Yazarlar
- Aydin, Metin Mutlu(13)
- Araz, Onur(11)
- Coruh, Emine(7)
- Peker, Iskender(6)
- Üzülmez, Mehmet(6)
- Mızrak, Sefa(5)
- Ozturk, Kasif Furkan(5)
- Seferoğlu, Mehmet Tevfik(5)
- Çoruh, Emine(5)
- Akpinar, Muhammet Vefa(4)
- Alemdağ, Selçuk(4)
- Bayraktar, Alemdar(4)
- Bilgic, Abdulbaki(4)
- Cakir, Tufan(4)
- Comert, Resul(4)
- Dağ, Serhat(4)
- Çavdar, Özlem(4)
- Akinoglu, Bulent G.(3)
- Alemdag, Selcuk(3)
- Altunişik, Ahmet Can(3)
- Ar, Ilker Murat(3)
- Bilgilioglu, Burhan Baha(3)
- Eraslan, Selim(3)
- Erol, Ismail(3)
- Günen, Mehmet Akif(3)
- Nizetic, S(3)
- Ozden, Talat(3)
- Papadopoulos, A(3)
- Sevin, Sedat(3)
- Urak, Faruk(3)
- Yalvac, Sefa(3)
- Çavdar, Ozlem(3)
- Çelik, Muhammet(3)
- Çömert, Resul(3)
- Özdemir, Samed(3)
- Acar, Ramazan(2)
- Akbulut, Zeynep(2)
- Akgol, Kadir(2)
- Aksüt, Yavuz Selim(2)
- Altundaş, Suna(2)
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2024Integration of a CNN-based model and ensemble learning for detecting post-earthquake road cracks with deep features
Reis, Hatice Catal; Turk, Veysel; Karacur, Soner; Kurt, Ahmet Melih
A safe and healthy infrastructure is essential for humanity. Maintenance and repair of roads, which are of great importance, especially in transportation, is essential. Roads can sometimes be damaged due to natural disasters or human factors. In this study, roads damaged as a result of the natural disaster and the 6 February 2023 Gaziantep-Kahramanmaras earthquakes, which had devastating/fatal consequences, were studied. In recent years, the use of machine learning methods in the automatic detection process of road cracks has become widespread. Here, deep learning architectures generally based on multilayer convolutional neural networks have become a popular solution, mainly thanks to their high discrimination power in visual data. In this study, it was aimed to automatically detect cracks on the roads in Gaziantep (Nurdagi) and Adiyaman provinces after the earthquake. The data set used in the experimental process consists of two categories: uncracked and cracked, and was collected by the researchers. ResNet152 deep learning architecture, traditional machine learning algorithms, and an ensemble learning (EL) model were used to classify cracks. Among the machine learning algorithms used in the experiments are support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbors, Adaptive Boosting, and Naive Bayes. In the experimental process, ResNet152 architecture was used for feature extraction, and classification was carried out with machine learning algorithms. In addition, the EL method has been used to improve the success of machine learning algorithms. According to experimental results, the SVM algorithm and EL method gave the most successful results with 98.68% accuracy values. The proposed method can benefit experts in the automatic classification of road cracks. The study can contribute to activating rapid coordination and transportation networks in natural disasters that cause fatal and destructive causes, such as earthquakes.
