Yazarlar
- Ozden, Talat(16)
- Akinoglu, Bulent G.(15)
- Sezer, İsmet(11)
- Basoglu, Mustafa Engin(9)
- Özden, Talat(8)
- Akpinar, Adem(7)
- Terhan, Meryem(7)
- Başoğlu, Mustafa Engin(6)
- Cakmak, Recep(6)
- Erol, Ismail(6)
- Peker, Iskender(6)
- Turan, Rasit(6)
- Akpinar, A.(5)
- Ar, Ilker Murat(5)
- Kömürcü, Murat Ihsan(5)
- Sezer, Ismet(5)
- Altas, Ismail H.(4)
- Altuner, Elif Esra(4)
- Benli, Tolga(4)
- Bozbeyoglu, Pinar(4)
- Kaygusuz, K.(4)
- Tunç, Merve Tuğçe(4)
- Akyol, Mehmet(3)
- Altan, Aytaç(3)
- Barut, Abdulkadir(3)
- Bilgin, Atilla(3)
- Genc, Omer(3)
- Kankal, Murat(3)
- Kaygusuz, Abdullah(3)
- Kaygusuz, Kamil(3)
- Ozden, T.(3)
- Pilatin, Abdulmuttalip(3)
- Saribiyik, Oguz Yunus(3)
- Searcy, Cory(3)
- Timurkutluk, Bora(3)
- Toros, Serkan(3)
- Turan, İsmet(3)
- Yanarates, Cagfer(3)
- Yanarateş, Cağfer(3)
- Çakmak, Recep(3)
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Çift Eksen Güneş Takip Sistemi Geliştirilmesi
Basoglu, Mustafa Engin; Ünsal, Recep; Çağşırlıoğlu, Gökhan
Yenilenebilir enerji kaynakların efektif kullanımı günümüzde çok önemlidir. Çünkü enerji kaynakları sınırlıdır ve yenilenebilir enerjiden maksimum düzeyde istifade etmek gereklidir. Bu çalışmada güneş enerjisinden olabilecek maksimum enerjiyi elde etmek için fotovoltaik sistemde çift eksenli güneş takip sistemi uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Güneş takip sisteminde mekanik düzende dikey tutucu olarak kestamit malzemesi, güneş paneli tutucu ise demir kullanılmıştır. Güneş panelinin 4 köşesinde toplam 4 adet LDR kullanılarak Arduino tabanlı dikey ve yatay eksende güneş takibi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sistemde kullanılan güneş paneli gücü 45W olup, yatay eksende redüktörlü DC motor, dikey eksende lineer DC motor kullanılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen uygulama sonucunda hassas güneş takibi yapan bir sistem gerçekleştirilmiş ve statik bir PV sisteme göre daha yüksek verim elde edilmiştir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Biyogazla Birlikte Oluşan Diğer Ürünlerin Araştırılması
Saribiyik, Oguz Yunus
Gelişmekte olan ülkelerin enerji tüketimindeki yükselme atmosfere karbondioksit salınımını artırarak küresel ısınmaya sebep olmaktadır. Küresel ısınmaya bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan doğal afetler insanların yaşamlarını olumsuz yönde etkilediklerinden dolayı atmosfere karbondioksit salınımının kontrol altına alınıp sürdürülebilir hale getirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu sebeple fosil kökenli yakıtlara alternatif kaynaklarının araştırılması zorunlu hale gelmektedir. Rüzgâr enerjisi, biyodizel vb. gibi alternatif biyoyakıtlar içerisindeki alternatif enerji üretim yöntemlerinden birisi de biyogaz üretimidir. Biyogaz üretiminde uygun organik atıklar kullanılarak %35-45 CO2, %55-65 CH4 oranlarda biyogaz karışımı üretilirken eser miktarda CO, H2S, NH3 gibi diğer ürünlerde ortaya çıkmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada biyogaz üretiminde kullanılan sıvı fazda bulunan toplam karbon miktarı, fenolik içerik miktarları, Azot(N), Fosfor(P2O5), Potasyum(K2O), pH, Hümik asit, Fülvik asit ve iletkenlik gibi değerlerin değişimi biyogaz üretimi öncesi ve sonrasında test edilerek belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre N, P, K miktarlarında herhangi bir değişim ortaya çıkmazken pH değerinde yükselme, fenolik içerik, toplam karbon içeriği, iletkenlik, Hümik ve Fülvik asit içeriklerinde biyogaz üretim süreci sonrasında artış meydana geldiği gözlemlenmiştir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Photovoltaic Mobile Charging System Design (Solar Pole) - in Gümüşhanevi Campus of Gümüşhane University
