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- MakaleYalnız künye2014Scopus SJRQ2A large and rapid planar failure: Causes, mechanism, and consequences (Mordut, Gumushane, Turkey)
Alemdag, S.; Akgun, A.; Kaya, A.; Gokceoglu, C.
Gumushane is a small city located on highway connecting the harbour city Trabzon in the Black Sea Region of Turkey to the Eastern Anatolia. Following an excavation to create an area for housing on the northeast side of this highway, a large and rapid planar failure inclined to the southwest occurred. A large amount of fractured and weathered granitic material moved downward over this planar failure. After the failure, the highway was closed to traffic for 1 week, and more than ten houses on top of this failure were collapsed completely. The present study aims to investigate the mechanism of this failure. The study was performed using kinematical, limit equilibrium and numerical analyses for both post- and pre-failure conditions. Based on the detailed field observations, the failure mode was determined to be planar, and the slide mechanism was determined to be controlled by three fault planes. As a result of these analyses, it can be concluded that the slope before failure had critical conditions and that the excavation and uncontrolled blasting triggered and accelerated the slope failure.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2010Scopus SJRQ2Meibomian carcinoma of the eyelid in a Simmental cow
Gokhan, Nezihe; Sozmen, Mahmut; Ozba, Burhan; Gungor, Emine
Objective: To describe the clinical and pathomorphological features of meibomian carcinoma (MC) diagnosed in a Simmental cow. Material and methods: A 7-year-old Simmental cow was admitted to the Veterinary Surgery Clinics of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, Kars, Turkey. The signalment and anatomical distribution were summarized and focused on pathomorphological description. Results: Macroscopically, a papillary mass, 5 × 3.5 × 7 cm in size, arising from the left lower eyelid with local spread to the upper eyelid and covering the entire globe was observed. The mass was ulcerated and hemorrhagic and applied pressure to the globe. Following sedation and local anesthesia, the mass and globe were excised. Histopathological examination revealed an MC. Conclusions: The diagnosis of MC is infrequent in veterinary literature. Complete surgical excision could be curative and histopathology is crucial for the diagnosis of MC occurring in animals.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2014Scopus SJRQ3The population vigors of diallel F4 offsprings of six bread wheat genotypes for grain yield under irrigated and rain-fed conditions; [Altı ekmeklik buğday genotipinin diallel F4 melez döllerinde sulu ve yağmura dayalı koşullar altında populasyon güçleri]
Yildirim, Mustafa; Çakmak, Mustafa
Grain yield estimate from early segregating populations is an interesting feature of today’s wheat breeding programs, and F1 populations are generally recommended as the most suitable population by researchers. In the present study, we evaluated the population vigor of diallel F4 offsprings of six bread wheat genotypes (Sultan, Bezostaya, Süzen, Harmankaya, Altay and Gerek) under irrigated (IR) and rain-fed conditions (RF). The experiment as two sets under IR and RF were established in the field of Anatolian Agricultural Research Institute, Eskişehir. The mean of grain yield (5468 kg ha-1) of F4 populations in RF and IR had been lower than the mean of genotypes (5654 kg ha-1). The mean of grain yield of genotypes (7062 kg ha-1) under IR was higher than F4 populations (6703 kg ha-1), while genotypes and F4 populations were nearly similar under RF (4246 kg ha-1 and 4234 kg ha-1, respectively). The mid-variety population vigor for grain yield varied from-6.70% (Hrm/Grk) to 8.77% (Bez/Grk) under RF, and from-22.58% (Sltn/Alty) to 10.87% (Bez/Süzen) under IR. There was not positive significance population vigor in F4s. According to results under RF and IR, F4 populations are observed as the most suitable populations for realistically estimation of grain yield performance of populations.
AtıfScopus2OpenAlex3İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2015Scopus SJRQ3Hessenberg matrices and the Pell-Lucas and Jacobsthal numbers
Aktaş, Ibrahim; Köse, Hasan
There are many relationships between the number theory and matrix theory. In this work, we defined two upper Hessenberg Matrices and then we showed that the permanents of these Hessenberg matrices are Pell-Lucas and Jacobsthal numbers.
