Gümüşhane ÜniversitesiGümüşhane ÜniversitesiAçık Erişim Arşivi · RDL Open

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2022
    COMPOSITION OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES AND CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM FLOWERS AND LEAVES OF Pyrus elaeagnifolia Pallas IN TURKEY

    Fidan, Muhammed Said; Oz, Mehmet; Ucuncu, Osman; Baltaci, Cemalettin; Karatas, Seyda Merve

    Gumushane region in Turkey is rich in plant diversity. The flowers and leaves of Pyrus elaeagnifolia Pall. plants that will form the basis of this research were collected from the places determined. In this study; the essential oils of flowers and leaves of P. elaeagnifolia plants were obtained by hydrodistillation method in a Clevenger type device. The chemical composition of volatile oils diluted with hexane were determined by analyzing with a GC-MS/FID instrument. The quantity of antioxidant activity of the obtained essential oils was determined by total phenolic content, free radical scavenging amounts, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant content, free radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power capacity according to methods. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils was determined against 23 different microorganisms by disc diffusion method. As a result; essential oil yields in percentage are 0.44% and 0.72% in the flowers and leaves of the P. elaeagnifolia. Chemical classes with the highest percentage of compounds in essential oils of plant parts: Hydrocarbons (79.77%) and aldehydes (33.31%) were detected in the flowers and leaves of the P. elaeagnifolia. In addition, the main components found in essential oils are tricosane (36.98%-15.89%) in the flowers and leaves of the P. elaeagnifolia. The determination of antioxidant activity obtained from samples collected from plant parts was determined total phenolic substance amounts in the range of 48.57-68.32 mg GAE/100 mL, free radical scavenging amounts between 9.52-40.95 mg AA/100 mL, flavonoid substance amounts in the range of 1.34-3.95 mg QE/100 mL, total antioxidant amounts in the range of 66.93-185.10 mg AA/100 mL, free radical scavenging capacity between 23.40-81.02 mg AA/100 mL and FRAP capacity in the range of 4.20-10.50 mg FeSO4/100 mL. According to the results obtained with total phenolic content, free radical scavenging amounts, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant content, free radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power capacity was determined the highest antioxidant properties in leaves of P. elaeagnifolia. According to the results of the antimicrobial activities analysis obtained from the collected samples of plant parts, it was determined that only the flowers of P. elaeagnifolia show antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms used.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2021
    A SITUATION ANALYSIS ON THE PERCEPTION OF SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF NON-WOOD FOREST PRODUCTS IN TURKEY

    Komut, Osman

    One of the most important stakeholders in the sustainable management of non-wood forest products (NVVFP) is the forestry organization employees. In this study, the analysis of the perception, awareness and opinions of the forestry organization employees concerning the sustainable management of NWFPs was determined as the main aim. The study was conducted with a research pattern consisting of a questionnaire and semi-structured questions for employees at the level of employees, forest guards, office clerks and engineers within two different Regional Directorates of Forestry in Turkey. Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis H statistical analysis tests were utilized for determination of the differences of opinions based on the variables. In the research, statistically significant (p<0.05) differences of opinion were determined based on the sub-groups of variables of the regional directorate, activity, receiving training, occupation, educational background, and gender. Research results have proved that the number of NWFPs which are evaluated economically and are harvested in a controlled manner is very low. It has been determined that the forestry organization employees don't find the work on NWFP adequate and they are concerned about the sustainable management of NWFPs.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2021
    DETERMINATION OF THE HONEY PRODUCTION AREAS WITHIN LAND USE TYPES: A CASE STUDY TERCAN, TURKEY

    Cakir, Gunay

    Forestry makes decisions based on one of the tactical planning applications for decades' years. Especially forested areas and rangeland provide very wide support to the world in terms of fresh air and food. In particular, World areas provide a wide range of support for living things in terms of naturalness and nutrition. Honey is not only a source of healing for humans but also the richness of the natural. Honey producing activities (beekeeping) was generally done in the open areas in and around the forest or rangeland. This study was carried out in Tercan Forest Planning Unit (FPU) in 2013 to determine the areas of beekeeping with the help of high-resolution aerial photographs. Placed hive areas for honey production had been identified in Tercan FPU. The distances of honey production areas and other areas to land use types were determined in GIS environment. Of these 95 beehive areas had found in Tercan Forest Planning Units. These hive areas were produced to buffer zone map that is respectively 0-500 m, 501-1000 m, 1001-1500 m and 1501-2000 m. Analysis to the distance of the hive areas with land use maps has been determined in GIS environment. The estimated amount of honey production has been tried to be rubbed over honey hive numbers. The location of honey casings is generally found in the land use classes, which are close to freshwater.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2021
    THE EVALUATION OF SOME FACTORS AFFECTING THE QUALITY OF RAW MATERIALS IN MICRO-SCALED FOREST INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES

