Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yazarlar
- Uzun, Sevda(67)
- Merdan, Mehmet(59)
- Duran, Celal(49)
- Ozdes, Duygu(46)
- Kaygusuz, Abdullah(45)
- Demir, Selim(37)
- Turan, Ibrahim(37)
- Karsli, Orhan(36)
- Öztürk, Serkan(35)
- Dokuz, Abdurrahman(34)
- Araz, Onur(32)
- Kandemir, Raif(31)
- Kulakaç, Nurşen(29)
- Sipahi, Ferkan(29)
- Arslan, Mehmet(27)
- Baltaci, Cemalettin(27)
- Baltacı, Cemalettin(27)
- Kurt, Kemal(27)
- Topal, Fevzi(27)
- Gücer, Mehmet Ali(25)
- Peker, Iskender(25)
- Aydin, Faruk(24)
- Bayrakdaroglu, Serdar(24)
- Maden, Nafiz(24)
- Ozturk, Samet(24)
- Vural, Alaaddin(24)
- Yolcu, Halil(24)
- Yücel, Cem(24)
- Aliyazicioglu, Yuksel(23)
- Kankal, Murat(23)
- Reis, Hatice Catal(23)
- Ürkek, Bayram(23)
- Günen, Mehmet Akif(22)
- Kurnaz, Muammer(22)
- Topal, Meryem(22)
- Karimullah, Suud Sarim(21)
- Uysal, Ibrahim(21)
- Ashyralyyev, Charyyar(20)
- Aydin, Aydanur(20)
- Bayraktar, Alemdar(20)
Yayınlar
- MakaleYalnız künye2017Scopus SJRQ2Radioactivity measurements and risk assessments of spa waters in some areas in Turkey
Duran, Selcen Uzun; Kucukomeroglu, Belgin; Damla, Nevzat; Taskin, Halim; Celik, Necati; Cevik, Uğur; Ersoy, Hakan
The current study presents the results of the activity of radionuclides in spa waters, and evaluates their radiological influences on the population consuming these waters in the Central and Eastern Black Sea regions of Turkey. Since these waters are used for therapy and consumption purposes unconsciously, their radiological impact on the people was computed by taking into consideration the annual intake through ingestion of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 137Cs and 222Rn. The mean activities were estimated to be 11.35 for gross alpha, 6.23 for gross beta, 2.96 for 226Ra, 0.42 for 232Th, 0.069 for 137Cs, 0.19 for 40K, and 267 Bq L–1 for 222Rn, respectively. The estimated effective doses from spa water were found to be 49.77 µSv a–1 (226Ra), 5.95 µSv a–1 (232Th), 0.07 µSv a–1 (137Cs), 0.83 µSv a–1 (40K) and 56.03 µSv a–1 (222Rn). These values were evaluated and compared with related verified values from literature. Also, physico-chemical characterizations of spa water samples considered in the current study were investigated. This study would be useful for consumers and official authorities for the assessment of radiation exposure risk due to usage of the considered spa waters.
AtıfScopus10WoS10OpenAlex12
İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2017Scopus SJRQ4An integrated intuitionistic fuzzy set and mathematical programming approach for an occupational health and safety policy
Efe, Burak; Kurt, Mustafa; Efe, Ömer Faruk
This paper aims to establish an occupational health and safety policy for three firms. This paper provides to overcome the drawbacks of traditional FMEA (failure mode and effects analysis) by using an integrated intuitionistic fuzzy multi-criteria decision making method and a linear programming. Priority value of criteria has been defined by utilizing intuitionistic fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method and the highest risky failure mode among failure modes has been found by utilizing intuitionistic fuzzy VIKOR (VIsekriterijumska optimizacija i KOm-promisno Resenje). The application of risk evaluation is conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed method in three firms. The reliability of the risk ranking is verified by helping of a sensitivity analysis and the advantages of the proposed approach are shown by comparing with the other methods. The managers of the firm present some limitations for the occupational health and safety policy so that these constraints are solved by helping of a linear programming. The results show that destroying of the existing steel ropes during production of plaster, risks that caused from work equipment and electric shock during cutting were determined the highest risky failure modes for construction, textile and metal firms, respectively.