AtıfScopus1İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2014Scopus SJRQ2A study on the determination of the morphological, Yield and quality characteristics of some sainfoin species (Onobrychis spp.) native to East Anatolia
Okcu, Melih; Şengül, Süleyman
Objective of the present study is to identify the species belonging to the genus Onobrychis (Fabaceae) growing native in and around Erzurum, and to determine their overall prevalence and morphological and quality characteristics. Species samples were collected from different locations in flowering periods of 2007, 2008 and 2009. At the end of the study, totally 10 genotypes were found representing 8 species and 2 sub-species. It was found that leaf length and leaflet frequency were the largest in O. atropatana var. grandiflora, the number of leaflets was the highest in O. viciifolia, the length and width of leaflets were maximum in O. radiata, the number of main branches and the number of fascicles in main branches were in O. hajastana, crude ash rate was highest in O. stenostachya, plant fresh and dry weight, ADF and NDF rate were highest in O. cornuta, where as crude protein rate was slightly higher in O. stenostachya subsp. sosnowskyi than other taxa.
AtıfScopus2WoS3İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2013Scopus SJRQ3Ecological and economical advantages of solar water heating systems used by forest villagers in Gumushane, Turkey
Çakir, Günay
Clean and safety energies are crucial for our world energy requirements. Therefore, the environmental awareness on the topic will also increase the use of clean energy especially in rural and urban areas. A solar energy water heater solar system is one of the clean energy systems and has the best environmental impact in the region. This study concentrates on analyzing the solar energy heater systems having ecological impacts and economical advantages used by 891 single forest villagers in Gumushane province. Average energy saving were calculated for monthly and yearly for the families use solar heating water systems. Thus, we came to the conclusion of that it is highly important economically and ecologically having advantage of solar energy water heater systems for Gumushane province. The results of this study can be summarized as followings solar water heating systems; a) reduce the rate of burning wood and carbon emission, b) save 75 kW electric energy, c) total wood saved 1291.5 m3 and d) 1635 $/year for per forest villager house.
- BildiriYalnız künye2012Fractional parabolic differential and difference equations with the Dirichlet-Neumann condition
Ashyralyev, Allaberen; Emirov, Nazar; Cakir, Zafer
The multidimensional fractional parabolic equation with the Dirichlet-Neumann condition is studied. Stability estimates for the solution of the initial-boundary value problem for this fractional parabolic equation are established. The stable difference schemes for this problem are presented. Stability estimates for the solution of the first order of accuracy difference scheme are obtained. A procedure of modified Gauss elimination method is applied for the solution of first and second order of accuracy difference schemes of one-dimensional fractional parabolic differential equations.
AtıfScopus2WoS1OpenAlex1İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2014Scopus SJRQ3Investigation of the possible use of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) essential oil on butter stability; [Tereyaǧi{dotless} stabilitesi üzerine çörekotu (Nigella sativa L.) uçucu yaǧi{dotless} kullani{dotless}labilirliǧinin araşti{dotless}ri{dotless}lmasi{dotless}]
Çakmakçi, Songül; Gündoǧdu, Engin; Daǧdemir, Elif; Erdoǧan, Ümmügülsüm
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) essential oil on butter stability. For this aim, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 wt-% essential oil was added to the butter. Antioxidant activity of the essential oil was compared to that of synthetic antioxidant BHT (100 ppm). All samples were stored at 4±1°C for 90 days. Thiobarbituric acid and peroxide values of all samples containing essential oil were decreased depending on concentrations. The amount of 0.2% of essential oil had showed strong antioxidant activity, which was almost equal to that of BHT. The addition of essential oil reduced total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and coliform bacteria count during storage period but did not show remarkable antifungal activity. Samples containing essential oil were preferred by the panellists compared to Control sample. Present results indicate that black cumin essential oil may be considered as a new source of natural antioxidant.
AtıfScopus20WoS15OpenAlex6İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2014Scopus SJRQ1The comparison of different mathematical methods to determine the BOD parameters, a new developed method and impacts of these parameters variations on the design of WWTPs
Sibil, Rahim; Berkun, Mehmet; Bekiroglu, Serkan
One of the most common tests for the determination of strength and organic content of wastewater is the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). This test is widely applied to define organic water pollution and to control the performance of wastewater treatment plants. Generally, BOD is standardized by the measurement of oxygen consumption in 5days (BOD5). But, determination of the ultimate biochemical oxygen demand (BODu), which is taken 28days and the reaction rate constant (k) are necessary to understand the organic strength of the wastewater. In this study, the different mathematical methods in order to determine the BOD parameters (BODu, k) and two different BOD test method (respirometer and dilution method) are investigated comparatively. Also, a new method based on cubic spline method to estimate ultimate BOD values is developed. Moreover, the impacts of BOD parameters on the design of an activated sludge and aerated lagoon systems are analyzed by using a written user-friend program, which is developed for designing WWTPs by the mean of C++ programming language.Analytical results show that there is a satisfactory linear relationship between respirometric and dilution BOD values. Also, the mathematical methods, including new developed method generally provide consistent results with high correlation coefficients. On the other hand, it is found that LOG differences method for respirometric test and the new developed method for dilution test do not give good correlation coefficients. Moreover, activated sludge and aerated lagoons systems' sizes show significant changing depending on the variations of the BOD parameters. Consequently, BOD parameters show significant changes depending on the different test and mathematical methods. Therefore, the changing of these parameters impact a lot of situation such as ultimate BOD estimation, the wastewater treatment plants design, the dimensions of the plants and cost of the plants.