    Komut, Osman

    Forest industry enterprises that process round industrial wood are the biggest consumers of the forestry sector. In this study, micro-scale forest industry enterprises that process round industrial wood are investigated. Questionnaires based on face-to-face interviews were utilized as a data collection tool. The raw material storage areas of 48 enterprises, visited during the study, were subjected to direct observation and examination in terms of storage methods, conditions and damages in logs. The ratio of the enterprises participating in the total number of enterprises in the study area occurred as 64%. The relationships between the defined variables were analyzed with the Chi-square independence test. The analysis of variance was used to determine the relationship between independent variables. The results showed that raw material supply methods of enterprises differ, and they vary as the enterprise size grows. The annual average revenue was a variable that caused statically significant differentiation (p<0.05) in the raw material supply methods between enterprises. The results proved that the supply of raw materials with the stumpage sale method increased the risk of bark beetle damage in logs. Improper storage methods and conditions were identified as causes of significant blue discoloration damage in coniferous tree logs.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2020
    DETERMINING THE FORAGE YIELD AND CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX.L.) VARIETIES WITH DIFFERENT SOWING DATES

    Okcu, Melih; Yolcu, Halil

    This research was conducted at Gumushane University, in the field of application of Gumushane University Vocational School of Higher Education during 2014-2015. The research was carried out in 3 replications according to the exact blocks trial pattern of chance during the season of breeding between 2014 and 2015. in the research Nova, Arisoy, A-3127, Sa-88, Ataem-7, Bravo, Yesilsoy and Yemsoy varieties were used, and different three sowing dates (1 April,15 April, 30 April). According to the results, the highest values in terms of green grass and ADF values were given by Yesilsoy cultivar. Yesilsoy cultivar took the first place with 12123.3 kg / ha(-1) in terms of green grass yield. In terms of hay yield, Arisoy cultivar gave the highest value with 5003 kg / ha(-1). The highest values in ADF, NDF and Crude protein content were Bravo 37.51%, Ataem-7 37.48%, Bravo 46.72%, Yesilsoy 46.48%, Bravo 13.96%, Ataem-7 13%, 95 respectively gave the highest values. In terms of sowing time, sowing time of 1 April gave the highest results among the parameters examined. Therefore, while sowing time on April 1 was determined as the most suitable planting, Nova, Arisoy, Ataem-7, Yesilsoy and Yemsoy varieties were the prominent varieties in terms of green, dry grass and crude protein.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2019
    EFFECT OF DIFFERENT GIBBERELLIC ACID DOSES TREATMENT ON SEED GERMINATION OF WILD SAINFOIN (ONOBRYCHIS VICHFOLIA)

    Okcu, Melih; Topaloglu, Fatma Nil

    Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) subjected to a range of studies relating to agronomy, environmental preferences, crop protection and plant-microbial interactions, is an important forage species in agriculture, that be prefered by farmers than other forage legumes. This fact has give importance to breeding of this plant for the development of diverse varieties and so for this purpose many wild forms are cultivated. The most important problem in sainfoin cultivation is poor germination problem in wild species. With the aim of solving this problem, we carried out to evaluate the response of wild sainfoin seeds to the application of different gibberellic acid (GA3) (a germination hormone) concentration in vitro conditions. Five levels of gibberellic acid (100, 250, 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm) was used in the test. Seed coat was removed and the seeds were placed on Murashige&Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with gibberellic acid (GA3) and kept under these conditions for 46 days. Seed germination percentage and germination associate parameters; speed of germination, mean germination time, mean daily germination, peak value and germination value, were calculated. The experiment was carried out using complete block design with three replications. According to the results obtained from different GA3 application medium, the highest germination percentage 48,89 recorded at in medium containing 250 ppm GA3 whereas in control has recorded 42,22 at the end of the 46th day. Other concentrations, 100, 500,1000 and 1500 ppm, achieved a reduction in seed germination compared to control, respectively 28,15, 15,56, 24,44, 34,81. Not only in germination percentage result, but also in other germination associate parameters, the addition of 250 ppm gibberellic acid to Murashige and Skoog medium increased the values compared to the control and ensured a rapid increase and peak between the 8th and 12th days in all parameters.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2019
    DETERMINATION OF ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES, PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF WILD ROSA L. SPECIES BAYBURT, TURKEY

