.860, respectively). The observed differences in grain weight between spikelet positions have important implications for drought tolerance in wheat and can be used as a new parameter for predicting drought tolerance.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ1
    Petrogenesis of the post-collisional volcanic rocks from the Borçka (Artvin) area: Implications for the evolution of the Eocene magmatism in the Eastern Pontides (NE Turkey)

    Aydinçakir, Emre; Sen, Cüneyt

    Whole-rock geochemistry, 40Ar-39Ar data, and Sr-Nd isotopes are presented for the Eocene Borçka volcanic rocks on the eastern corner of the eastern Pontide orogenic belt (NE Turkey). Borçka (Artvin) volcanic rocks are divided into three suites-basic dyke, Borçka basalt, and Civanköy suite. These rocks contain plagioclase (An49-88), clinopyroxene (Wo38-49En38-54Fs8-25), hornblende (Mg#=0.57-0.74) phenocrysts, and magnetite/titanomagnetite and apatite microphenocrysts. 40Ar-39Ar ages on hornblendes, ranging from 46.9±0.1 to 39.9±0.5Ma, within the middle Eocene. The volcanic rocks show tholeiitic-calc-alkaline affinities and have low-to-medium K contents. They are enriched in large ion lithophile (LILE) and light rare earth elements (LREE), with pronounced depleted high field strength elements (HFSE). The chondrite-normalized REE patterns (Lacn/Lucn=1-19) show low-to-medium enrichment, indicating similar sources for the rock suite. Initial 87Sr/86Sr values [(87Sr/86Sr)46Ma] vary between 0.70423 and 0.70495, while initial 143Nd/144Nd values [(143Nd/144Nd)46Ma] lie between 0.51263 and 0.51285. The main solidification processes involved in the evolution of the volcanics consist of fractional crystallization, with minor amounts of crustal contamination. All our evidences support the conclusion that the parental magma of the rocks probably derived from an enriched mantle, previously metasomatized by fluids derived from subducted slab, in a post-collisional, extension-related geodynamic setting.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ1
    Post-collisional adakitic volcanism in the eastern part of the Sakarya Zone, Turkey: Evidence for slab and crustal melting

    Dokuz, Abdurrahman; Uysal, Ibrahim; Siebel, Wolfgang; Turan, Mehmet; Duncan, Robert; Akçay, Miǧraç

    New geochemical and isotopic data for post-collisional Early Eocene and Late Miocene adakitic rocks from the eastern part of the Sakarya Zone, Turkey, indicate that slab and lower crustal melting, respectively, played key roles in the petrogenesis of these rocks. The Early Eocene Yoncali{dotless}k dacite (54.4 Ma) exhibits high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios, low Y and HREE concentrations, moderate Mg# (44-65), and relatively high εNd and low ISr values, similar to adakites formed by slab melting associated with subduction. Geochemical composition of the Yoncali{dotless}k dacite cannot be explained by simple crystal fractionation and/or crustal contamination of andesitic parent magma, but is consistent with the participation of different proportions of melts derived from subducted basalt and sediments. Sr/Y correlates horizontally with Rb/Y, and Pb/Nd correlates vertically with Nd isotopic composition, indicating that Sr and Pb budgets are strongly controlled by melt addition from the subducting slab, whereas positive correlations between Th/Nd and Pb/Nd, and Rb/Y and Nb/Y point to some contribution of sediment melt. In addition to low concentrations of heavy rare earth elements (~2-3 times chondrite), a systematic decrease in their concentrations and Nb/Ta ratios with increasing SiO2 contents suggests that slab partial melting occurred in the garnet stability field and that these elements were mobilized by fluid flux. These geochemical and isotopic signatures are best explained by slab breakoff and fusion shortly after the initiation of collision. Although the Late Micone Tavdaǧi{dotless} rhyolite (8.75 Ma) has some geochemical features identical to adakites, such as high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios, low Y and HREE concentrations, other requirements, such as sodic andesite and/or dacite with relatively high MgO and Mg# (>50), relatively high Ni and Cr, low K2O/Na2O (<0.4), high Sr (>400 ppm), for slab-derived adakites are not provided. It is sodic in composition and shows no traces of fractionation from dacitic parent magma. Low Nd and high Sr isotope ratios suggest derivation by partial fusion of calc-alkaline, juvenile crust with high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ3
    Analytical approximate solutions of fractionel convection-diffusion equation with modified Riemann-Liouville derivative by means of fractional variational iteration method

    Merdan, M.