- MakaleYalnız künye2024Fast building detection using new feature sets derived from a very high-resolution image, digital elevation and surface model
Günen, Mehmet Akif
Detecting building rooftops with very high-resolution (VHR) images is an important issue in many fields, including disaster management, urban planning, and climate change research. Buildings with varying geometrical features are challenging to detect accurately from VHR image due to complicated image scenes containing spectrally similar objects, illumination, occlusions, viewing angles, and shadows. This study aims to detect building rooftops with high accuracy using a new framework that includes VHR image, visible band difference vegetation index, digital surface and elevation models, the terrain ruggedness and the topographic position index. Five distinct feature sets were generated in order of importance by exposing the ten related stacking features to a feature selection procedure using the maximum relevance minimum redundancy method. Then, Auto-Encoder, k-NN, decision tree, RUSBoost, and random forest machine learning algorithms were utilized for binary classification. Random forest yielded the highest accuracy (97.2% F-score, 98.72% accuracy) when all features (F10) were used, while decision tree was the least successful (59.16% F-score, 83.56% accuracy) for RGB feature set (FRGB). It was revealed that classification of F10 with random forest increased F-score by about 23% compared to classification with FRGB. Additionally, McNemar’s tests showed no statistically significant difference between random forest vs k-NN and decision tree vs RUSBoost.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2024Effect of thickness and melting temperature of phase change material integrated into exterior wall on building energy performance and CO2 emission reduction; [Dış duvara entegre edilen faz değiştiren malzemenin kalınlığı ve erime sıcaklığının bina enerji performansı ve CO2 emisyon azalımına etkisi]
İlgar, Gamze; Terhan, Meryem
In the study, the effect of phase change materials integrated into the building's external wall has been investigated in terms of material type, thickness, and melting temperature of phase change material on the building energy performance for İzmir Province. A villa residential project has been modelled in 3D using DesignBuilder energy simulation software and two different external wall configurations have been designed by changing the position, thickness and melting temperature of the PCMs into the wall. The amount of CO2 emission reductions that PCMs will provide according to the fuel type of the building's heating system has been calculated. Using PCMs in the external wall not only provides high heating and cooling energy savings but also increases thermal comfort indoors by reducing temperature fluctuations. The PCM melting temperature of 23℃ performs quite well compared to other temperatures in both cooling energy and heating energy demand reduction. By increasing the triple thickness of the PCM, 18.81% in heating energy and 22.85% in cooling energy savings can be achieved. Depending on the external wall and phase change material types, different thicknesses and melting temperatures of PCM, annual total energy saving of the phase-change material is calculated between 10,349.50-83,345.98 kJ/m2.year and the annual CO2 emission reduction according to fuel types has been found as 0.672-14.284 kgCO2/m2.year.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2024Damage assessment of Siverek Castle during the Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes (Mw 7.7 and Mw 7.6) on 06 February 2023: Remediation and strengthening proposals
Nasery, Mohammad Manzoor; Çelik, Muhammet; Şadoğlu, Erol
On February 6, 2023, two significant earthquakes with magnitudes (Mw) of 7.7 and 7.6 struck Turkey, occurring nine hours apart. In addition to the tragic loss of over 50,000 lives in the earthquakes centered in Kahramanmaraş, hundreds of thousands of engineering structures, such as residences, schools, hospitals, historical landmarks, highways, and more, were severely damaged. This study assesses the damages and risk scenario following the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes concerning Siverek Castle. In addition, remediation and strengthening proposals, required to eliminate the damage and the possible risk, have been developed. The initial stage involved observational damage assessments on the castle and surrounding slopes as part of field studies, identifying five different types of damage and potential risks. Subsequently, a precise 3D digital model of the damaged castle and its slopes was generated using the digital photogrammetry method. Additionally, geological and geophysical studies were conducted in the field to determine the characteristics of the mound structure, historical castle walls, soil and rock on the slope. Non-destructive, geophysical methods consisting Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES), Seismic Refraction Method (SRM) and Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) measurements were specifically employed in the area with historical remnants. To verify the obtained data, five boreholes were drilled in the lower parts of the slope, and experimental studies were conducted to determine the soil and rock material properties of the slope. In the numerical studies, a total of 54 2D stability analyses were performed under static, long-term static, and dynamic conditions. Additionally, 1000 different probabilistic rockfall analyses were conducted, both in 2D and 3D, to calculate the run-out distance, bounce height, velocity, and kinetic energies of the blocks that fell or were about to fall during the earthquake. In the final stage of the study, remediation and strengthening recommendations were prepared for the strengthening of the fortification walls and slopes where failures occurred, and stability analyses were conducted. Consequently, a design proposal recommending five distinct approaches to remediate and strengthen the castle and slopes impacted by the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes was endorsed by the relevant authorities, and construction has commenced. When the remediation and strengthening works are completed, the security of the cultural heritage will be ensured, and it is planned to be opened to visitors.
- MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2024Public's social media use during the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes on 6 February 2023
Mızrak, Sefa
Social media facilitates crisis management and emergency response efforts by disseminating disaster information during disasters. Understanding the positive and negative contributions of social media to disaster management after devastating disasters will make social media more effective and efficient for crisis management in the future. The objective of this study was to investigate the public's social media use in the 15-day period after the earthquakes that occurred on February 6, 2023, in Türkiye. The study was designed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The data were collected from 1698 people residing in Türkiye via a survey method and analyzed via descriptive, ordinal logistic regression, and thematic analysis. The thoughts of 245 participants regarding social media use were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that social media was employed as a powerful resource for sharing information after the earthquakes. The participants used Instagram the most and followed the social media accounts of the institutions the most. Posting the physical and psychological damage of earthquakes and humanitarian aid negatively affected the participants and caused them to think that social media was useless. Due to the information shared by social media phenomena and nongovernmental organizations, the participants stated that social media was useful after the earthquakes. For people to share posts that will contribute to search and rescue, aid and damage assessment on reliable and high-follower social media accounts, disaster managers, scientists and policy makers should understand communities' usage intentions, satisfaction and criticism regarding social media accounts and platforms during previous disasters.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2024GIS-based multi-influencing factor (MIF) application for optimal site selection of solar photovoltaic power plant in Nashik, India
Rane, Nitin Liladhar; Günen, Mehmet Akif; Mallick, Suraj Kumar; Rane, Jayesh; Pande, Chaitanya B.; Giduturi, Monica; Bhutto, Javed Khan; Yadav, Krishna Kumar; Tolche, Abebe Debele; Alreshidi, Maha Awjan
The significant natural energy sources for reducing the global usage of fossil fuels are renewable energy (RE) sources. Solar energy is a crucial and reliable RE source. Site selection for solar photovoltaic (PV) farms is a crucial issue in terms of spatial planning and RE policies. This study adopts a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based Multi-Influencing Factor (MIF) technique to enhance the precision of identifying and delineating optimal locations for solar PV farms. The choice of GIS and MIF is motivated by their ability to integrate diverse influencing factors, facilitating a holistic analysis of spatial data. The selected influencing factors include solar radiation, wind speed, Land Surface Temperature (LST), relative humidity, vegetation, elevation, land use, Euclidean distance from roads, and aspect. The optimal sites of solar PV power plant delineated revealed that 'very low' suitability of site covering 4.866% of the study area, 'low' suitability of site 13.190%, 'moderate' suitability of site 31.640%, 'good' suitability of site 32.347%, and 'very good' suitability of site for solar PV power plant encompassing 17.957% of the study area. The sensitivity analysis results show that the solar radiation, relative humidity, and elevation are the most effective on the accuracy of the prediction. The validation of the results shows the accuracy of solar PV power plant prediction using MIF technique in the study area was 81.80%. The integration of GIS and MIF not only enhances the accuracy of site suitability assessment but also provides a practical implementation strategy. This research offers valuable insights for renewable energy policymakers, urban planners, and other stakeholders seeking to identify and develop optimal locations for solar energy power farms in their respective regions.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Geri dönüşüm işletmelerinin inşaat ve yıkım atıkları açısından performanslarının bütünleştirilmiş SWARA-EDAS yöntemiyle değerlendirilmesi: Türkiye örneği
Gergin, Ramazan Eyüp
