Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yazarlar
- Tang, Thomas Li-Ping(4)
- Özbek, Mehmet Ferhat(4)
- Akande, Adebowale(3)
- Al-Zubaidi, Abdulqawi Salim(3)
- Allen, Michael W.(3)
- Ansari, Mahfooz A.(3)
- Arias-Galicia, Fernando(3)
- Borg, Mark G.(3)
- Canova, Luigina(3)
- Charles-Pauvers, Brigitte(3)
- Chen, Jingqiu(3)
- Cheng, Bor-Shiuan(3)
- Chiu, Randy Ki-Kwan(3)
- Correia, Rosário(3)
- De La Torre, Consuelo Garcia(3)
- Du, Linzhi(3)
- Garber, Ilya E.(3)
- Ibrahim, Abdul Hamid Safwat(3)
- Jen, Chin-Kang(3)
- Kazem, Ali Mahdi(3)
- Kim, Kilsun(3)
- Lim, Vivien Kim Geok(3)
- Luna-Arocas, Roberto(3)
- Malovics, Eva(3)
- Manganelli, Anna Maria(3)
- Moreira, Alice S.(3)
- Mpoyi, Richard T.(3)
- Nnedum, Obiajulu Anthony Ugochukwu(3)
- Osagie, Johnston E.(3)
- Osman-Gani, AAhad M.(3)
- Pereira, Francisco José Costa(3)
- Pholsward, Ruja(3)
- Polic, Marko(3)
- Sardžoska, Elisaveta Gjorgji(3)
- Skobic, Petar(3)
- Stembridge, Allen F.(3)
- Sutarso, Toto(3)
- Tang, Ningyu(3)
- Tang, Theresa Li-Na(3)
- Teo, Thompson Sian Hin(3)
Yayınlar
- Kitap BölümüYayıncıda açık erişim2024Behavioral economics and monetary wisdom: A cross-level analysis of monetary aspiration, pay (dis)satisfaction, risk perception, and corruption in 32 nations
Tang, Thomas Li-Ping; Li, Zhen; Özbek, Mehmet Ferhat; Lim, Vivien Kim Geok; Teo, Thompson Sian Hin; Ansari, Mahfooz A.; Sutarso, Toto; Garber, Ilya E.; Chiu, Randy Ki-Kwan; Charles-Pauvers, Brigitte
Corruption involves greed, money, and risky decision-making. We explore the love of money, pay satisfaction, probability of risk, and dishonesty across cultures. Avaricious monetary aspiration breeds unethicality. Prospect theory frames decisions in the gains–losses domain and high–low probability. Pay dissatisfaction (in the losses) excites dishonesty in the name of justice at the individual level. Corruption Perceptions Index, CPI, signals a high–low probability of getting caught for dishonesty at the country level. We theorize: Decision-makers adopt avaricious love of money aspiration as a lens and frame dishonesty in the gains–losses domain (pay satisfaction–dissatisfaction, Level 1) and high–low probability (CPI, Level 2) to maximize expected utility and ultimate serenity. We challenge the myth: Pay satisfaction curbs dishonesty across nations consistently. Cross-level three-dimensional visualization demonstrates (6500 managers in 32 countries across six continents): With high aspiration, pay dissatisfaction excites the highest- (third-highest) avaricious justice-seeking dishonesty in high (medium) CPI nations; pay satisfaction provokes the second-highest avaricious opportunity-seizing dishonesty in low CPI entities—maximizing expected utility. Low aspiration and high pay satisfaction consistently create low dishonesty—achieving ultimate serenity. We expand prospect theory from a micro and individual-level theory to a cross-level theory of monetary wisdom across 32 nations, providing novel insights to business ethics, the environment, and responsibility.