Basoglu, Mustafa Engin; Ertuğrul, Murat Han; Çayır, Muzaffer; Şen, Nurgül
The decrease in fossil-based resources, the pollution of the environment and the threat of sustainability constantly increase the interest in renewable energy sources. Solar energy is one of the leading renewable energy sources due to its large capacity. Today, solar energy appears in many applications. In this study, a photovoltaic-based solar pole design has been realized and a prototype that can be applied almost anywhere in open-air conditions has been produced. The prototype produced was tested and installed at Gümüşhane University's Gümüşhanevi Campus. The prototype mobile phones produced have a fast charging feature with 5V-2A. In future studies, it is planned to provide the solar tracking feature to the photovoltaic (PV) panel in the system, and it is aimed to bring such systems to the campus in general.
- Derleme MakaleAçık Erişim2022Dizel motorlarda dimetil eter kullanımının hc emisyonlarına olan etkileri üzerine bir derleme çalışması
Sezer, İsmet
Bu çalışma, dizel motorlarda dimetil eter (DME)’in saf veya yakıt katkısı olarak kullanımı üzerine yapılmış çeşitli çalışmaların sonuçlarından yararlanılarak derlenmiştir. Dizel motorlarda zararlı egzoz emisyonlarını azaltmanın birkaç yöntemi vardır. Bunlardan ilki motor tasarımında ve yakıt enjeksiyon sisteminde modifikasyonlar yaparak yanmanın iyileştirilmesidir, ancak bu pahalı ve zaman alıcı bir yöntemdir. İkinci yöntem ise katalitik konvektör ve partikül fitresi gibi donanımlar kullanmaktır, ancak bu donanımlar motor performansını olumsuz yönde etkilerler. Hem egzoz emisyonlarını azaltmak hem de motor performansını artırmak için uygulanan son yöntem çeşitli alternatif yakıtların veya yakıt katkılarının kullanılmasıdır. Dizel motorlardaki en önemli emisyonlar azot oksitler (NOx) ve partikül maddelerdir (PM). Çoğu araştırmacı emisyonları azaltmanın en iyi yolunun doğalgaz, biyogaz, biyodizel gibi alternatif yakıtların veya konvansiyonel ve bu alternatif yakıtlarla birlikte çeşitli yakıt katkılarının kullanılması olduğunu bildirmektedir. Bu nedenle, alternatif yakıtlar ve yakıt katkıları üzerine yapılan çalışmaların sonuçlarının birlikte değerlendirilmesi pratik uygulamalar için oldukça önemlidir. Alternatif yakıtlar arasında oksijen içerikli yakıtlar büyük ilgi çekmektedir. DME içeriğinde oksijen bulunması, setan sayısının yüksek olması ve diğer istenen yakıt özellikleri nedeniyle dizel motorlarda kullanılmaya oldukça elverişlidir. Bu nedenle sunulan derleme çalışması, dimetil eterin dizel motorlarda yakıt veya yakıt katkısı olarak kullanılmasının hidrokarbon (HC) emisyonlarına olan etkilerinin incelenmesine odaklanmıştır.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Çevresel inovasyon, ekonomik büyüme ve doğrudan yabancı yatırımların yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi üzerine etkisi
Akyol, Mehmet; Mete, Emrullah
Enerji sanayi devriminden bu yana ülkelerin ekonomik büyümeyi sağlayabilmek için en önemli girdi olmuştur. Ancak enerjinin tükenebilir olması ve çevreye zarar veren kaynaklardan üretilmesi yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarını ve tüketimini ön plana çıkarmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı çevresel inovasyon, ekonomik büyüme ve doğrudan yabancı yatırımların yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi üzerinde etkilerini araştırmaktır. Yükselen piyasa ekonomilerinden 10 ülkenin 2000-2018 dönemine ait verilerinin kullanıldığı çalışmada Gengenbach Urbain ve Westerlund (2008) panel eşbütünleşme analizi ve Emirmahmutoğlu ve Köse (2011) panel nedensellik analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Eşbütünleşme analizi sonuçlarına göre çevresel inovasyon