    In this article, an analytical approximate solution of nonlinear fractional convection-diffusion with modified Riemann-Liouville derivative was obtained with the help of fractional variational iteration method (FVIM). A new application of fractional variational iteration method (FVIM) was extended to derive analytical solutions in the form of a series for this equation. It is indicated that the solutions obtained by the FVIM are reliable and an effective method for strongly nonlinear partial equations with modified Riemann-Liouville derivative.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ3
    The relationship among the current deficit - Short term capital movements and economic growth: Evidence from Turkey

    Akbas, Yusuf Ekrem; Senturk, Mehmet; Sancar, Canan; Akyazi, Haydar

    In this study, it was analysed if there is a short and long term relationship among the current deficit, short-term capital movements and the economic growth within the periods of 1998Q1-2011Q4 in Turkey. It was used to Autoregressive Distributed Lag model for analyzing the series. As a result of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model test, it was confirmed the co-integration relationship among the series related to current deficit, economic growth and short term capital flows in short term and long term.

  • MakaleAçık Erişim2013Scopus SJRQ3
    Selective Separation, Preconcentration, and Determination of Au (III) Ions in Environmental Samples by Coprecipitation With a 1,2,4-Triazole Derivative

    Ozdes, Duygu; Duran, Celal; Serencam, Huseyin; Şahin, Deniz

    An effective, simple, lowcost, and accurate separation and preconcentration procedure which has minimal impact on the environment has been developed. It is based on the carrier element-free coprecipitation (CEFC) of Au(III)ions using N-benzyl-2-{[3-methyl-4-(2morpholine-4-ylethyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2, 4-triazole-1-yl] acetyl)hydrazinecarboxamide (BODAH) as an organic coprecipitant. Determination of the Au(IH) ion levels was performed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The developed method provided a detection limit of 0.36 μg L-1 and the relative standard deviation for Au(III)ions was found to be 5.1%. Spike tests and certified reference material analyses were performed to validate the method. The developed method was systematically investigated in different sets of experimental parameters that influence the quantitative recovery of the Au(III)ions. Based on these investigations, the optimum conditions for the determination of Au(III) ions at trace levels were established. The coprecipitation method was applied to anodic slime, gold ore, soil, and water samples to determine their Au(III)levels.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ2
    Solution of time-fractional generalized Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV equation by generalised differential transformation method

    Merdan, Mehmet; Gökdogan, Ahmet; Yildirim, Ahmet; Mohyud-Din, Syed Tauseef

    Purpose - In this article, the aim is to obtain an approximate analytical solution of time-fraction generalized Hirota-Satsuma coupled KDV with the help of the two dimensional differential transformation method (DTM). Exact solutions can also be obtained from the known forms of the series solutions. Design/methodology/approach - Two dimensional differential transformation method (DTM) is used. Findings - In this paper, the fractional differential transformation method is implemented to the solution of time-fraction generalized generalized Hirota-Satsuma coupled KDV with a number of initial and boundary values has been proved. DTM can be applied to many complicated linear and strongly nonlinear partial differential equations and does not require linearization, discretization, restrictive assumptions or perturbation. The presented method is a numerical method based on the generalised Taylor series expansion which constructs an analytical solution in the form of a polynomial. Originality/value - This is an original work in which the results indicate that the method is powerful and significant for solving time-fraction generalized generalized Hirota-Satsuma coupled KDV type differential equations.

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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2013Scopus SJRQ1
    Geothermal structure of the eastern Black Sea basin and the eastern Pontides orogenic belt: Implications for subduction polarity of Tethys oceanic lithosphere

    Maden, Nafiz

    The numerical results of thermal modeling studies indicate that the lithosphere is cold and strong beneath the Black Sea basin. The thermal lithospheric thickness increases southward from the eastern Pontides orogenic belt (49.4 km) to Black Sea basin (152.2 km). The Moho temperature increases from 367 C in the trench to 978 C in the arc region. The heat flow values for the Moho surface change between 16.4 mW m-2 in the Black Sea basin and 56.9 mW m-2 in the eastern Pontides orogenic belt. Along the southern Black Sea coast, the trench region has a relatively low geothermal potential with respect to the arc and back-arc region. The numerical studies support the existence of southward subduction beneath the Pontides during the late Mesozoic-Cenozoic.