- Kitap BölümüYalnız künye2024Behavioral economics and Monetary Wisdom across 32 cultures: Good apples enjoy a good quality of life in good barrels
Tang, Thomas Li-Ping; Sutarso, Toto; Ansari, Mahfooz A.; Lim, Vivien Kim Geok; Teo, Thompson Sian Hin; Arias-Galicia, Fernando; Garber, Ilya E.; Chiu, Randy Ki-Kwan; Charles-Pauvers, Brigitte; Luna-Arocas, Roberto
Monetary Wisdom asserts that individuals apply their deep-rooted values (ardent monetary aspirations) to frame critical concerns in the immediate-proximal and omnibus-distal contexts and strategically maximize expected utility (achieve financial goals) and ultimate serenity (happiness). This study explores the bright side of Monetary Wisdom and behavioral economics, frames money attitude in the context of pay and life satisfaction, and controls money at the micro and individual level (Z income within each country) and the macro and national and global level (GDP per capita). We theorize: Managers with low love of money motive but high stewardship behavior will have high subjective well-being: pay satisfaction and quality of life. Data collected from 6586 managers in 32 cultures across 6 continents support our theory. Interestingly, GDP per capita is related to life satisfaction, but not to pay satisfaction. Individual income is related to both life and pay satisfaction. Neither GDP nor income is related to the Happiness construct (money makes people happy). For the whole sample, low motives, high stewardship behaviors, and high cognitions identify the latent Monetary Wisdom (MW), which, in turn, leads to higher pay satisfaction than life satisfaction. Results of our formative model challenge the notion that motives and cognitions are consistent in predict outcomes. Our theoretical model across three GDP groups (high, medium, and low GDP levels) offers additional innovative discoveries: In high GDP (rich) entities, “high income” not only reduces aspirations—“Rich, Motivator, and Power,” but also promotes stewardship behavior—“Factors Budget, Give/Donate, and Contribute” and cognitive meaning, “Factor Achievement.” After controlling income, we demonstrate the bright side of Monetary Wisdom: Low love of money motive but high stewardship behavior define Monetary Wisdom, which contributes to higher life satisfaction than pay satisfaction. “Good apples enjoy a good quality of life in good barrels”. This notion adds another explanation to managers’ low magnitude of dishonesty in entities with high Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) (risk aversion for gains in the high probability context). In medium GDP countries, high income is negatively related to Factors Motivator (motive), Budget (behavior), and Power (cognition). Managers enjoy higher life satisfaction than pay satisfaction. However, in low GDP (poor) entities, high income is related to poor Budgeting skills and escalated Happiness. Interestingly, income leads to the notion of high Happiness (cognition) for managers in low GDP countries only. Managers experience equal satisfaction with pay and life. Results of Monetary Wisdom add a new vocabulary to the conversation of monetary aspirations, intelligence, income, GDP, happiness, subjective well-being, good and bad apples, good and bad barrels, corruption, and behavioral ethics.
- Kitap BölümüYalnız künye2024Behavioral economics and Monetary Wisdom: The Enron Effect—Love of money, Corporate Ethical Values, Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI), and dishonesty across 31 geopolitical entities
Tang, Thomas Li-Ping; Sutarso, Toto; Ansari, Mahfooz A.; Lim, Vivien Kim Geok; Teo, Thompson Sian Hin; Arias-Galicia, Fernando; Garber, Ilya E.; Chiu, Randy Ki-Kwan; Charles-Pauvers, Brigitte; Luna-Arocas, Roberto
Monetary Wisdom asserts that individuals apply their deep-rooted values (the love of money attitudes, avaricious monetary aspirations) to frame critical concerns in the immediate-proximal and omnibus-distal contexts and strategically select certain options to maximize expected utility and ultimate serenity across context, people, and time at the individual, organizational, and national-global levels. This study explores the dark side of decision-making, e.g., avaricious monetary aspirations and corruption (dishonesty). Corruption involves greed, money, and risky decision-making. It is a risky prospect, involving a cost-benefit analysis of self-interest. We frame good or bad barrels in the environmental context as a proxy of high or low probability of getting caught for dishonesty, respectively. We theorize: Two levels of the subjective norm—perceived Corporate Ethical Values at the micro level (CEV, Level 1) and Corruption Perceptions Index at the macro level (CPI, Level 2), collected from multiple sources, jointly impact the magnitude and intensity of the relationships between love of money and dishonesty. Based on 6382 managers in 31 geopolitical entities across 6 continents, our cross-level three-way interaction effect illustrates the following discoveries: As expected, managers in good barrels (high CEV/high CPI), mixed barrels (low CEV/high CPI or high CEV/low CPI), and bad barrels (low CEV/low CPI) display a low, medium, and high magnitude of dishonesty, respectively. Context matters. With high CEV, the intensity is the same across cultures. With low CEV, the intensity of dishonesty is the highest in high CPI entities (risk seeking in the high probability context)—the Enron Effect, but the lowest in low CPI entities (risk aversion in the low probability context). Interestingly, CPI has a strong impact on the magnitude of dishonesty, whereas CEV has a strong impact on the intensity of dishonesty. We demonstrate dishonesty in light of monetary values and two frames of social norms, revealing critical implications to the field of business ethics. This chapter makes robust theoretical and practical contributions to Monetary Wisdom and business ethics.