AtıfScopus29WoS27İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ1Production of deep-fried corn chips using stale bread powder: Effect of frying time, temperature and concentration
Yuksel, Ferhat; Karaman, Safa; Gurbuz, Melek; Hayta, Mehmet; Yalcin, Hasan; Dogan, Mahmut; Kayacier, Ahmed
In this study, utilization of stale bread powder was evaluated to produce low fat snack food formulation and for this purpose, corn chips were manufactured using stale bread at different concentrations. Response surface modeling technique was used to study the simultaneous effects of stale bread level (0–50%), frying time (40–60 s) and frying temperature (170–190 °C) on some physicochemical, textural and sensory properties of corn chips enriched with stale bread powder. Also, optimization of processing variables was performed for desired products. Results indicated that the addition of stale bread into the formulation decreased the oil content of the final product up to addition of 25% stale bread level. The hardness and yellowness of samples decreased with the increasing of stale bread level; while, the dry matter and ash contents as well as firmness value and sensory scores of samples increased with the increasing stale bread level. Generally, corn chips produced with the addition of stale bread were more preferred by the panel compared to control samples.
AtıfScopus20WoS17OpenAlex22İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ2Solution of conformable fractional ordinary differential equations via differential transform method
Ünal, Emrah; Gökdoğan, Ahmet
Recently, a new fractional derivative called the conformable fractional derivative is given which is based on the basic limit definition of the derivative in (Khalil et al., 2014). Then, the fractional versions of chain rules, exponential functions, Gronwall's inequality, integration by parts, Taylor power series expansions is developed in (Abdeljawad, 2015). In this paper, we give conformable fractional differential transform method and its application to conformable fractional differential equations.
AtıfScopus134WoS116OpenAlex140İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2017Scopus SJRQ2Assessment of effect of material properties on seismic response of a cantilever wall
Cakir, Tufan
Cantilever retaining wall movements generally depend on the intensity and duration of ground motion, the response of the soil underlying the wall, the response of the backfill, the structural rigidity, and soil-structure interaction (SSI). This paper investigates the effect of material properties on seismic response of backfill-cantilever retaining wall-soil/foundation interaction system considering SSI. The material properties varied include the modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, and mass density of the wall material. A series of nonlinear time history analyses with variation of material properties of the cantilever retaining wall are carried out by using the suggested finite element model (FEM). The backfill and foundation soil are modelled as an elastoplastic medium obeying the Drucker-Prager yield criterion, and the backfill-wall interface behavior is taken into consideration by using interface elements between the wall and soil to allow for de-bonding. The viscous boundary model is used in three dimensions to consider radiational effect of the seismic waves through the soil medium. In the seismic analyses, North-South component of the ground motion recorded during August 17, 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake in Yarimca station is used. Dynamic equations of motions are solved by using Newmark’s direct step-by-step integration method. The response quantities incorporate the lateral displacements of the wall relative to the moving base and the stresses in the wall in all directions. The results show that while the modulus of elasticity has a considerable effect on seismic behavior of cantilever retaining wall, the Poisson’s ratio and mass density of the wall material have negligible effects on seismic response.