Günümüzde, inşaat ve yıkım atıklarının artan miktarı nedeniyle ülke ekonomileri birçok zorlukla karşı karşıya gelmektedir. Döngüsel ekonomilerde inşaat ve yıkım atıklarının geri dönüşüm faaliyetlerinin daha önemli rol oynaması beklenmektedir. Buna paralel olarak inşaat ve yıkım atıklarının geri dönüşümü ülkelerin rekabet gücünü doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bu çalışma inşaat ve yıkım atıklarının geri dönüşüm faaliyetlerini gerçekleştiren işletmelerin performanslarını değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. İşletmelerin performanslarını değerlendirmek için kullanılan kriterler detaylı bir literatür taraması yapılarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın alternatiflerini ise inşaat ve yıkım atıklarının geri dönüşüm faaliyetlerini gerçekleştiren işletmeler oluşturmaktadır. Belirlenen kriterlerin ağırlıklandırılmasında Step-Wise Weight Assesment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) kullanılmıştır. Kriter ağırlıklarının belirlenmesinin ardından inşaat ve yıkım atıklarının geri dönüşüm faaliyetlerini gerçekleştiren işletmelerin performansı Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına dayalı olarak, inşaat ve yıkım atıklarının geri dönüşümünde en önemli kriter Sürdürülebilirlik olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca çalışma çevresel etkiler ile inşaat ve yıkım atıklarının taşınması kriterlerinin sırasıyla diğer önemli kriterler olduğunu göstermektedir. EDAS yönteminin sonucu ise Alternatif 5 işletmesinin inşaat ve yıkım atıklarının geri dönüştürülmesi açısından en iyi performansa sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023İstatistiksel Yöntemlerle Yukarı Karasu Havzası'nın Kuzeydoğu Bölümünün (Erzurum) Heyelan Duyarlılık Analizi
Dağ, Serhat; Aydogan, Erdem
Bu çalışmada, Erzurum ilinde Yukarı Karasu Havzası’nın kuzeydoğu bölümünün heyelan duyarlılık analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Arazi çalışmaları ile 334 adet heyelan tespit edilerek heyelan envanter haritası oluşturulmuştur. Mevcut heyelanların %80’i analizlerde kullanılırken, rastgele seçilen %20’si ise duyarlılık performansının değerlendirilmesinde kullanılmıştır. Çalışma alanı koşulları göz önünde bulundurularak jeolojik, topoğrafik ve çevresel ilişkin parametreler analizlerde değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada hem frekans oranı yöntemi (FO) hem de Bayes olasılık modeli (BO) kullanılarak 5 farklı duyarlılık sınıfından oluşacak şekilde heyelan duyarlılık haritaları üretilmiştir. Daha sonra haritalar mevcut heyelanlarla karşılaştırılarak performans analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Frekans oranı yöntemine göre çalışma alanının %55.02’si, mevcut heyelanların ise %89.1’i yüksek ve çok yüksek duyarlı alanlar olarak belirlenmiştir. Bayes olasılık modeli ile üretilen duyarlılık haritasında ise çalışma alanının %41.21’i, mevcut heyelanların ise %76.45’i yüksek ve çok yüksek duyarlı alanlarda tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuç çalışmada her iki yöntemle elde edilen heyelan duyarlılık haritalarının mühendislik projelerinin tasarımı ve mekânsal planlama çalışmalarında kullanılabilir nitelikte olduğunu göstermektedir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Giresun Şehrinde Okullara Erişimin Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ile Analizi
Deniz, Mehmet; Üzülmez, Mehmet; Gürçeşme, Mustafa
Günümüz şehirleri gürültülü, kalabalık ve motorlu araçların çokluğuyla beraber insan sağlığı için tehlikeler oluşturmaktadır. Böyle şehirlerde mesafe olarak erişilmesi zor olan okullarda eğitim görebilmek bu durumu daha da tehlikeli hale sokmaktadır. Bu sebeple ülkemizde Mekânsal Planlar Yönetmeliği çerçevesinde okullara erişebilirliğin mesafeleri okul seviyelerine göre belirlenmiştir. Günümüzde teknolojinin gelişmiş olmasıyla birlikte Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri de gelişmiş ve söz konusu sistemlerde kullanılan programlarla erişebilirlik analizleri yapılarak en uygun mesafeler ortaya konmaktadır. Bu çalışmada da Giresun şehrinde binaların anaokulu, anasınıfı, ilkokul, ortaokul ve liselere olan mesafelerin yönetmeliğe göre uygunluğu analizlerle ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmada kullanılan okulların lokasyonları Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı’nın web sitelerinden, binaların konumları ise Giresun Belediyesi’nden temin edilmiştir. Analizlerin yapımında Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri programlarından biri olan ArcGIS adlı programının hizmet alanı (service area) modülünden faydalanılmıştır. Çalışmada Giresun şehrine ait 28 mahalledeki konutların okullara erişebilirliği analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmadaki sonuçlara göre şehirdeki binaların erişim uygunluğu ortalama olarak anaokullarına %21, anasınıflarına %37,4, ilkokullara %39,6, ortaokullara %70,2 ve liselere %93 şeklinde çıkmıştır. Okul seviyelerinin artmasıyla birlikte yürüme mesafelerinin de artması şehirdeki erişim uygunluğunu arttırmıştır. Ancak Giresun şehrinde okulların mekânda düzensiz dağılımı pek çok binanın erişebilir mesafeler dışında kaldığını göstermiştir. Şehirde okullara yönetmelik çerçevesinde uygun mesafe yönünden erişimi problem olan binaların olduğu bölgelerde yeni okulların yapımı buna çözüm olacaktır.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Vulnerability-Preventing Structures in Disaster Management: Polyurea Coating on Building Structural Elements