- Kitap BölümüAçık Erişim2024Does interpersonal justice enhance organizational loyalty? A theory of justice, organizational citizenship behavior, and individualism: Testimony from Kyrgyzstan
Özbek, Mehmet Ferhat; Yoldash, Mohammad Asif; Tang, Thomas Li-Ping
Research suggests that organizational justice has important impacts on work-related attitudes and behaviors, such as organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). In this article, we explore the extent to which individualism moderates the relationship between organizational justice (procedural, distributive, and interactional justice) and OCB (organizational obedience, participation, and loyalty) among citizens in Kyrgyzstan. Specifically, we are interested to know: Which aspects of justice perceptions excite organizational loyalty? We make additional contributions to the literature because most global researchers know very little about how these Western management constructs prevail in this former Soviet Union country, Kyrgyzstan, an under-researched and under-represented region of the world. Results of our data collected from 402 managers and employees in Kyrgyzstan offer the following discoveries. All three justice constructs are related to OCB. Individualism moderates the relationships between (1) distributive justice and organizational participation, (2) distributive justice and organizational loyalty, and (3) interactional justice and organizational loyalty. We develop an intricate theory with provocative implications: Procedural justice produces obedience only and has no impact on organizational participation and loyalty. High distributive justice enhances high loyalty for people with low individualism. High interactional justice promotes high organizational loyalty for people with high individualism. For “individualists,” interactional justice inspires loyalty. Interestingly, distributive justice “can only buy” participation, but “can’t buy” loyalty. Therefore, for individualists, interactional justice outweighs distributive justice for enhancing organizational loyalty. Based on Kyrgyz citizens’ justice, OCB, and individualism, our theory reveals novel insights regarding culture, money attitude, and intrinsic motivation and provides critical and practical implications to the field of business ethics.
- Kitap BölümüYalnız künye2020A novel similarity measure for single-valued neutrosophic sets and their applications in medical diagnosis, taxonomy, and clustering analysis
Şahin, Ridvan; Karabacak, Mesut
As a generation of Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy set, the single-valued neutrosophic set is an important modeling approach for expressing and processing the inconsistent and indeterminate information very well. Similarity measure is an important tool frequently used in a variety of areas, from clustering analysis to medical diagnosis. Although neutrosophic literature has many similarity measures, they have some disadvantages that do not provide the general conditions of the similarity measure for some specific values. In this chapter, we present a novel similarity measure to handle the relationship between two single-valued neutrosophic sets. It uses a matrix norm and a strictly increasing (or decreasing) binary function called fuzzy implication, and provides axiomatic definition properties of similarity measure. The advantage of using fuzzy implications is that it offers not only different final options to decision-makers but also gives a parameterized class of similarity measures of SVNSs. It is appeared that the developed similarity measure gives better results when compared to other existing similarity measures. Finally, several numerical examples related to pattern recognition, such as medical diagnosis and taxonomy approach, and clustering analysis are performed to demonstrate the practical applicability of the proposed similarity measure.
- Kitap BölümüYalnız künye2020Process Uniformity During Electro-Thermal Applications and Modeling Approaches
Altin, Ozan; Ozturk, Samet; Topcam, Huseyin; Karatas, Ozan; Marra, Francesco; Erdogdu, Ferruh
This chapter brings a perspective to issues related to heating uniformity and modeling approaches of novel electrothermal technologies such as radio-frequency (RF) and microwave (MW) heating. Both RF (3 kHz–300 MHz) and MW (300 MHz–300 GHz) waves within the electromagnetic spectrum cause heat generation within foods as a result of molecular polarization and dipole rotation of existing water molecules (polar). RF and MW heating shows a great potential to achieve volumetric and rapid heat generation within food products, maintaining food quality and satisfying safety regulations in food industry compared with conventional heating systems.