ve ekonomik büyüme yenilenebilir enerji tüketimini negatif yönlü, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ise pozitif yönlü etkilemektedir. Nedensellik analizi sonuçlarına göre yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin ekonomik büyümenin nedeni olduğu, doğrudan yabancı yatırımların yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin nedeni olduğu ve çevresel inovasyonun yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin nedeni olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Electric Vehicle Charging Station Infrastructure on the Basis of Provinces in Turkey: Analysis through the Metrics
Cakmak, Recep; Turan, Abdullah
The fact that fossil fuels are exhaustible and harmful to the environment, the goals of constituting a sustainable and cleaner environment, and developments in battery technologies have led to a tendency towards electric vehicles instead of the vehicles which have traditional internal combustion engines working with fossil fuels. Especially in the last five years, electric vehicle (EV) sales have increased, and this increase is expected to continue increasing in the coming years. The increasing number of electric vehicles leads to the need for EV charging stations. To make strategic plans, to guide investors and to provide the appropriate infrastructure for the electric vehicle customers, the infrastructure of electric vehicle charging stations in each region needs to be analyzed in detail. In this study, the quantitative situation of the electric vehicle charging station infrastructure on the basis of provinces in Turkey as of the end of 2020 is discussed and two new metrics which use to evaluate EV charging station infrastructure are proposed. In this context, the EV charging station status is presented with tables and infographic maps through the metrics in the literature used in the evaluation of the EV charging station infrastructure and the metrics proposed in this study. 81 provinces of Turkey are compared and presented in terms of EV charging station infrastructure through the metrics. It is foreseen that the obtained and presented findings in this study will be beneficial to electric vehicle customers, electric vehicle charging station investors, the government and other public institutions that could be developed the strategy to increase the proliferation of electric vehicles. In addition, this publication might be used as a reference study to track the pace of improvements in the EV charging station infrastructure and to compare the improvements with 2020.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Energy and Exergy Analysis of Solar Collectors Having Different Tilt Angles: Case Study of Erzincan City
Kaba, Muhammet Yasin; Kurnuc Seyhan, Aslihan; Celen, Pinar; Celen, Ali
Solar collectors are frequently used in domestic water heating applications. In the design stage, the positioning of solar collector with suitable title angle is important in order to utilize from sun energy efficiently. In this study, the effect of tilt angle of a solar collector located to Erzincan city on monthly/daily average radiation values, water outlet temperature, energy and exergy efficiencies are theoretically investigated. It is seen that the maximum and minimum values of optimum tilt angles are 63 degrees ve 0 degrees for December and June, respectively. Tilt angles which are suggested for Erzincan (27.14 degrees) and calculated are compared for daily average hourly radiation values and it is seen that the maximum variation is 26% for January. In addition, energy and exergy efficiencies of solar collector are estimated and the maximum efficiencies are determined as 74.2% ve 9.7% for optimum tilt angles.