AtıfScopus11WoS12OpenAlex7İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ2Prevalence and comparing of some microbiological properties, somatic cell count and antibiotic residue of organic and conventional raw milk produced in Turkey
Ürkek, Bayram; Şengül, Mustafa; Erkaya, Tuba; Aksakal, Vecihi
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of production systems and milk collection periods on the somatic cell count (SCC), some microbiological properties, total aerobic mesophilic bacteria (TAMB), coliform, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), yeast and mould) and antibiotic residue of milk; in Turkey. Milk samples were collected from 9 conventional farms and 9 organic farms during one year time, at six different months (December 2013 to October 2014), and all farms were selected from the same geographical locations. All organically managed farms had organic production certificates given by the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock. The count of TAMB, coliform, and coagulase positive S. aureus were affected by production systems at the level of p<0.01; yeast and mold, and somatic cell count (SCC) were affected at the level of p<0.05. But, differences according to months were statistically significant only on TAMB (p<0.01) and coliform (p<0.05) counts. The general means of TAMB, coliform and yeast and mould counts of the organic milk (OM) were significantly lower (p<0.05), while the general means of SCC and coagulase positive S. aureus count of the OM was significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to conventional milk (CM). Antibiotic residue was determined in one of the CM sample and in two of the OM samples. Our study is the first research that compared conventional and organic milk in Turkey. This study indicated that the microbiological quality of OM was the higher in terms of TAMB, coliform and yeast and mould, whereas was the lower in relation to SCC and coagulase positive S. aureus counts. But, the quality of both milk types should be improved.
AtıfScopus10WoS8OpenAlex12İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ2Synthesis of imine bond containing insoluble polymeric ligand and its transition metal complexes, structural characterization and catalytic activity on esterification reaction
Gönül, İlyas; Ay, Burak; Karaca, Serkan; Saribiyik, Oguz Yunus; Yildiz, Emel; Serin, Selahattin
In this study, synthesis of insoluble polymeric ligand (L) and its transition metal complexes [Cu(L) Cl2]·2H2O (1), [Co(L)Cl2(H2O)2] (2) and [Ni(L)Cl2(H2O)2] (3), having the azomethine groups, were synthesized by the condensation reactions of the diamines and dialdehydes. The structural properties were characterized by the analytical and spectroscopic methods using by elemental analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared, Thermo Gravimetric Analysis, Powder X-ray Diffraction, magnetic susceptibility and Inductively Coupled Plasma. The solubilities of the synthesized polymeric materials were also investigated and found as insoluble some organic and inorganic solvents. Additionally, their catalytic performance was carried out for the esterification reaction of acetic acid and butyl acetate. The highest conversion rate is 75.75% by using catalyst 1. The esterification of butanol gave butyl acetate with 100% selectivity.
AtıfScopus4WoS4OpenAlex7İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2017Scopus SJRQ1Determination of optimum ejector operating pressures for anodic recirculation in SOFC systems
Genc, Omer; Toros, Serkan; Timurkutluk, Bora
In this study, a numerical analysis of an ejector for micro combined heat and power system based on 18 kW Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) using methane as fuel is presented. An ejector design, which reflects the real system conditions in the view of the flow characteristics, is provided and the ejector performance is numerically investigated for various methane pressure to exhaust pressure ratios and methane inlet temperatures. The results show that the fuel inlet temperature and the pressure ratio of the methane to exhaust significantly affect the steam to carbon ratio (STCR) and entrainment ratio. The higher pressure ratio and methane temperature allow a high entrainment ratio and STCR, but as pressure ratio and methane temperature increase, STCR and entrainment ratio remain unchanged after a specific value. 1140 different scenarios related with the inlet and outlet pressures of the ejector and methane temperature are created to determine the optimum operating conditions. The simulations show that the optimum methane inlet pressure is 7 bar and exhaust pressure is 1.159 bar for the ejector geometry of the interest. The entrainment ratio and STCR are determined as 2.05 and 0.92, respectively at this optimum scenario.
AtıfScopus34WoS31OpenAlex37İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ3A fourth order approximation of the neumann type overdetermined elliptic problem
Ashyralyyev, Charyyar
In this paper, we consider an inverse elliptic problem with Neumann type overdetermination and construct a fourth order of accuracy difference scheme for its solution. Stability, almost coercive stability and coercive stability estimates for the solution of difference problem are proved. Later, we construct a fourth order difference scheme for an inverse problem for multidimensional elliptic equation with Neumann type overdetermination and Dirichlet boundary condition. Finally, we illustrate numerical example with descriptions of numeric realization in a two-dimensional case.