Kaya, Afşin Ahmet; Akduman, Öznur; Aksüt, Yavuz Selim
Numerous disasters occur due to the inability to manage risks arising from natural, technological, and human-induced hazards. As a result of these disasters, the magnification of incurred damages underscores the significance of the concept of risk management, an integral step in disaster management. Consequently, efforts to mitigate the adverse effects of earthquakes and other disasters are progressively increasing. However, endeavors aimed at reducing the damages inflicted by earthquakes and other disasters on structures, particularly earthquakes, are not yet at an adequate level. Presently, the importance of alternative solution models to counteract the forces exerted on structures during disasters like earthquakes is on the rise.In this study, unreinforced concrete blocks were coated with flexible polyurea, a state-of-the-art cladding material extensively used in various fields, at different thicknesses. Three-point bending tests were performed on the coated specimens. The data obtained from these tests were analyzed and evaluated. It was concluded that specimens coated with polyurea exhibited higher strengths compared to uncoated specimens. This study introduces the utilization of polyurea flexible composite material in structural elements as an alternative method within the spectrum of precautions taken to enhance the safety of structures against various disasters, primarily earthquakes.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Yerel yönetimlerde katı atık yönetimi ve gelişimi: genel çerçeve ile türkiye’ye bakış
Sarıhan, Nazlı Özcan; Çakır, Erkan
Son yıllarda kentleşme, hızlı nüfus artışı ve sanayileşmeyle birlikte doğal kaynaklar üzerindeki baskının hızla artmasıyla ekolojik dengenin bozulduğu görülmektedir. İnsanoğlunun doğal kaynakları hoyratça ve savurganca kullanması, toplumsal refahın yalnızca tüketimle sağlanacağı görüşü, kentleşme ve gelir seviyesindeki artışlar, tüketim alışkanlıklarında meydana gelen değişiklikler kentsel atıkların ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Tüketim alışkanlığındaki artışların temelde iki önemli problemi ortaya çıkardığı görülmektedir. Bunlardan ilki tüketimde meydana gelen artışın doğal kaynaklar üzerinde yapmış olduğu baskı, bir diğeri ise tüketim sonrasında ortaya çıkan atığın bertarafına ilişkin sorundur. Kentsel katı atıkların ortaya çıkmasını önlemek ve ortaya çıkan bu atıkların atılıp kurtulunması gereken madde olmaktan çıkarıp ekonomik bir değere dönüştürecek ve en önemlisi de sağlıklı bir şekilde bertaraf edilecek Entegre Katı Atık Yönetimine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, katı atık yönetimi ve bu kapsamda atık yönetimi hiyerarşisi açıklanarak, Türkiye’de katı atık yönetiminin veriler ışığında ne düzeyde olduğu ve bu süreçte yerel yönetimlerin görev ve sorumluluklarının yasalar çerçevesinde neler olduğuna ilişkin bilgi verilmeye çalışılmıştır. Türkiye’de bu sürecin gün geçtikçe daha sağlıklı bir şekilde yönetilmesine rağmen bazı atık yönetim stratejilerinin verimli bir şekilde kullanılmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023A quantıtatıve assessment of selected potentıal geosıtes from gümüşhane (türkiye) for the development of geotourısm
Dede, Volkan; Zorlu, Kuttusi; Eraslan, Selim
This study aims to propose an MCDM (Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Model) framework for evaluating seven geosites selected from Gümüşhane (Türkiye). For this purpose, seven geosites to be assessed according to the geosite evaluation criterion introduced by Brilha (2016) were analysed with MEREC-based TOPSIS and EDAS techniques, which are MCDM approaches. According to the results, the most important criteria in the field have been representativeness (SV1), safety (PEU4 and PTU4), and legal protection (DR3). Besides the most important geosites were Karaca Cave and Tomara Waterfall. It is thought that the methodology proposed in the study and the findings obtained will provide a theoretical basis for the subject literature. It is also believed that the results may provide insight into developing practical implications for local stakeholders regarding planning and management