AtıfScopus20WoS15OpenAlex24İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2011Scopus SJRQ2Mild and severe anal incontinence after lateral internal sphincterotomy: Risk factors, postoperative anatomical findings and quality of life
Kement, M.; Karabulut, M.; Gezen, F.C.; Demirbas, S.; Vural, S.; Oncel, M.
Aim: This study aims to evaluate the risk factors for incontinence after lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) and assess quality of life in different levels of incontinence. Methods: All consecutive patients (n = 253) with chronic anal fissure who underwent LIS between 2003 and 2006 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were questioned for possible anal incontinence according to the Wexner Incontinence Score (WIS). Demographics, vaginal delivery history, additional procedures and surgeon's experience were evaluated as risk factors. Endoanal ultrasound (EUS) was performed in incontinent patients to assess the thickness of the remaining internal sphincter and to evaluate any injury in the external sphincter. Quality of life was questioned with SF-36. Results: Twenty-eight (11.7%) patients suffered from incontinence (mean WIS = 3.6 ± 2.5). The search for a risk factor was unsuccessful when continent and incontinent groups were compared. In subgroup analyses, patients were found to be suffering from mild (WIS <5, n = 19) or severe (WIS >5, n = 9) incontinence. Vaginal delivery history was found more often in the severely incontinent subgroup than in the continent group (p < 0.05). Also, vaginal delivery history and the additional procedures were more frequently observed in the severely incontinent subgroup than in the mildly incontinent subgroup. EUS did not find any external sphincter injury in these cases. WIS had negative correlations with the physical and mental component scores of SF-36. Conclusion: In our opinion, the threat for incontinence is unpredictable; however, vaginal delivery history may increase the risk of severe incontinence.
AtıfScopus14WoS13OpenAlex17İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2011Scopus SJRQ2Finite element model calibration of berke arch dam using operational modal testing
Sevim, Bariş; Bayraktar, Alemdar; Altunişik, Ahmet Can
This paper presents the finite element calibration of Berke Arch Dam by using Operational Modal Testing. Achievement of this purpose involves structural vibration characteristics of Berke Arch Dam using analytical and Operational Modal Analyses. Therefore, the study has two parts-analytical and experimental. In the analytical part of the study, the authors developed a 3D finite element model of Berke Arch Dam-reservoir-foundation system using ANSYS software, and analytically determined vibration characteristics such as natural frequencies and mode shapes. In the experimental part of the study, sensitive accelerometers were placed to several points of Berke Arch Dam, and ambient vibration tests were conducted over four days to obtain dynamic characteristics. The Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition technique is used to estimate natural frequencies, mode shapes and damping ratios of the Berke Arch Dam experimentally. Results showed that there were some differences between analytical and experimental natural frequencies of the dam. Therefore, an analytical model of Berke Arch Dam was calibrated to minimize these differences by changing material properties. Analytical results obtained from the calibrated model mainly conform to those of the experimental model.
AtıfScopus53WoS43OpenAlex44İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2014Scopus SJRQ2Hybrid performance and heterosis in F1 offspring of triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm.)