AtıfScopus19WoS12OpenAlex17İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ1Antiproliferative and apoptotic effect of Morus nigra extract on human prostate cancer cells
Turan, Ibrahim; Demir, Selim; Kilinc, Kagan; Burnaz, Nesibe Arslan; Yaman, Serap Ozer; Akbulut, Kubra; Mentese, Ahmet; Aliyazicioglu, Yuksel; Deger, Orhan
Background: Morus nigra L. belongs to the family Moraceae and is frequently used in traditional medicine. Numerous studies have investigated the antiproliferative effects of various extracts of different Morus species, but studies involving the in vitro cytotoxic effect of M. nigra extract are very limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of dimethyl sulfoxide extract of M. nigra (DEM) and to investigate, for the first time, the probable cytotoxic effect in human prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3) cells together with the mechanism involved. Methods: Total polyphenolic contents (TPC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and phenolic compounds of DEM were evaluated using spectrophotometric procedures and HPLC. The cytotoxic effect of DEM on PC-3 cells was revealed using the MTT assay. Mechanisms involved in the cytotoxic effect of DEM on PC-3 cells were then investigated in terms of apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential and cell cycle using flow cytometry, while caspase activity was investigated using luminometric analysis. Results: TPC and FRAP values were 20.7 ± 0.3 mg gallic acid equivalents and 48.8 ± 1.6 mg trolox equivalents per g sample, respectively. Ascorbic acid and chlorogenic acid were the major phenolic compounds detected at HPLC analysis. DEM arrested the cell cycle of PC-3 cells at the G1 phase, induced apoptosis via increased caspase activity and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. Conclusions: Our results indicate that M. nigra may be a novel candidate for the development of new natural product based therapeutic agents against prostate cancer.
AtıfScopus71WoS66OpenAlex78İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ2Excited Neutrino Search Potential of the FCC-Based Electron-Hadron Colliders
Caliskan, A.
The production potential of the excited neutrinos at the FCC-based electron-hadron colliders, namely, the ERL60⊗FCC with √s = 3.46 TeV, the ILC⊗FCC with √s = 10 TeV, and the PWFA-LC⊗FCC with √s = 31.6 TeV, has been analyzed. The branching ratios of the excited neutrinos have been calculated for the different decay channels and shown that the dominant channel is ∗→eW+. We have calculated the production cross sections with the process of ep→∗q→eW+q and the decay widths of the excited neutrinos with the process of ∗→eW+. The signals and corresponding backgrounds are studied in detail to obtain accessible mass limits. It is shown that the discovery limits obtained on the mass of the excited neutrino are 2452 GeV for Lint=100 fb-1, 5635 GeV for Lint=10 fb-1 (6460 GeV for Lint=100 fb-1), and 10200 GeV for Lint=1 fb-1 (13960 GeV for Lint=10 fb-1), for the center-of-mass energies of 3.46, 10, and 31.6 TeV, respectively.
AtıfScopus10WoS10OpenAlex13İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ2Phenolic characterisation and antioxidant activity of Primula vulgaris and its antigenotoxic effect on fibroblast cells
Ozkan, Mehtap Tugce; Aliyazicioglu, Rezzan; Demir, Selim; Misir, Sema; Turan, Ibrahim; Yildirmis, Sermet; Aliyazicioglu, Yuksel
Background: Primula vulgaris has been used in traditional treatment, and its biological functions are attributed to its polyphenolics content. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the phenolics composition and the antioxidant activity of water extract of P. vulgaris (WEP) and to determine its probable preventive effects against H2O2-induced DNA damage in human fibroblast cells. Methods: The total polyphenolic content (TPC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and radical scavenging activity of WEP were determined using spectrophotometric methods. Phenolic compounds and antigenotoxic effects of WEP were evaluated using HPLC and comet assay, respectively. Results: The TPC and FRAP values of WEP were 15.023 ± 0.84 mg gallic acid and 82.63 ± 0.31 μM trolox per g sample, respectively. ρ-coumaric acid and rutin were detected as major phenolics. Moreover, WEP reducedH2O2-induced DNA damage in a concentration dependent manner in fibroblast cells compared to the positive controls (only 20 μMH2O2 treatment). Conclusions: Primula vulgaris can be used in food, cosmetics, and drug industries because of its antioxidant and antigenotoxic activities.