- MakaleYalnız künye2016Geochemical, fluid inclusion and isotopic (O, H and S) constraints on the origin of Pb-Zn±Au vein-type mineralizations in the Eastern Pontides Orogenic Belt (NE Turkey)
Akaryali, Enver
The mineralization area (Altinpinar, Torul-Gümüşhane) is situated in the Southern Zone of the Eastern Pontides Orogenic Belt (EPOB), which is one of the important metallogenic provinces in the Alpine-Himalayan belt and is intruded by the late Carboniferous granitic rocks (Gümüşhane Granitoid), an early to middle Jurassic volcano-sedimentary unit consisting mainly of basaltic-andesitic volcanic and pyroclastic rocks (Şenköy Formation) and Eocene basaltic-andesitic volcanic rocks (Alibaba Formation). The studied Pb-Zn ± Au mineralizations are related to silica veins ranging from a few millimeters to a maximum of 40. cm in thickness and are localized within fracture zones developed along the contact between the Gümüşhane Granitoid and Şenköy Formation. Silicic, sulfidic, hematitic, argillic, intense chloritic and carbonate alteration are the most common types from the fault lines toward the outer zones. Cavity filling and banded structures are widely observed. The mineral paragenesis comprises galena, sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, tennantite and quartz. Mineral chemistry studies indicate that ion exchange occurs between Zn and Fe in sphalerites, and the Zn/Cd ratio of sphalerites varies between 50.65 and 144.64. The homogenization temperatures measured from fluid inclusions vary between 170. °C and 380. °C, especially between 250. °C and 300. °C, and the wt.% NaCl eqv. salinity of ore-forming fluids is between 2.4 and 7.3 (4.7 on average), supporting an epithermal system in their origin. The values of sulfur isotopes, which are obtained from pyrite and galena minerals, range between - 8.3‰ and - 2.3‰, indicating that sulfur, which enables mineral formation, originates from magmatic genesis. The average formation temperature of the ore is 317. °C as determined with a sulfur isotope geothermometer. The values of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes vary between 8.5‰ and 10.2‰ and - 91‰ and -73‰, respectively. With regard to the compositions of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes, fluids comprising the mineralization are formed by the mixture of magmatic water and meteoric water. This situation is supported by the fact that the increase in the homogenization temperature indicates dilution with surface water but depends on the increase in the salinity of fluid inclusions. Considering all the data, it is clear that the studied mineralization is an epithermal vein-type mineralization that is related to granitic magmas.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2016Comparison of practices related to occupational health and safety in microscale wood-product enterprises
Top, Yener; Adanur, Hakan; Öz, Mehmet
Risk factors in the workplace vary according to the sector and scale of the business. Small and medium-sized enterprises, especially those within the scope of the wood-products manufacturing industry, are considered to be risky, and have a relatively high accident rate. Here, we focus on the timber and furniture industries, two subsectors of the wood-products industry. A total of 47 enterprises was visited and asked to participate in a formal structured questionnaire. The findings show that the usage of personal protective equipment (PPE) was low, that lighting was often inadequate, and that these enterprises typically lacked routine organising and cleaning practices. The subsectors and the occupational health and safety practices were found to be independent, and a statistically significant relationship could only be established between the subsectors in terms of the use of dust masks and goggles. Despite the unfavourable working conditions, only one business out of 47 reported having an employee with symptoms of occupational diseases.
- MakaleYalnız künye2015Gamma ray spectrometry for recognition of hydrothermal alteration zones related to a low sulfidation epithermal gold mineralization (eastern Pontides, NE Türkiye)
Maden, Nafiz; Akaryali, Enver
This study presents an interpretation of radiospectrometric and magnetic data of Arzular mineralization site, which is one of the best examples for epithermal gold deposits located in the southern zone of the Eastern Pontides (NE Türkiye). Potassium is generally the most useful pathfinder element for gold mineralization zones because of its high level in altered rock surrounding the deposits. Where gold is hosted within quartz veins, typically the vein is low in the radioelements, but the hydrothermally altered host rocks will usually have a distinct radioelement signature useful for exploration. In this study, magnetic, susceptibility and radiospectrometric survey data radiometric signatures associated with the host rocks favorable for the mineralization, enhancing techniques such as the ratio maps as well as potassium (%K), equivalent thorium (eTh ppm) and equivalent uranium (eU ppm) maps were utilized. Our analysis showed that the gold mineralization associated with the alteration is significantly related to increase in potassium, due to adularia, a low T K-feldspar, and decreases in uranium and thorium due to the hydrothermal alteration and magmatic intrusion processes during the regional tectonic activities.