Yildirim, Mustafa; Gezginç, Hasan; Paksoy, Ali Haydar
In this study, the combined ability effects and heterosis were determined for number of days to anthesis (AT), plant height (PH), fertile tillers plant-1 (FT), spike length (SL), spikelets spike-1 (SS) and grains spike-1 (GS), 1000-kernel weight (TW), and grain yield plant-1 (GY) of 4 triticale genotypes [Karma (G1), Presto (G2), Ayşehanım (G3), and Mehmetbey (G4)] and their 6 F1 offspring. The mean squares of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were statistically significant for all traits. According to the GCA/SCA, additive gene effects were found for all traits. According to the desired values for traits on the basis of GCA and SCA, parents G1 were good general combiners for 3 traits, G3 for 6, and G4 for 6. Crosses G1 × G2 were good specific combiners for 3 traits, G1 × G3 for 3, G1 × G4 for 3, G2 × G3 for 5, G2 × G4 for 6, and G3 × G4 for 4. Heterosis and heterobeltiosis were -16.78% and -25.71% for AT, -1.66% and -11.02% for PH, 34.25% and 9.87% for FT, 14.62% and 11.44% for SL, 8.09% and 3.87% for SS, 4.57% and 0.91% for GS, 9.67% and 6.13% for TW, and 30.36% and 9.11% for GY, respectively. The results revealed that G2 × G3 and G2 × G4 combinations could be recommended for improved yield of triticale.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2015Scopus SJRQ2Simultaneous separation and preconcentration of Cd(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) ions in environmental samples by carrier element-free coprecipitation method prior to their flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination
Duran, Celal; Ozdes, Duygu; Akcay, Hakki Turker; Serencam, Huseyin; Tufekci, Mehmet
ABSTRACT: In the present study, Cd(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) ions were separated and preconcentrated via carrier element-free coprecipitation (CEFC) method by using an organic coprecipitating agent, 1,2-bis-(2-tosyl ethoxy) benzene (BTEB), prior to their flame atomic absorption spectrometric (FAAS) detections. The experimental conditions were optimized in terms of pH of the aqueous solution, BTEB amount, standing time, centrifugation rate and time, and sample volume. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the detection limits for Cd(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) ions were found to be 0.13, 0.67, and 0.46 μg L−1, respectively, and the relative standard deviations for the analyte ions were found to be lower than 4.0%. The accuracy of the method was tested by analyzing certified reference material and spike tests. The method was applied to determine the levels of Cd(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) ions in sea and stream water, macaroni, red lentil, and cracked wheat samples.
AtıfScopus17WoS16OpenAlex16İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2014Scopus SJRQ4The relationship between capital flows and current deficit: Evidence from Turkey
Akbas, Yusuf Ekrem; Senturk, Mehmet; Sancar, Canon
The present paper analyzed the relationship between current account deficit and capital flows in Turkey over the period from 1990-2011. Augmented Dickey Fuller and Dickey Fuller-Generalized Least Squares unit root tests were used to analyze the stability of current deficit (CA) and capital flows (CF) series. Then, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound test was used in order to check if there is cointegration between the series according to the results obtained from the ARDL test. To conclude, the study revealed that is a cointegration relationship between current deficit and capital flows in Turkey.
- MakaleYalnız künye2012Scopus SJRQ3Petrography and geochemistry of Eocene sandstones from eastern Pontides (NE TURKEY): Implications for source area weathering, provenance and tectonic setting
Eker, Cigdem Saydam
Subaerial weathering level, source area and tectonic environments were interpreted by using petrographic and geochemical characteristics of Eocene age sandstones found in the eastern Pontides. The thickness of Eocene age clastic rocks in the eastern Pontides ranges from 195 to 400 m. Mineralogical components of sandstones were mainly quartz, feldspar, rock fragments, and opaque and accessory minerals. Depending on their matrix and mineralogical content, Eocene age sandstones are identified as arkosic arenite-lithic arenite and feldspathic wacke-lithic wacke. CIA (Chemical Index of Alteration) values observed in the Eocene age sandstones (43-55) suggest that the source terrain of the sandstones was not affected by intense chemical weathering. Low CIW/CIA (Chemical Index of Weathering/Chemical Index of Alteration) values of the sandstones studied here suggest only slightly decomposed material and having undergone little transport until final deposition. Zr/Hf, Th/Sc, La/Sc and CIA ratios are low and demonstrate a mafic source; on the other hand, high LREE/HREE ratios and a slightly negative Eu anomaly indicate a subordinate fclsic source. Modal mineralogical and SiO 2/Al 2O 3 and K 2O/Na 2O and Th, Zr, Co, Sc of Eocene age sandstone contents indicate that they are probably magmatic arc originated and deposited in the back arc basin.
AtıfScopus22WoS23OpenAlex28İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2012Scopus SJRQ3Estimation of variance components and heritability of birth weight through different methods in Swedish Red and White cattle
Aksakal, V.; Bayram, B.; Yanar, M.; Akbulut, O.