    Gidik, Betul; Akar, Zeynep; Can, Zehra; Sefali, Abdurrahman; Erturk, Omer

    Five different rosehip (Rosa L.) species including, Rosa canina, Rosa iberica Stev, Rosa villosa, Rosa beggeriana Schrenk and same kind of but different location Rosa spinosissima grown in Bayburt from Turkey are studied. The wild species of Rosa L. were collected from Rocks and Steps, Field and garden borders. Morphological parameters were measured as fruit and seed weights and fruit and seed size. Ten fruits were chosen randomly for the measurement and take the average of them to determine the weights and size. In our study was determined antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity and phenolic compounds. As antioxidant activity; total phenolic total flavonoid, condense tannin contents, CUPRAC, FRAP, ABTS. Nineteen standard of phenolic compositions of fruits and seeds were determined. Antioxidant, antimicrobial activities of the extracts were found high levels in rose hip species fruit than seed. Catechin, rutin protocatequic acid and CAPE were principal for all rose hip species fruit but, was not deteceted CAPE Kop Mountain, Yukari Kop Village Rosa spinosissima species. This suggests that the difference in location affects the phenolic content. Pearson Correlation analyze has done with the morphological parameters, GPS data, antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds by using the SPSS software programme version 25.0.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2018
    ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT SCREENING, SYNERGY STUDIES OF HELICHRYSUM CHIONOPHILUM EXTRACTS AGAINST TO RESISTANT MICROBIAL STRAINS

    Ozcan, Kadriye; Acet, Tuba

    In this study, the antimicrobial activities and antioxidant properties of five different extracts of Helichrysum chionophilium plants from Gumushane/Turkey were investigated. To determine the antimicrobial activity disc diffusion and microdilution methods were used against to fifteen microorganisms. The effect of plant extracts and antibiotic combinations against to vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were investigated as well. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by spectrophotometric techniques. Antioxidant properties of plant extracts evaluated by free radical scavenging assays which ABTS and DPPH. The plant ethyl acetate extract showed the highest level of total phenolic (423.01 +/- 0.8 mg GAE/g extract) and flavonoid contents (100.18 +/- 1.4 mg QE/g extract). Similarly, ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest level of DDPH (IC50: 67.44 +/- 0.9 mu g/ml). However, hexane extract exhibited the highest level activity of ABTS (IC50: 55.20 +/- 1.3 mu g/ml). The highest MIC value was determined as 8 mu g/ml against to Pseudomonas aeruginosa on ethyl acetate extract. Besides, all of extracts exhibited antimicrobial activity on at least one test organism. Plant extracts with some antibiotic combinations generated synergies or partial synergic activity against to VREF and MRSA. These findings revealed that the plant has strong antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Finally, using the plant extracts and antibiotic combinations might be a good tool in fighting with antibiotic resistance strains.

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  • BildiriYalnız künye2017
    THE ROLE OF NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL GEOSPATIAL DATA SOURCES IN COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT

    Bayram, Bulent; Avsar, Ozgur; Seker, Dursun Zafer; Kayi, Abdullah; Erdogan, Mustafa; Eker, Oktay; Janpaule, Inese; Reis, Hatice Catal

    Coastline changes are increasing rapidly due to both natural and human effects. The expansion of touristic, industrial and culture fishing establishments through coastal areas has brought about uncontrolled and unplanned urbanization. In this study, the coastline in Karasu district of Turkey has been extracted by using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) images. For this purpose; 7 cm ground sample distance (GSD) UAV images taken in 2013 by Gatewing-X100 by 40% side and 70% forward overlap was used as post images. Produced ortho images were used as the base map for extraction of the coastline. An object-oriented approach has been applied to capture the shoreline from these ortho images. In the presented study, the eCognition object-oriented fuzzy image processing software has been used. This commercial software has the ability to develop custom tools for image classification in addition to its standard object feature tools. Customized arithmetic features have been used to achieve more accurate shoreline segmentation results. Three main object classes have been created as sea, shoreline buffer and land to extract shoreline. The segmentation results were converted into dxf vector data format. The results were compared with manual digitizing of 55 blind readers. An algorithm has been developed by using Matlab to analyze the differences between object-oriented classification and manual digitizing results. Results were evaluated according to students' gender, age, spent time, used software and courses taken. The root mean square error (RMSE) was calculated as 7.15 m.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2013
    Heavy metal analysis by moss species in the Black Sea region of Turkey