- MakaleYalnız künye2014The petrogenesis of Early Eocene non-adakitic volcanism in NE Turkey: Constraints on the geodynamic implications
Aydinçakir, Emre
Whole-rock geochemistry, mineral chemistry, the 40Ar-39Ar age, and Sr-Nd isotopic data are presented for the Early Eocene non-adakitic volcanic rocks on the eastern corner of the Eastern Pontides orogenic belt (NE Turkey). The tectonic setting of the Eastern Pontides during the Late Mesozoic to Early Cenozoic remains a topic of debate. Here, for the first time, we describe the Early Eocene non-adakitic volcanic rocks from the Eastern Pontides. These rocks contain plagioclase, hornblende phenocrysts, and magnetite/titanomagnetite and apatite microphenocrysts. Geochronology studies based on the 40Ar-39Ar ratio of the amphibole separates reveal that the non-adakitic porphyritic volcanic rocks have a crystallization age of 50.04±0.10 to 50.47±0.22Ma (Ypresian). The volcanic rocks show tholeiitic to calc-alkaline affinities and have low-to-medium K contents. They are also enriched in large-ion lithophile elements (LILE), light rare-earth elements (LREE), and depleted in high field strength elements (HFSE), with a no negative Eu anomaly (Eun/Eu*=1.03-1.08) in mantle-normalized trace element spidergrams. The samples (Lacn/Lucn=2.60-4.28) show low-to-medium enrichment in LREEs relative to HREEs, in chondrite-normalized REE patterns indicating similar sources for the rock suite. These rocks display a range of ISr (50Ma) values from 0.70451 to 0.70485, and E{open}Nd (50Ma) 2.9 and 3.7. The main solidification processes involved in the evolution of these volcanics consist of fractional crystallization, with minor amounts of crustal contamination. All of our evidence supports the conclusion that the parental magma of the rocks probably derived from an enriched mantle, previously metasomatized by fluids derived from the subducted slab, in a post-collisional, geodynamic setting.
- MakaleYalnız künye2014Assessment of strength properties of cemented paste backfill by ultrasonic pulse velocity test
Yilmaz, Tekin; Ercikdi, Bayram; Karaman, Kadir; Külekçi, Gökhan
Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test is one of the most popular non-destructive techniques used in the assessment of the mechanical properties of concrete or rock materials. In this study, the effects of binder type/dosage, water to cement ratio (w/c) and fines content (<20 μm) of the tailings on ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) of cemented paste backfill (CPB) samples were investigated and correlated with the corresponding unconfined compressive strength (UCS) data. A total of 96 CPB samples prepared at different mixture properties were subjected to the UPV and UCS tests at 7, 14, 28 and 56-days of curing periods. UPV and UCS of CPB samples of ordinary Portland cement (CEM I 42.5 R) and sulphate resistant cement (SRC 32.5) initially increased rapidly, but, slowed down after 14 days. However, UPV and UCS of CPB samples of the blast furnace slag cement (CEM III/A 42.5 N) steadily increased between 7 and 56 days. Increasing binder dosage or reducing w/c ratio and fines content (<20 μm) increased the UCS and UPV of CPB samples. UPV was found to be particularly sensitive to fines content. UCS data were correlated with the corresponding UPV data. A linear relation appeared to exist between the UCS and UPV of CPB samples. These findings have demonstrated that the UPV test can be reliably used for the estimation of the strength of CPB samples.