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Kentleşme ve Göçün Suç Üzerindeki Etkileri: Taşı Toprağı Altın Şehir Filmi Örneği
Eskiyurt, Nurefşan; Cengiz, Emre
Kent, kentleşme, kentlileşme ve göç kavramlarının tanımları yapılırken birçok değişkenin göz önüne alınması gerekmektedir. Çünkü bu kavramlara etki eden faktörler oldukça fazladır. Tanımlamalarda değişkenler göz önüne alındığında kentleşme ve göçün nedenleri de ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu kavramlar, suç ile ilişkili olup, suça zemin hazırlayan ve suçun işlenmesini hızlandıran etkiler meydana getirebilmektedir. Çünkü kentte göç sonucu geride bırakılan yaşam alanının kuralları geçerli değildir. Kent, kendine özgü nitelikleriyle bireylere yalnızca yeni bir yaşam alanı sunmamaktadır. Kente göç etmek, kültürde de değişmeye neden olmaktadır. Bu değişimi hızlı ve sağlıksız geçiren birey, suça yönelebilecektir. Tabi ki kentleşme ve göç, tek başına suç işlemenin nedeni değildir. Bu çalışmada göçün kentteki suç olgusuna etkisi irdelenerek açıklanacaktır.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023İş Güvenliği Uzmanlarının Bakış Açısıyla Acil Durum Toplanma Alan Özelliklerinin AHP Yöntemi ile Değerlendirilmesi
Doğan, Onur
İş güvenliği uzmanları, işyerlerinde muhtemel tehlikeli durumları tespit eden ve bu tehlikelerin riske dönüşmesini önlemek için koruyucu ve önleyici uygulamaları hayata geçiren kişilerdir. Aynı zamanda acil durum toplanma alanlarının belirlenmesinde önemli rol oynamaktadırlar. İşyerleri dinamik bir yapıya sahip olduğundan yerleşim birimlerine nazaran çok sık acil durum gerektiren olaylar yaşanabilmektedir. İş güvenliği uzmanları işletme ekosistemini etkileyebilecek her türlü olumsuz etkiyle (depremi, sabotaj, kaza, yangın vb.) mücadele konusunda uzman ve yetkinlik düzeyi yüksek kişilerdir. Bu nedenle yerleşim birimlerinin olduğu yerlerde acil durum toplanma alanlarının belirlenmesinde iş güvenliği uzmanlarının bilgi ve tecrübelerinden faydalanılmasının önemli olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışma iş güvenliği uzmanlarının bakış açısıyla acil ve afet durumlarında toplanma alanlarının değerlendirilmesine yönelik yapılmış bir çalışmadır. Çalışmada Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemlerinden (ÇKKV) Analitik Hiyerarşi Proses (AHP) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. AHP, objektif ve subjektif görüşleri sürece dahil eden bir yöntemdir. Bu yöntemin diğer ÇKKV yöntemlerinden üstün kılan yanı kalitatif ve kantitatif unsurları sürece dahil edilmesine imkân sağlamasıdır. Çalışmada kriter ve bu kriterlere bağlı alt kriterler, literatür araştırması ve alanında uzman kişilerin görüşleri dikkate alınarak hazırlanmış ve iş güvenliği uzmanlarına yüz yüze uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın çözümünde Microsoft Excel kullanılmış ve yapılan her bir analiz sonucu tutarlı çıkmıştır. Buna göre kriterler arasında yapılan karşılaştırma sonucunda en yüksek ağırlığa sahip kriter, 0.4294 toplanma alan güvenliği olurken bunu sırası ile 0.3602 toplanma alanına erişim, 0.2104 toplanma alan özelliği takip etmiştir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Afet Yönetiminde Sorumluluğun Yeniden İnşası: Deprem, Sosyal Dramalar, Sosyal Politikalar
Ozbilgin, Mustafa; Demirbag, Kubra Simsek; Değirmendereli, Ali; Demirbağ, Orkun; Tanriverdi, Veysi
Türkiye’nin güneydoğusunda 6 Şubat 2023’te, Kahramanmaraş’ın Pazarcık ve Elbistan ilçelerinde meydana gelen iki büyük depremin etkileri ile yaşanan can ve mal kaybı ülkenin afet yönetimi çalışmalarının ve bu konudaki sosyal politikalarının geliştirilmesi gerektiğine işaret etmektedir. Deprem sonrası sosyal politikalara sosyal dramaturji yaklaşımı ile baskın söylemler ve karşıt söylemler üzerinden baktığımız bu makalede, afet yönetimi konusunda çıkarımlar sunmaktayız. Araştırmanın amacı, sosyal politikalara yön veren yanlış ve yersiz söylemleri ortaya koymak ve delil temelli, etik ve kapsayıcı afet yönetimine yönelik sosyal politikaların oluşumuna yardım edecek bir analiz sunmaktır.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Analysis of Basin Characteristics for Stream Management Using GIS: A Case Study of Gümühane Micro-Watershed
Çakir, Gunay