- BildiriYayıncıda açık erişim2022Shading Effect of Transparent Photovoltaic Panels on Crops Underneath Agrivoltaic Systems
Esmaeilzad, Nasim Seyedpour; Dino, Ipek Gursel; Güney, Dilara; Yildirim, Yusuf Ersoy; Turan, Rasit; Özden, Talat; Amaducci, S
Agrivoltaic systems combine soil-grown crops with photovoltaic (PV) panels erected several meters above the ground. Combining solar panels and food crops on the same land can maximize land utilization. Under the PV panels, however, microclimate factors like solar radiation, air temperature, humidity, and soil temperature change. An agrivoltaic system must optimize sunlight sharing between solar panels and crops to maximize food energy production. It has been challenging to improve and analyze the performance of agrivoltaic systems due to the lack of a defined crop-specific parameter. In this work, we present a practical option to partially replace bifacial modules with semi-transparent ones, providing comparable levels of crop protection and greater climate change resilience while generating green energy and increasing land-use efficiency. The agrivoltaic system must be tailored to satisfy the needs of crops. For this purpose, a simulation model was conducted, which examined the impact of module transparency and cell layout based on light availability.
- MakaleYalnız künye2022Simultaneous autonomous system and powerplant design for morphing quadrotors
Sahin, Huseyin; Kose, Oguz; Oktay, Tugrul
Purpose This study aims to optimize autonomous performance (i.e. both longitudinal and lateral) and endurance of the quadrotor type aerial vehicle simultaneously depending on the autopilot gain coefficients and battery weight. Design/methodology/approach Quadrotor design processes are critical to performance. Unmanned aerial vehicle durability is an important performance parameter. One of the factors affecting durability is the battery. Battery weight, energy capacity and discharge rate are important design parameters of the battery. In this study, proper autopilot gain coefficients and battery weight are obtained by using a stochastic optimization method named as simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA). Because there is no direct correlation between battery weight and battery energy density, artificial neural network (ANN) is benefited to obtain battery energy density corresponding to resulted battery weight found from SPSA algorithm. By using the SPSA algorithm optimum performance index is obtained, then obtained data is used for longitudinal and lateral autonomous flight simulations. Findings With SPSA, the best proportional integrator and derivative (PID) coefficients and battery weight, energy efficiency and endurance were obtained in case of morphing. Research limitations/implications It takes a long time to find the most suitable battery values depending on quadrotor endurance. However, this situation can be overcome with the proposed SPSA. Practical implications It is very useful to determine quadrotor endurance, PID coefficients and morphing rate using the optimization method. Social implications Determining quadrotor endurance, PID coefficients and morphing rate using the optimization method provides advantages in terms of time, cost and practicality. Originality/value The proposed method improves quadrotor endurance. In addition, with the SPSA optimization method and ANN, the parameters required for endurance will be obtained faster and more securely. In addition, the energy density according to the battery weight also contributes to the clean environment and energy efficiency.
- MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2022Technical potential of rooftop solar photovoltaic for Ankara
Kutlu, Elif Ceren; Durusoy, Beyza; Ozden, Talat; Akinoglu, Bulent G.
Turkey, which has immense solar potential, has recently shifted towards solar energy and new renewable energy deployment regulations, including implementation and commercializing rooftop PV technologies. Thus, these require a detailed assessment to determine the power source's capability and convince the policymakers. To the authors' best knowledge, there is no available data or a city-based study for the rooftop PV potential in Turkey. Here, we present the first city-based rooftop PV potential study in Ankara. The technical PV potential calculations are sensitive to the suitable area ratio, module efficiency, and module area assumptions. This study proposes a new, free, reliable, and open-source model for estimating the rooftop PV potential, and it is adaptable to every roof type. The suitable roof area for PV panels is calculated using Helioscope software. Five different modules with different efficiencies and module sizes are modelled in Helioscope. The results showed that Ankara's total technical PV potentials for residential, public, and commercial buildings are 1.15 TWh/year, 55 GWh/year, and 26.8 GWh/year, respectively. Best results are obtained by Mono-Si Halfcut (M2) and Thin Film (M5) modules in residentials, M2 and Mono-Si Bifacial Modules (M3) in Public and Commercial Buildings.