AtıfScopus26WoS30OpenAlex25İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2017Scopus SJRQ3The effect of plasma electrolytic oxidation process parameters on the tribocorrosion properties of TiO2 coatings
Sukuroglu, Ebru Emine; Farzi, Hamed; Sukuroglu, Suleyman; Totik, Yasar; Arslan, Ersin; Efeoglu, Ihsan
Despite the fact that Titanium and its alloys are materials which have excellent corrosion-resistant properties, they have poor wear and friction performance under tribological conditions. The aim of this study is to find suitable parameters for the surface treatment of Cp-Ti substrates which are used under saline environment. In this study, TiO2 coatings were grown on Cp-Ti substrates at different frequencies which are parameters of the coating process. Due to its low cost and ability to achieve high thicknesses, The Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) method was applied to grow TiO2 coatings. The microstructures, morphology, and crystallographic structure were analyzed using SEM and XRD. Tribocorrosion properties of the coatings were investigated using a combination of the pin-on-disk wear test and potentiodynamic polarization test units. The frequency is known to have a strong impact on the PEO process. The impacts of frequency changes on the PEO coating performance were examined under a constant voltage. As result, the increase of the frequency caused smaller pores and cracks in the surface morphology of the coating and at the same time this yielded an increment on the tribocorrosion behavior of the coating.
AtıfScopus20WoS18OpenAlex18İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2017Scopus SJRQ2The operator method for local fractional linear differential equations
Ünal, Emrah; Gökdoğan, Ahmet; Cumhur, İshak
In this work, we give the particular solution for nonhomogeneous sequential linear conformable fractional differential equations with constant coefficients by using the operator method.
AtıfScopus9WoS7OpenAlex9İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ2Comparison of stochastic and random models for bacterial resistance
Merdan, Mehmet; Bekiryazici, Zafer; Kesemen, Tulay; Khaniyev, Tahir
In this study, a mathematical model of bacterial resistance considering the immune system response and antibiotic therapy is examined under random conditions. A random model consisting of random differential equations is obtained by using the existing deterministic model. Similarly, stochastic effect terms are added to the deterministic model to form a stochastic model consisting of stochastic differential equations. The results from the random and stochastic models are also compared with the results of the deterministic model to investigate the behavior of the model components under random conditions.
AtıfScopus25WoS25OpenAlex25İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2017Scopus SJRQ1Nothing is more important than my partner's health: Turkish men's perspectives on partner's appearance after mastectomy and alopecia
Gürsoy, Ayla; Koçan, Sema; Aktuğ, Cemile
Purposes The aim of this study was to acquire a deeper understanding of male experiences on the emotional and social impact of their partners’ mastectomy and chemotherapy-induced alopecia. Methods A purposive sample of 16 males whose partners had undergone mastectomy and alopecia due to chemotherapy was chosen. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview method. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of tape-recorded interviews was employed. Results Two main themes emerged from the data: facing the changes and my wife and I at present. Male partners were affected differently by the change in the physical appearance of their female partners. Our study participants said it was a difficult experience to see their partners for the first time after the surgery, but they emphasized that it was more important that their partners were healthy than the fact that they did not have a breast and hair. They also said they did not know how to behave towards their partners after surgery and/or chemotherapy. Nevertheless, they felt that the disease process of their partners had strengthened their bond and had not negatively influenced their relationship with others. Conclusions The changes in the partners’ physical appearance after mastectomy and chemotherapy affected males differently in psychological, emotional and social terms. Since nurses working in this field are in contact with patients during all phases of treatment and care, it would be positive and beneficial to plan nursing interventions that give emotional support for male partners of patients with breast cancer.