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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2013Scopus SJRQ3
    Separation and preconcentration of copper in environmental samples on amberlite XAD-8 resin after complexation with a carbothioamide derivative

    Elvan, Hamide; Ozdes, Duygu; Duran, Celal; Sahin, Deniz; Tufekci, Mehmet; Bahadir, Zekeriyya

    A new solid phase extraction (SPE) method has been developed for the selective separation and preconcentration of Cu (II) ions in food and water samples prior to its flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination. The method is based on the adsorption of the Cu(II)-2-{[4-Amino-3-(4-methylphenyl-5- oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]acetyl}-N-phenyl hydrazinecarbothioamide complex on Amberlite XAD-8 resin. The metal complex retained on the resin was eluted with 7.5 mL of 2.0 mol L-1 HCl in acetone. The optimum conditions for the SPE of Cu(II) ions were investigated, and the method was subsequently applied to sea water, stream water, rice, tea, and tobacco samples for the determination of Cu(II) levels.

    • SDG 6 · Temiz Su ve Sanitasyon
    AtıfScopus11WoS11OpenAlex13
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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2013Scopus SJRQ3
    Approximate solution of inverse problem for elliptic equation with overdetermination

    Ashyralyyev, Charyyar; Dedeturk, Mutlu

    A finite difference method for the approximate solution of the inverse problem for the multidimensional elliptic equation with overdetermination is applied. Stability and coercive stability estimates of the first and second orders of accuracy difference schemes for this problem are established. The algorithm for approximate solution is tested in a two-dimensional inverse problem.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ1
    The contribution of hydropower in meeting electric energy needs: The case of Turkey

    Akpinar, Adem

    In this article, an attempt is made to better understand the contribution of hydropower in meeting electric energy needs of Turkey. Thus, a comparison between Turkey and other countries, which have some similarities with Turkey or which are more developed nations compared to Turkey, for evaluating from different aspects the contribution of hydropower in meeting electric energy needs is performed. The producers of electricity and hydroelectricity in the world, and the electric sectors of all the selected countries are firstly examined. Thereafter, Turkey's water resources and its potential, hydropower potential, and current status of hydropower in Turkey are investigated in detail. A detailed discussion regarding economic and energy indicators, hydroelectricity versus thermal electricity, the contributions of hydroelectricity to the total and renewable electricity generation, and the usage status of hydro potential of each selected nation is also made. Finally, it is found that hydropower is the second largest contributor in meeting Turkey's electric energy needs after thermal, mainly natural gas. It is also estimated that the contribution of hydropower will continue because a vast amount of its economically feasible hydro potential (about 64%) is undeveloped. Besides, it is determined that the contribution of hydropower in the total electricity generation in Turkey is greater than that of China and India, but it is lower than that of Norway, Brazil, and Canada.

    • SDG 7 · Erişilebilir ve Temiz Enerji
    • SDG 9 · Sanayi, Yenilikçilik ve Altyapı
    AtıfScopus21WoS20OpenAlex27
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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2013Scopus SJRQ1
    The genesis of the slab window-related Arzular low-sulfidation epithermal gold mineralization (eastern Pontides, NE Turkey)

    Akaryali, Enver; Tüysüz, Necati

    The Arzular mineralization is one of the best examples of epithermal gold deposits in the eastern Pontides orogenic belt. The mineralization is hosted by the subduction-related basaltic andesites and is mainly controlled by E-W and NE-SW trending fracture zones. The main ore minerals are galena, sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite and gold. Homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions are between 130 and 295 C for quartz and between 90 and 133 C for sphalerite. Sulphur isotope values obtained from pyrite, galena and sphalerite vary between -1.2‰ and 3‰, indicating that sulphur belongs to magmatic origin and was derived from the Lutetian non-adakitic granitic intrusions in the region. Oxygen isotope values are between 15.0‰ and 16.7‰, and hydrogen isotope values are between -87‰ and -91‰. The sulphur isotope thermometer yielded temperatures in the range of 244-291 C for the ore formation. Our results support the hypothesis that the Arzular mineralization is a low-sulfidation epithermal gold deposit associated with non-adakitic subduction-related granitic magmas that were generated by slab window-related processes in a south-dipping subduction zone during the Lutetian.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ1
    The effects of antifreeze use on physical and mechanical properties of concrete produced in cold weather

    Çullu, Mustafa; Arslan, Metin

    This study examined the effects of antifreeze on the physical and mechanical properties of the concrete which are produced in cold weather. 30% Calcium Nitrate and 5% hydroxyethylaminemixture (HEA), Calcium Nitrate (KN) and Polyhydroxy Amine (PA) were used as additives in antifreeze. Prepared concrete samples were placed in a formwork and exposed to the frost at 0 °C, -5°C, -10°C, -15°C and -20°C for 2 days. Afterwards, concrete samples in the freezer were cured at the room temperature until the 28th day and permeable pore space volume, water absorption ratio, density, capillarity ratio, impermeability, compressive strength, static modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio and tensile strength values of the concrete samples were determined after the curing. In conclusion, 30% Calcium Nitrate and 5% hydroxyethylaminemixture (HEA) were found to be giving the best performance among the antifreeze types. The physical and mechanical properties of the concrete were negatively affected from all antifreeze types due to the temperature decrease of the exposed fresh concrete.