- MakaleYalnız künye2022Production of grape pekmez by Ohmic heating-assisted vacuum evaporation
Tunç, Merve Tuçe; Akdoğan, Arda; Baltacı, Cemalettin; Kaya, Zeliha; Odabaş, Halil İbrahim
Pekmez is a concentrated syrup-like food conventionally produced by vacuum evaporation process from sugar-rich fruits. In this study, the applicability of grape pekmez production by ohmic heating assisted vacuum evaporation (ΩVE) method was investigated. Conventional vacuum evaporation (CVE) and ΩVE methods were compared in terms of physicochemical properties, HMF (5-hydroxymethylfurfural) contents, rheological properties, and energy consumptions. ΩVE was run at four different voltage gradients (17.5, 20, 22.5, and 25 V/cm). Total process times for grape pekmez production were determined as 57, 28.5, 32, 39, and 50 minutes for CVE, ΩVE (25 V/cm), ΩVE (22.5 V/cm), ΩVE (20 V/cm) and ΩVE (17.5 V/cm), respectively. Energy consumption of CVE method was higher than ΩVE method for all voltage gradients. Energy efficiency increased as the voltage gradient increased. There was no significant difference between CVE and ΩVE methods for HMF contents. The results show that the ΩVE method could be an alternative to the CVE process for grape pekmez production.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Optimization insulation thickness and reduction of CO2 emissions for pipes in all generation district heating networks
Terhan, Meryem
District heating systems are provided solutions for the increasing energy problems in high-population cities. Energy costs go up depending on increasing heat loss in DHS's distribution network. Heat loss from the network consists of 5–20% of transferred energy, and this loss is higher than the other losses in the heating system. In the study, heat losses from the pipes such as supply-return pipes, hot water and circulation pipes into heat canals are investigated based on energy, exergy, economic and environmental. Optimum insulation thicknesses, energy savings, reduction of CO2 emissions, the first investment costs and payback periods of the pipes in the network of all-generation district heating systems are investigated by using Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) method for fuel types like natural gas, fuel oil and coal. Optimum insulation thicknesses are calculated for different nominal sizes of pipes and various insulation materials such as glass wool, and rock wool for the different climatic zones. According to the results of the study, the heat losses from pipes in the 4th generation DHS network are decreased between 38.19% and 33.33% from the warmest climate zone to the coldest climate zone according to the 3rd generation. Energy savings, reduction of CO2 emissions, payback periods and optimum insulation thickness values of supply and return pipes in the network are respectively changed between 7.80–98.86 $/m, 39.61–322.32 kg CO2/year, 0.028–0.38 years and 0.025–0.0105 m depending on various fuel types, insulation materials, nominal size pipes, climatic zones and all generation types.