Aim of study: Topography and climatic conditions have effected in determining the processes of the streams of the micro-watershed. Nowadays, the management plans were made for water and soil protection measures in the basins. Area of study: This study was carried outto characterize and prioritize the streams of the Gumushane upper Harsit micro-watershed using a GIS-based spatial approach. Material and methods: Fundamental watershed characteristics including drainage density, slope, land use types, and stream class were evaluated and interpreted for the Gumushane micro-watershed. Calculatea comprehensive value for each parameter, drainage density (Dd), flow frequency (Fs), slope (S), length of land flow (Lg), and land use (Lu) was used. Main results: The drainage density, stream flow frequency, and form factor of the microwatershed are from-4 to 26. Finally, the weighted rankings were summarized, and all micro-watersheds were categorized to five classes based on the risk index as very low risk, low risk, medium risk, high risk, and very high risk. This risk map overlaid to land use type maps in GIS where risk areas were evaluated in the finalrisk results. The 739 ha productive forest area within very high-risk areas was changed to non-risk parameters. Highlights: The carrying capacity of streams was calculated using the stream density of streams in the Gumushane micro-watershed. The risk values produced by streams that pass through neighborhoods where land use values for preventing erosion are present.
- MakaleYalnız künye2023Seismic-induced vibration control of a multi-story building with double tuned mass dampers considering soil-structure interaction
Araz, Onur; Elias, Said; Kablan, Feyza
This paper presents a methodology for the optimization of double tuned mass dampers (TMDs) positioned on the top floor of a multi-story building subjected to ground motions considering soil-structure interaction (SSI). In the optimization process, it is considered that double TMDs are connected both in series and in parallel. STMD and PTMD are used to denote the series TMDs and parallel TMDs, respectively. The equations of motion for an n-story shear building controlled by STMD and PTMD are derived by considering the SSI effect and the optimum parameters of both devices are obtained by minimizing the amplitude of the displacement transfer function for the top floor of the building in the frequency domain analysis. The effectiveness of the PTMD and STMD designed using the Jaya algorithm (JA) is verified by numerical examples of a ten-story shear building under twelve earthquake records with different frequency content and the comparison with the traditional TMD is also performed. In order to investigate the effect of earthquake frequency content on the control performance of the TMDs, earthquakes considered are divided into three different groups as low, intermediate, and high-frequency contents. In addition, the influence of the soil stiffness on the optimum parameters and effectiveness of the PTMD and STMD is discussed. Numerical results show that the optimally designed PTMD and STMD effectively suppressed the maximum floor displacements and accelerations of the building. It is also shown that SSI effects can be ignored when the building is built on stiff soil. In addition, it is concluded that the SSI and earthquake frequency content have a significant effect on the control performance of TMDs and the seismic response of the building.
- MakaleYalnız künye2023Do earthquake survivors want to escape the threats of earthquakes and why?
Özdemir, Ahmet; Mızrak, Sefa
Destructive earthquakes and the possibility of experiencing destructive earthquakes may cause people to move from their area to safer ones. However, despite high earthquake risk, people may not want to leave the area they reside for various reasons. The objective of this study was to investigate whether earthquake experience, earthquake insurance, satisfaction with city, self-efficacy, risk perception, social support, post-earthquake insecurity and price gouging was correlated with relocation willingness in an earthquake-prone area. Data were collected using a survey from 1114 people residing in Kocaeli (Türkiye), where a devastating earthquake occurred in 1999. 610 people who participated in the study were affected by this earthquake and 504 people were not affected. In order to better understand the impact of earthquake exposure on relocation willingness, ordinal logistic regression analyzes were performed separately for the earthquake affected and unaffected sample. The result showed that the relocation willingness of the unaffected participants was higher than the relocation willingness of the affected participants. People who were psychologically affected by the earthquake were more likely to relocate. Satisfaction with the city reduced the participants' relocation willingness mostly. The fear of earthquakes and perceived insecurity after a future earthquake increased all participants' relocation willingness. It is hoped that this study will guide scientists and disaster managers working in regions where destructive disasters may occur to improve strategies related to relocation policy and earthquake risk reduction.