- MakaleYalnız künye2014LA-ICP MS zircon dating, whole-rock and Sr-Nd-Pb-O isotope geochemistry of the Camiboǧazi pluton, Eastern Pontides, NE Turkey: Implications for lithospheric mantle and lower crustal sources in arc-related I-type magmatism
Kaygusuz, Abdullah; Arslan, Mehmet; Siebel, Wolfgang; Sipahi, Ferkan; Ilbeyli, Nurdane; Temizel, Irfan
Late Cretaceous I-type plutons are widespread in the Eastern Pontides, NE Turkey. The studied Camiboǧazi pluton is a composite pluton consisting of diorite, tonalite, monzodiorite, monzonite, quartz monzonite, granite, and mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs). Laser ablation ICP-MS U-Pb dating of zircon yielded crystallization ages of 76.21±0.79Ma, 75.65±0.50Ma, 75.04±0.83Ma, and 74.73±0.86Ma for diorite, monzodiorite, monzonite, and granite, respectively. The rocks of the pluton have I-type, high-K to shoshonitic and metaluminous character, displaying whole-rock geochemical features of arc-related granites. They are enriched in large-ion lithophile and light rare-earth elements, and depleted in high-field-strength elements. Major element variations can be attributed to fractionation of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, hornblende, and Fe-Ti oxides. The rocks show considerable variation in 87Sr/86Sr(i) (0.70498 to 0.70622), εNd(i) (-2.79 to -0.36), δ18O values (+6.3 to +11.4) and Nd model ages (TDM) (0.81Ga to 1.26Ga). Besides, they have (206Pb/204Pb)=18.44-19.09, (207Pb/204Pb)=15.64-15.69, and (208Pb/204Pb)=38.37-38.89. Although isotope signatures of the mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) (87Sr/86Sr(i)=0.70551 to 0.70622; εNd(i)=-2.9 to -1.23; δ18O=+8.3 to +9.7) are largely similar to the host rocks, MMEs are characterized by relatively high Mg-numbers (32-36), low contents of SiO2 (52-56wt.%) and low ASI (0.7-0.9). Estimated crystallization temperatures for the rocks of the pluton range from 735±58°C to 844±24°C and a shallow intrusion depth (<10km) is estimated from Al-in-hornblende thermobarometry. Whole-rock geochemical and isotopic data suggest magma generation by dehydration melting of an amphibolite-type lower crustal component with additional input of a subcontinental lithospheric mantle component. Furthermore, Sr-Nd isotope mixing model reveals ~30% to 40% lower crustal magma contribution to the mantle component.
- MakaleYalnız künye2014Geochemical fingerprints of Late Triassic calc-alkaline lamprophyres from the Eastern Pontides, NE Turkey: A key to understanding lamprophyre formation in a subduction-related environment
Karsli, Orhan; Dokuz, Abdurrahman; Kaliwoda, Melanie; Uysal, Ibrahim; Aydin, Faruk; Kandemir, Raif; Fehr, Karl-Thomas
The Eastern Pontides in NE Turkey is one of the major orogenic belts in Anatolia. In this paper, we report our new 40Ar/39Ar dating, mineral chemistry, major and trace elements and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic analyses of the lamprophyre intrusions in this region. The lamprophyres are widely scattered and intrude Late Carboniferous granitoid rocks. The lamprophyres exhibit fine-grained textures and are mineralogically uniform. Hornblende 40Ar/39Ar dating yielded a plateau age of 216.01±10.64Ma. Based on their geochemistry, mineral compositions and paragenesis, the lamprophyres are classified as calc-alkaline lamprophyres in general and spessartites in particular, which are rich in large ion lithophile elements (e.g., Rb, Ba, K) but depleted in Nb and Ti. Our samples exhibit moderate fractionation in LREE patterns approximately 100 times that of chondrite but HREE abundances less than 10 times that of chondrite. These calc-alkaline lamprophyres display a range of ISr (216Ma) values from 0.70619 to 0.71291 and εNd (216Ma) values from -1.4 to 4.1, with TDM=1.11 to 2.20Ga. Their Pb isotopic ratios indicate an enriched mantle source. The enrichment process is related to metasomatism of a subcontinental lithospheric mantle source, which is caused by a large quantity of H2O-rich fluids, rather than sediments released from oceanic crust at depth during the closure of the Paleotethys Ocean in Triassic times. All of the geochemical data and the trace element modeling suggest that the primary magma of the calc-alkaline to high-K calc-alkaline spessartites was generated at depth by a low degree of partial melting (~1-10%) of a previously enriched lithospheric mantle wedge consisting of phlogopite-bearing spinel peridotite. The ascendance of a hot asthenosphere triggered by extensional events caused partial melting of mantle material. The rising melts were accompanied by fractional crystallization and crustal contamination en route to the surface. All of the geochemical features combined with regional data suggest that the Eastern Pontides calc-alkaline lamprophyres originated in an extensional environment along an active continental margin throughout the Late Triassic. Such an extensional event, causing upwelling of hot asthenosphere, led to the opening of the northern branch of the Neotethys as a back-arc basin farther south of the Eastern Pontides.
- DergiUltrasonics
- DergiJournal of Applied Geophysics
- DergiSafety Science