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  • MakaleAçık Erişim2013Scopus SJRQ3
    Antioxidant effect of rosehip seed powder in raw and cooked meatballs during refrigerated storage

    Ilyasoǧlu, Huri

    The aim of this study was to learn the usage ability of rosehip seed powder (RSP) as an antioxidant agent to prevent lipid oxidation in raw and cooked meatballs during refrigerated storage. For this purpose, 4 different formulations (without RSP and with 1%, 2%, and 4% RSP) were prepared. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values of the raw and cooked meatballs were determined at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days of storage. Both the raw and the cooked meatballs containing 2% RSP had lower TBARS values at the end of storage compared to the control meatballs. Moreover, the difference in sensorial properties between the cooked control sample and cooked RSP-added test samples was not significant. These results indicated that RSP may be utilized as a natural antioxidant in cooked meatballs.

    • SDG 2 · Açlığa Son
    • SDG 3 · Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
    AtıfScopus12WoS10OpenAlex11TR Dizin1
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  • MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ3
    Changes in chemical composition and peroxidase activity of turnip (Brassica rapa) during processing and frozen storage

    Okcu, Zühal; Keleş, Fevzi; Şat, Ihsan Güngör

    Chemical composition content and peroxidase enzyme activity of raw, canned and frozen turnip roots were determined. The peroxidase activity determined in the roots of raw turnip was 134x105 EU/100 g fresh weight and 170x105 EU/g protein. There were significant changes in the activities of peroxidase of canned and frozen turnip roots, as well as in the contents of protein. The peroxidase activity of canned turnip roots was practically undetectable while there was residual activity after blanching and freezing. Peroxidase is one of the most heat-stable enzymes in plants. This study shows that heat treatment of 3 min at 95°C is preferred for POD activity inactivating compared with other heat treatment. In addition, conserving process inactivated of POD activity, too.

    AtıfScopus3WoS2
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  • MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ2
    Experimental analysis on FEM definition of backfill-rectangular tank-fluid system

    Cakir, Tufan; Livaoglu, Ramazan

    In the present study, the numerical and experimental investigations were performed on the backfill- exterior wall-fluid interaction systems in case of empty and full tanks. For this, firstly, the non-linear three dimensional (3D) finite element models were developed considering both backfill-wall and fluid-wall interactions, and modal analyses for these systems were carried out in order to acquire modal frequencies and mode shapes by means of ANSYS finite element structural analysis program. Secondly, a series of field tests were fulfilled to define their modal characteristics and to compare the results from proposed approximation in the selected structures. Finally, comparing the theoretical predictions from the finite element models to results from experimental measurements, a close agreement was found between theory and experiment. Thus, it can be easily stated that experimental verifications provide strong support for the finite element models and the proposed procedures themselves are the meritorious approximations to the real problem, and this makes the models appealing for use in further investigations.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ1
    Evaluation of wind energy potentiality at coastal locations along the north eastern coasts of Turkey

    Akpinar, Adem

    This study aims to determine and evaluate wind energy potentiality along coastal locations at the North Eastern of Turkey. For this purpose, the present study has statistically analysed wind power potentials and wind characteristics from six meteorological stations (Sinop, Samsun, Ordu, Giresun, Trabzon, and Hopa) along the North Eastern (NE) geo-political coastal region of Turkey using the hourly or 3-hourly wind speed data measured at 10 m height during 9 years. The diurnal, monthly, and seasonal mean wind speed and wind power density at all the stations are assessed to have remarkable variations. The annual and seasonal frequency distributions and dominant wind directions of the all locations are determined. It is observed that the monthly mean wind speed in this region ranges from 1.53 m/s to 4.06 m/s. The maximum annual mean wind power density was found to be 59.96 W/m2 at Sinop while the maximum annual mean wind energy density was obtained to be 525.25 kWh/m2/year at the same station. It is further shown that Sinop, Hopa, and Trabzon have the higher wind power potential than other locations and their potential are close to each other.

    • SDG 7 · Erişilebilir ve Temiz Enerji
    • SDG 13 · İklim Eylemi
    AtıfScopus35WoS36OpenAlex53
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