- MakaleYalnız künye2023Multi-Scenario Analysis of Rockfall Hazard for a Historical Vaulted Masonry Building in Sumela Monastery
Nasery, Mohammad Manzoor; Cosgun, Suleyman Istemihan; Temel, Bayram Ali
Sumela Monastery located in the northeast city of Trabzon is one of the most-visited touristic places in Turkey. As it is located in a mountainous area, rockfall hazards have become a crucial problem that the Monastery complex faces, especially in the last decade. Due to several rockfall cases, the monastery was closed for visitors in 2015 to take preventative measures. The current study examines the whole stages assessing and eliminating rockfall hazards that a historical Vaulted masonry building in the Sumela Monastery is exposed to. First of all, field studies were conducted to determine the kind and type of rockfall hazard. For this purpose, the regional geology of the area was evaluated and due to the inaccessibility of the region, industrial climbers were recruited to climb the slope above the Historical Vaulted building to determine the locations, dimensions, and risk level of the risky blocks that threatened the building. After that, the terrain of the risky area was modeled with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) using the digital photogrammetry method. In the last step of the field studies, samples were taken to determine the mechanical and physical properties of the rocks and several laboratory tests were conducted. In the second part of the study, probabilistic analyses of 2400 rockfall simulations with eight different trajectories were conducted to calculate the maximum run-out distance, velocity, kinetic energy, and bounce heights of falling blocks. In the third part, to evaluate the damage status on the vaulted building, six different possible rockfall scenarios determined by the rockfall analysis were simulated using the Finite Element Method. After determining the rock block size that would not cause significant damage to the building, the cleaning and controlled removal method of the risky blocks was determined. In the last stage, controlled crushing and removing practices for risky rock blocks were carried out and the building was restored. Consequently, the rockfall hazard for the historical Vaulted building was eliminated and the monastery complex opened for visitors in 2021.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Energy, exergy analysis and optimization of insulation thickness on buildings in a low-temperature district heating system
Terhan, Meryem; Abak, Sena Saliha
In the study, energy and exergy analysis of the buildings on a campus in Turkey are conducted by using actual operating data and taking measurements in the district heating system as a case study. The energy and exergy demands, losses that stem from all buildings are calculated according to average daily outdoor temperature data. Due to the high heat losses in the buildings, determining the optimal insulation thickness for the exterior wall should be investigated. Therefore, optimal insulation thicknesses, energy savings, fuel consumptions and payback periods of the insulation material on the exterior wall of the building are examined by using Life Cycle Assessment and P1–P2 method for natural gas. Optimal insulation thicknesses are calculated for different insulation materials such as XPS, glass wool, rock wool and EPS for the climatic regions (HDD=800–4250°C days). According to average exergy losses from the building components per unit area, the average total exergy loss is calculated as 2.39×10-2 kW/m2.year and 1.42×10-3 kW/m2 (5.92%) of this loss stems from the exterior walls, 1.93×10-3 kW/m2 (8.07%) from the floors, 7.37×10-4 kW/m2 (3.08%) from the roofs, 1.58×10-2 kW/m2 (65.99%) from the windows and doors, 4.04×10-3 kW/m2 (16.92%) from the ventilation with infiltration. Energy requirement values of the building are found between 2.68–25.70 kWh/m3 towards from the warmest to the coldest climatic region for the uninsulated wall. In the un-insulated state, fuel consumption varies between 1.93-18.48 m3/m2 from the warmest to the coldest region. The optimal insulation thickness values of the building’s exterior wall are calculated as between 2.3–10.0 cm according to different climatic regions. In-state of exterior wall insulation of 3 cm, fuel consumption decreases by 46.63%–53.46% compared to different insulation materials and climatic regions compared to the un-insulated state