AtıfScopus8WoS8OpenAlex12İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2017Scopus SJRQ3Approximate solution for an inverse problem of multidimensional elliptic equation with multipoint nonlocal and neumann boundary conditions
Ashyralyyev, Charyyar; Akyuz, Gulzipa; Dedeturk, Mutlu
In this work, we consider an inverse elliptic problem with Bitsadze-Samarskii type multipoint nonlocal and Neumann boundary conditions. We construct the first and second order of accuracy difference schemes (ADSs) for problem considered. We stablish stability and coercive stability estimates for solutions of these difference schemes. Also, we give numerical results for overdetermined elliptic problem with multipoint Bitsadze-Samarskii type nonlocal and Neumann boundary conditions in two and three dimensional test examples. Numerical results are carried out by MATLAB program and brief explanation on the realization of algorithm is given.
AtıfScopus22WoS19İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ3Production of structured lipid with a low omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids ratio by enzymatic interesterification
Ilyasoglu, H.
A structured lipid (SL) constituting omega fatty acids was synthesized by using linseed and grape seed oils as substrates via a lipase-catalyzed reaction. Lipozyme® TL IM was used as a biocatalyst. Good quadratic models predicting the incorporation of omega fatty acids were achieved via the Response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions for targeted omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio (2:1) were obtained at a substrate molar ratio 1.4, time 8.4 h, and enzyme amount 6.4%. The SL contained linoleic acid (43 g 100g-1), which was mainly located in the sn-2 position (40 g 100g-1). α-Linoleic acid, and α-linolenic acid at the sn-2 position were 22 g 100g-1, and 11 g 100g-1, respectively. The oxidative stability of the SL, and SL with antioxidants was also investigated. The produced SL may be proposed as a source of a balanced intake of omega fatty acids and an ingredient in functional food formulations.
AtıfScopus5WoS4OpenAlex6İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ4Association of IGF and IGFBP2 gene polymorphisms with growth and egg traits in Atak-S laying hens
Das, Huseyin; Tarim, B.; Demir, S.; Küçükkent, N.; Cengiz, S.; Tülek, E.; Aksakal, V.
Atak-S laying hens are a high-performance hybrid obtained by crossing of the Rhode Island Red (RIR) X the Barred Plymouth Rock (BR) and are being produced in the Ankara Poultry Research Institute since 1997. Phenotypic and genetic improving studies are continuous for this hybrid. In this study three different SNPs, two from IGF1 and one from IGFBP2 genes, were examined in 150 Atak-S chickens. Genetic association of SNPs were compared to body weight and egg number till 32 weeks of age, body weight at sexual maturity, age at sexual maturity and also egg quality traits such as egg shell breaking strength, shell thickness, Haugh unit, albumen index, yolk index and shape index were statistically analyzed. Only IGF1(a) locus was in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, while, the rest of the loci were not. As a result of the comparisons performed to the three SNPs, it was determined that there was a significant association (P < 0.05) between the T364C haplotypes of the IGF1(b) locus and body weight at 32 weeks of age, but there was not any association to the other traits.
AtıfScopus3WoS2OpenAlex4İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ3Numerical solution to Bitsadze-Samarskii type elliptic overdetermined multipoint NBVP
Ashyralyyev, Charyyar
This paper is devoted to a Bitsadze-Samarskii type overdetermined multipoint nonlocal boundary value problem (NBVP). This inverse problem is reduced to an auxiliary multipoint NBVP. Stability estimates for the solution of the auxiliary NBVP are established. The finite difference method is applied to get the first and second order of accuracy of approximate solutions of the abstract overdetermined problem. Stability estimates for the solution of difference problems are proved. Then the established abstract results are applied to get stability estimates for the solution of the Bitsadze-Samarskii type overdetermined elliptic multidimensional differential and difference problems with multipoint nonlocal boundary conditions (NBVC). Finally, numerical results with explanation on the realization for two dimensional and three dimensional elliptic overdetermined multipoint NBVPs in test examples are presented.
AtıfScopus30WoS23OpenAlex27İncele