- Derleme MakaleYalnız künye2022Comprehensive review on distributed maximum power point tracking: Submodule level and module level MPPT strategies
Başoğlu, Mustafa Engin
Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) procedure in photovoltaic (PV) systems can be realized with many different methods. Especially in arrays consisting of PV modules (PVMs) connected in series; the maximum power point (MPP) may change due to partial shading conditions (PSC), aging, degradation, fabrication production differences etc. In addition, even in small power systems containing a single PVM, the difference in shading and irradiation between submodules affects the maximum power potential of the PVM. In this study, power electronics-based power processing methods in distributed MPPT (DMPPT) systems are emphasized. Power electronics-based hardware MPPT solutions are examined in two groups as full power processing (FPP) and differential power processing (DPP). In addition, commercially available power optimizers have been examined under many criteria. The literature on the subject has been analyzed in a broad perspective, and it has been comprehensively evaluated according to criteria such as power processing level, converter configuration, MPPT algorithm, MPPT application level and control approaches. This study is an important guide for scientists and hardware engineers doing academic studies on the subject. This study, which examines the topologies and control approaches used in application-oriented studies, has the feature of triggering future studies. The features that commercial power optimizers should have and the examination of the products in the market within the framework of some criteria is one of the original aspects of the study. It is expected that this study will contribute to the PV industry in building applied and building integrated studies, where extreme shading scenario occurs.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Comparison of deep learning and regression-based MPPT algorithms in PV systems
Karabi̇Naoğlu, Murat Salim; Çakir, Bekir; Başoğlu, Mustafa Engin; Kazdaloğlu, Abdülvehhab; Güneroğlu, Aziz
Solar energy systems (SES) and photovoltaic (PV) modules should be operated at the maximum power point (MPP) to achieve the highest efficiency in the energy generation processes. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) applications using conventional methods may not be able to follow the global MPP (GMPP) of the PV system under changing atmospheric conditions and they could oscillate around the local MPP. In this study, a machine learning and deep learning (DL) based long short-term memory (LSTM) model is proposed as an innovative solution for MPPT. Contrary to the traditional MPPT applications using current and voltage sensors, the output resistance of the PV module estimation was made by using environmental parameters (such as temperature and radiation) and artificial intelligence algorithms in this study.The LSTM model was compared with artificial neural networks (ANN) and regression methods regarding mean square error (MSE), root mean square error(RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) parameters. It has been determined that the LSTM model has a better performance and could more successfully follow MPP compared to the other methods. Finally, after the comparison with the ANN method, it is proved that LSTM gives 37%, 21%, and 31% more successful MSE, RMSE, and MAE results, respectively.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Analysis and assessment of daily and seasonal photovoltaic heat island effect on Sekbandemirli rural region by local weather data records; [YEREL METEOROLOJIK VERI KAYITLARI ILE SEKBANDEMIRLI KIRSAL BÖLGESINDE GÜNLÜK VE MEVSIMSEL FOTOVOLTAIK ISI ADASININ INCELENMESI VE DEǦERLENDIRILMESI]
Demirezen, Emre; Ozden, Talat; Akinoglu, Bulent G.
Photovoltaic Power Plants have a considerable share among solar energy conversion technologies toward environmentally sustainable and economically feasible electricity production. However, when a rural region's land surface formed by natural soil types is covered by a Photovoltaic Power Plant (PVPP)'s dark-colored solar modules in large numbers, an artificial albedo (reflectivity) change is expected on that surface. Because of the heat exchange between these modules and the air surrounding them due to albedo alteration, the region's natural weather conditions may experience Photovoltaic Heat Island Effect (PVHIE) as a result of external and time-dependent air temperature oscillations caused by the warming-cooling cycles of solar modules. To observe and analyze a possible PVHIE trend, it has been conducting a field study project since October 2017 for a PVPP near the Sekbandemirli rural region in the Kutahya city of Turkey. The weather data, including air temperature and wind (direction and speed) at every 10-minute and hourly intervals, are collected by the three weather monitoring stations installed at the specific locations inside and outside the PVPP field. The plant's hourly average power output and module temperature data can also be monitored. After conducting statistical, correlational, and graphical analyses, the results show some temporal PVHI formations at the PVPP field center daily and on a seasonal basis. The plant center's air temperature tends to be warmer (up to the 6°C difference) during daytimes and colder (up to the (-3)°C difference) during nighttimes.