Data on 368 birth records of Swedish Red and White cattle herd raised organically at Dogan Organic Dairy Cattle Farm for a period of 2006 and 2009 (4 years) were used to estimate the effects of different environmental factors on birth weight. Additionally, a comparison of four methods for variance component estimation to compute heritability of birth weight was performed using ML (Maximum likelihood), MINQUE (Minimum variance quadratic unbiased estimation), REML (Restricted maximum likelihood) and Henderson's Method III. Average abortion rate, stillbirth rate, twin and single birth rates of Swedish Red and White cattle were as 4.5%, 4.3%, 3.2% and 87.7% respectively. The least squares mean for birth weight was 37.4±0.70 kg. While effects of calving year (P<0.01), calving season (P<0.05) and sex of calve (P<0.01) were significant, and the effect of age of dam was not significant (P>0.05). Sire and error variance components and standard error of the heritability obtained by using ML method were lower than those obtained by the other three methods. Heritability estimates for birth weight obtained by ML, REML, MINQUE and Henderson Method III were 0.57±0.22, 0.62±0.24, 0.65±0.25 and 0.59±0.24, respectively. It is concluded that the ML procedure was superior for estimating variance components and heritability of birth weight of Swedish Red and White cattle and non-genetic factors influencing the birth weight should also be considered in selection and an adjustment for the significant environmental factors should be made.
AtıfScopus2WoS1İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2011Scopus SJRQ2Solid waste management practices in Turkey
Berkun, Mehmet; Aras, Egemen; Anılan, Tugce
As an economically developing country, Turkey has very well operated integrated solid waste management applications structured on modern facilities, besides over 2,000 scattered open dump areas in the country. Integrated waste management applications seem eligible for the metropolitan cities like Istanbul and Izmit (Kocaeli). Attempts have not been encouraging for the scattered regional settlements using central storage sites due to financial shortages and received rejections from nearby settlements. Small-scale compact solid waste management systems with materials recycling and composting can be more suitable alternatives in the small-scale regional settlements. The major constituents of municipal solid waste are organic in nature and approximately a quarter of municipal solid waste is recyclable. Although paper, including cardboard, is the main constituent, the composition of recyclable waste varies strongly by the source or the type of collection point. Solid wastes need primary treatment in order to be suitable for incineration and composting. Turkey needs to give more emphasis on the usage of modern solid waste removal technologies to overcome the overgrowing solid waste disposal problems.
AtıfScopus25WoS18OpenAlex33İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2015Scopus SJRQ2Determination to Results of Forest Management Planning Applications with Land Use Changes from 1971 to 2008 in Yalova-Turkey
Çakir, Günay; Özdemir, Mehmet
The forest conservation organizations in Turkey have recommended changing the classical forest management systems to protect forest biodiversity since 2006. This study discusses the spatio-temporal analysis of forest management activities and land use changes in Yalova Forest Ecosystems, Turkey. We focused on the Yalova City because (a) it is located in a highly urbanized area, northwestern Turkey, (b) forest is a governmental ownership and producing of many non-wood forest product and wildlife species, (c) governmental organizations are encouraged to be decreased clear-cuts to protect forest ecosystems; (d) GIS databases are available in Yalova; (e) Yalova Forestry Administration has a membership of the Mediterranean Model Forest Network in 2011, and (f) many new forest policies will be developed in Turkey after the membership of the model forest. This study used forest management plans of Yalova Forest during 1971–2008 periods and analyzed data in geographic information system (GIS). Results showed that the rate of forest area in the Yalova steadily increased from 53.4 % in 1971 to 61.2 % to 62.5 % between 1994 and 2008 respectively.
AtıfScopus2WoS3OpenAlex2İncele - BildiriYalnız künye2012Modeling of FLC-incremental based MPPT using DC-DC boost converter for standalone PV system
Cakmak, Recep; Altas, Ismail H.; Sharaf, Adel M.
This paper presents the modeling of a Fuzzy Logic Controller-Incremental (FLC-Inc.) based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method and its comparison with traditional Perturb and Observation (P&O) method for standalone photovoltaic (PV) systems. The PV system, which is composed of PV panels, boost converter, MPPT unit and dc load, is modeled and digitally simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. The simulated results are illustrated to show the improvements obtained by the proposed FLC-Inc. based MPPT method.
AtıfScopus14OpenAlex16İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2015Scopus SJRQ3Gelfand numbers of diagonal matrices
Ismailov, Z.I.; Cona, L.; Çevik, E. Otkun
In this work, a connection between Gelfand numbers of infinite diagonal matrix with linear bounded operator-elements in the direct sum of Banach spaces and its coordinate operators has been investigated.
AtıfScopus5WoS3OpenAlex3TR Dizin3İncele