    Koz, Bahadir; Cevik, Ugur; Bulut, Volkan Numan; Kaya, Selim; Gundogdu, Ali; Celik, Necati

    The heavy metal analysis of mosses in the Black Sea region of Turkey was determined using atomic absorption spectrometry method. The procedure was also validated by analysis of standard reference material (IAEA-336 Lichen). A qualitative analysis showed that the samples contained chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, and lead. While the mean concentration values of Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb in the moss samples collected from city centers are 60.6, 820, 12.2, 18.8, 293, 181 and 39.8 mg.kg-1, the mean concentration values in the moss samples collected from the city intervals are 43.8, 761, 11.0, 15.6, 242, 170 and 38.4 mg.kg-1, respectively. Since this study was a heavy metal analysis along the highway, evaluation of these elements with their potential hazards for ecology and human was briefly discussed. A strong relationship was observed between Pb concentration and the traffic density.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2012
    Elemental and radioactivity analyses of mosses collected in hatila valley national park - Eastern black sea region of Turkey

    Koz, Bahadir; Cevik, Ugur; Celik, Necati

    This study was performed in one of the most important parks of Turkey, the Hatila national park, where a gold mining activity is planned to be conducted. For this purpose, 40 moss samples were collected for heavy metal and radioactivity measurements. A radioisotope excited Xray fluorescence analysis using the method of multiple standard additions was applied for the elemental analysis of mosses collected in Hatila valley national park in the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. An annular 50 mCi 241Am radioactive source and annular 50 mCi 55Fe radioactive sources were used for excitation of characteristic K-X rays. An Si(Li) detector which had a 147eV full width at half maximum for 5.9 keV photons was used for intensity measurements. A qualitative analysis of spectral peaks showed that the samples contained potassium, calcium, titanium, iron, tin and barium with average concentrations of 230, 5340, 450, 70, 4 and 33 mg.kg -1, respectively. 137Cs and 40K using gamma-ray spectroscopy were determined in 40 moss species collected from the Hatila valley national park. Average activity concentrations of 40K and 137Cs were found to be 103 and 272 Bq.kg -1, respectively. As the region was shown to be heavily contaminated by the Chernobyl accident, the high concentration of 137Cs could be due to this accident. The results are compared with those obtained in different parts of the world where gold mining activities are being conducted. The possible consequences of these results are briefly discussed from the point of potential hazards to ecology and human health.

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  • MakaleYalnız künye2011
    Estimation of the carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratio in compostable solid waste using artificial neural networks

    Bayram, Adem; Kankal, Murat; Ozsahin, Talat Sukru; Saka, Fatih

    Organic waste constitutes a majority of all municipal solid waste (MSW), a fact which yields some unfavorable results at open dumps, sanitary landfills, and incineration plants. As part of an integrated solid waste management strategy, composting could be applied to mixed collected MSWs or separately collected leaves, food, and yard wastes. The factor most crucial to successful composting is the carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratio of the waste. This study employs two predictive models to estimate the C:N ratio of compostable MSW, an artificial neural network (ANN) and multiple linear regression (MLR). These models are based on 52 solid waste samples taken from the MSW open dumping area in Gümüşhane Province, Turkey. To estimate the C:N ratio, seven predictive variables were adopted. The proportions of food and yard (F&Y), and ash and scoria (A&S) waste; the moisture content (MC), the fixed carbon (FC) content, the total amount of organic matter (TOM), high calorific value (HCV), and pH. Fortytwo of the samples were used for training, and the remaining ten were used to test the models. The average relative error attained by the best ANN was 6.376%, while that attained by the MLR model was 11.002%. The effects of TOM content, F&Y percentage, and A&S percentage on the C:N ratio were investigated by running the ANN model for a range of input variables.

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