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022Closing the Loop in Photovoltaic Solar and Wind Power Supply Chains: An investigation in Turkey through Neutrosphopic-DELPHI-based Force Field Analysis and Neutrosphopic-DEMATEL
Erol, Ismail; Peker, Iskender; Turan, İsmet; Benli, Tolga
Since solar panels and wind turbines have limited lifespans, solar photovoltaic energy supply chain (SPvESC) and wind energy supply chain (WESC) in Turkey needs a paradigm shift to improve the efficiency and recyclability of solar panel and wind turbine components. The circular economy (CE) is a viable strategy for reducing the negative effects of linear supply chains in the SPvESC and WESC. However, despite the several drivers of implementing CE in the SPvESC and WESC, there are also barriers to CE initiatives. It is argued that further studies are needed to explore the drivers and challenges for CE adoption in different industries of developing and developed countries. Hence, the goal of this research is to explore the driving and restraining forces for CE adoption in Turkey's SPvESC and WESC through a decision framework that includes Neutrosphopic DELPHI-based Force Field Analysis, Neutrosphopic-DEMATEL, and Nominal Group Technique. The findings of this research suggested that because the total score of restraining forces is higher than that of driving forces in force field analysis, it is critical to investigate the relationships among the restraining forces. Our findings also suggested that nonexistence of effective incentives and regulations proved to be the most prominent restraining force.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2022A countrywide analysis of 27 solar power plants installed at different climates
Ozden, Talat
The world is still heavily using nonconventional energy sources, which are worryingly based on carbon. The step is now alternative energy sources hoping that they will be more environmentally friendly. One of the important energy conversion forms by using these sources is photovoltaic solar systems. These type of power plants is on the increase in everyday on the world. Before investment a solar power plant in a specified region, a techno-economic analyse is performed for that power plant by using several meteorological data like solar irradiance and ambient temperature. However, this analyses generally lacks evaluation on effects of climatic and geographical conditions. In this work, 5 years of data of 27 grid-connected photovoltaic power plants are investigated, which are installed on seven different climate types in Turkey. Firstly, the power plants are categorized considering the tilt angles and Köppen–Gieger climate classification. The performance evaluations of the plants are mainly conducted using monthly average efficiencies and specific yields. The monthly average efficiencies, which were classified using the tilts and climate types were from 12 to 17%, from 12 to 16% and from 13 to 15% for tilts 30°/10°, 25° and 20°, respectively. The variation in the specific yields decrease with elevation as y(x) = − 0.068x + 1707.29 (kWh/kWp). As the performances of photovoltaic systems for some locations within the Csb climatic regions may relatively lower than some other regions with same climate type. Thus, techno-economic performance for PVPP located in this climate classification should be carefully treated.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2021Submodule Based MPPT with Synchronous Buck Converter Under Dynamic Partial Shading Conditions
Basoglu, Mustafa Engin
In order to obtain more power from photovoltaic (PV) modules under mismatching operating conditions, the submodule-based MPPT technique is an important solution. In this technique, since the power-voltage (P-V) curve of a submodule cannot be multi-peaked, the maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT) is easily achieved through a DC-DC converter connected to each submodule. Since the P-V curve cannot be in a multi-peaked form, the maximum power can be obtained with a simple MPPT algorithm. For this reason, perturb & observe (P&O) algorithm can be chosen. In this study, the behaviour of a submodule-based MPPT with synchronous buck converter (SBC) is investigated for dynamic shading conditions. In addition, submodule-based MPPT and module-based MPPT technique were compared and the comparison was confirmed by simulation studies that submodule-based MPPT performed better. In this context, simulation studies were carried out for different shading conditions. According to the simulation results, the submodule- based MPPT approach achieves greater efficiencies to the module-based MPPT. In some simulations, when the module-based MPPT technique is used, the operation at the local MPP has been realized. In such cases, more advanced algorithms are needed. However, a simple algorithm is sufficient in submodule-based MPPT. The only disadvantage of this MPPT is the high hardware cost. However, the increase in efficiency obtained is at a level that can easily tolerate this cost.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2021Fotobiyoreaktörde Işığın ve Beslemenin Alglerin Büyümeleri Üzerine Etkilerinin Araştırılması
Aygün, Cemalettin; Saribiyik, Oguz Yunus; Sert, Batuhan; Uçmaz, Nergiz
Dünya nüfusunun çoğalmasına bağlı olarak gıda ve enerji ihtiyaçları da artmaktadır. Enerji ve gıda tüketimi karbondioksit salınım miktarının yükselmesi ile yakından alakalıdır. Karbondioksit miktarının artması Sera gazı etkisi göstererek küresel ısınmaya sebep olmakta böylece doğal afetler yaşanmaktadır. Sera gazı etkisinin azaltılması için fosil kaynaklara alternatif enerji kaynakları bulunmalı ve atıkların sürdürülebilir şekilde kontrol edilerek geri dönüşüme kazandırılması gerekmektedir. Alternatif enerji kaynakları olarak biyogaz, biyodizel, güneş enerjisi gibi yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları yoğun şekilde araştırılmaktadır. Algler, alternatif gıda ve enerji ihtiyacını karşılamak için araştırılan kaynaklar arasında yer almaktadır. Bu canlılar, genel olarak ökaryotik fotosentez yapabilen canlıların genel tanımlamasıdır ve bu sınıf içerisinde çok farklı alt türleri bulunmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalarda, 1 kg kuru alg oluşumu sırasında 1.83 kg CO2 tükettiği, yağ protein kaynağı ve organik gübre olarak kullanılabildiği görülmüştür. CO2 tüketim miktarının yüksek olması, alternatif besin ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynağı gibi farklı amaçlar için kullanılma potansiyelinden dolayı Alglerin uygun yaşam alanlarının belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada, hava karıştırmalı kolon tipi pilot fotobiyoreaktör imalatı yapılmıştır model alg üzerinde, ışığın ve beslenmenin büyüme üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Model alg olarak ‘’Cladhopora glomerata’’ kullanılmıştır. Besleme için, inorganik tuzlar, %17’lik doğal kaynaklardan elde edilen amino asit çözeltisi ve 425 nm dalga boyuna sahip ışığın alglerdeki kütle artışı üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, alglerin 425 nm dalga boyundaki (mor ışık) kütle artışı gün ışığındaki ışığa göre kıyaslandığında daha fazla kütle artışı gözlemlenmiştir. Bunun dışında alglerin kütle artışı beslemelerine göre kıyaslandığında %17 lik doğal amino asit kaynağı ile besleme yapıldığında inorganik tuzlara göre kütlece artışının daha fazla olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2021The Investigation of the Alternative Fuel Biogas Potential for Model Town
Saribiyik, Oguz Yunus; Kılıç, Rahman
The investigations have been intensively continuing for responding of energy and food demand depending on the world populationincrease and the development of the industrial progression. The energy necessities eliminate by using fossil fuels based sources suchas natural gas, coal and petrol. However, the amount of the fossil fuels is limited and they create the green houses gas problems,therefore, many of the researches have been focusing on new sustainable alternative energy sources, such as wind power, biodiesel,biogas, solar and biomass. The methane which is released by the methanogen bacteria is occupy a places in green gases which arecarbon dioxide and methane. Biogas as an alternative biofuel has higher impact in alternative fuels because of its applicability,sustainability, low production cost, keep the greenhouse gases in balance and produces bio-fertilizer after digestion processes. In thosepurposes, the biogas investment and investigation increases for all over the world however the potential of biomass conversion andthe examination for bio gas production have paid less concern in our country.In this study, the potential biomass and the amount of the biogas depending on the biomass potential have been investigated on one ofthe model town, Şiran in Gümüşhane. According to obtained results, it is seen that the biomass potential and the amount of the biogasproduction are highly enough for model town for natural gas demand and using bio fertilizer which is produced after digestion ofbiomass can be decreased by the utilization of the synthetic inorganic fertilizer, causing for soil pollution.
