Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

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• MakaleYalnız künye2024/r/gumushane/12627
  Earthquakes as a natural occurrence and disaster: A qualitative research from the perspective of chaos theory

  Yildiz, Eyyüp; Bostan, Sedat

  A concept that inspired social sciences as well as many other fields of science was developed from chaos theory. Disaster researchers are also trying to approach, understand, explain and manage disasters with this new concept. However, it has been observed that studies investigating disasters from this perspective do not focus on disaster sources. With this starting point, in this research, the chaotic factors that prepare the disaster formation were investigated with the example of earthquake. The study was carried out with the qualitative method. Data were collected by semi-structured online interview. Participants were selected by purposive sampling method. The interview data obtained from a total of 10 participants were managed with the MAQXDA 2018 software package using the traditional content analysis method. All codes were classified into three themes and 11 categories. According to the findings, earthquakes can be dealt with in three different chaotic periods: a natural event, a natural event that turns into a disaster, and disaster response and recovery. Future research is recommended to explain the dynamics of occurrence of other disasters such as floods, storms, explosions, and epidemics. It is recommended that disaster management practitioners integrate the chaos management approach into disaster management. With this, it is hoped that disaster management will shift from a linear, bureaucratic, command-control approach to a community-based, flexible, continuous planning approach in which even the smallest occurrences are carefully monitored.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2021/r/gumushane/16140
  Effect of precautionary and normalization steps on course of COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey

  Bostan, Sedat; Agac, Gokhan; Sahinöz, Saime

  Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic began in China and has now spread across the whole world, and many countries such as Turkey are still fighting against this pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of precautionary and normalization steps taken by the Turkish government on the number of confirmed cases, current cases, and deaths due to the COVID-19 in Turkey. Materials and Methods: The study used exponential regression models to estimate the number of confirmed cases, deaths, and current cases. The study data were collected from the Turkish Ministry of Health, Turkish Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the national public broadcaster of Turkey. Results: The precautions taken during the COVID-19 pandemic have caused the exponentially increasing number of cases to be brought under control and to decrease exponentially. The normalization steps taken paused the exponential decrease in the number of cases and caused the number of cases to remain flat during the summer months and then rise again. If the normalization steps were not implemented and the precautions taken continued in the same way, it was calculated that the numbers of COVID-19 current cases would be reset on June 26, 2020. The total number of deaths would remain at 4423 and the total number of confirmed cases would be 150586. Discussion: As a result, the impact of precautionary and normalization steps on the course of the COVID-19 pandemic was examined. It has been observed that the impact of these steps on the pandemic is exponential. The results provide guidelines for health authorities and administrators to take necessary precautions.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2019/r/gumushane/18160
  A Research for Determination of Administrative Problems in Inpatient Health Institution

  Bostan, Sedat; Aslan, Sevil

  Objective: The purpose of this study is determination of managerial problems encountered in inpatient health institutions with the views of the administrators which are work at various levels in public and private hospitals. Material and Methods: In this study, a 42-item likert-type questionnaire, which was formed by adapting from Yıldız's master's thesis study, was used. The data of the study were collected from the hospital administrators in İstanbul, Aksaray and Kahramanmaraş in 2016 by face-to-face survey method. The study was carried out in 350 hospitals in upper, middle and lower levels in 1 private hospital and 1 public hospital in each province. The validity of collected data were tested by Bartlett’s test and Cronbach’s alpha method was used for reliability of data. Results: As a result of factor analysis, the questions were collected under six factors. According to these results, the administrators were listed the managerial problems of the inpatient health institutions as follows; hospital settlement problems (3.13), management problems of human resources (2.82), general administrative problems (2.79) and communication problems (2.79). When the factors evaluated according to the demographic data, it was detected that significant differences in terms of age, gender and occupation. Conclusion: These results showed that female managers are more encountered with the problem of hospital settlement than other problems, while managers over age 50 and aged 20-29 are encountered with management problems of personnel incompleteness, general administrative, technological and communication problems. Moreover, it was found that administrative and nurse managers are more encountered with general administrative and technological problems than other problems, while administrative managers are encountered with problems of personnel incompleteness and management human resources. As a generalresult, it is thought that the hospitals which were not appropriately planned for health services causes administrative problems.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2019/r/gumushane/18151
  Kamu Hastaneleri Birliği Yapılanmasının Değiştirilmesinde Hasta Görüşlerinin Etkisi Var mı?

  Ağaç, Gökhan; Bostan, Sedat

  Bu çalışma, Kamu Hastaneleri Birliği (KHB) yönetim tarzı ve uygulamalarının sağlık hizmetisunum paydaşları tarafından nasıl değerlendirildiği ve hastane çıktılarına nasıl yansıdığını araştıranbir projenin parçasıdır. Çalışmanın yayına hazırlanma sürecinde sağlık politika yapıcıları, mevcutKHB sistemini 694 sayılı kanun hükmünde kararname ile Ağustos 2017 tarihinde önemli ölçüdedeğiştirmiş ve KHB yapılanmasını tamamen ortadan kaldırmıştır. Yeni yapısal değişiklikle çalışmanınamacı, KHB hakkında hasta görüşlerini saptayarak, hastalar açısından sistem değişikliğinigerektiren bir durumun olup olmadığının anlaşılması olarak geliştirilmiştir. Nicel araştırma olanbu çalışmada, verilerin toplanmasında dörtlü likert anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya katılanhastalardan 210'undan geçerli geri dönüşüm sağlanmıştır. İstatistikî hesaplamalar için IBM SPSSStatistics 21 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirlik analizi için Cronbach’s alfa katsayısınabakılmış ve bu değerin 0,87 olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini sağlamak için faktöranalizi yapılmış ve yapısal geçerliliği saptanmıştır. Araştırma neticesinde, KHB yapılanmasınınhastanelerdeki uygulamalarının, hastalara olumlu yansıdığı ve kamuoyu görüşlerinin olumlu olduğusöylenebilmektedir. Uygulamalardan hastaların kazançlı çıktığı, hastanın öneminin arttığı vebekleme sürelerinin azaldığı ifade edilmiştir. Buna karşın, hastaların çok kısa sürede muayene edildiğikonusu hasta bakım kalitesine yönelik soruna işaret etmesi açısından önemlidir. Genel olarakbu sonuçlar, KHB sisteminin temel yaklaşımı olan özerk ve profesyonel tedavi hizmetleri yönetimianlayışının, hasta görüşleri açısından değiştirilmesini gerektirecek bir durumun söz konusu olmadığınaişaret etmektedir.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2017/r/gumushane/16743
  Calculation of the Index of Turkey's Vulnerability in Natural Disasters

  Bostan, Sedat; Yaprak, Unal

  Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the vulnerability levels of Turkey in terms of natural disasters and to guide decision makers and strategists in this field. In the study, disaster data obtained for 1987-2011 were used, and the disaster of type was most observed in our country. Materials and Methods: Data vulnerability indices against the disasters were calculated using a Data Envelopment Analysis Program (DEAP) 2.1 program with a Data envelopment analysis-based output-oriented Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index method. Results: The regions of Turkey, which have the highest vulnerability index for the disasters, were TRA2 (0.323), TRB2 (0.305), and TRB1 (0.287) regions. In addition, it was seen that in the Black Sea region, the TR82 (0.267) region was more vulnerable than the other places of the region. In this study, a picture of the whole country over a period of 25 years in terms of disasters was captured. Conclusion: In the picture, it is seen that economic and social costs endured due to disasters are separated into two regions starting from the region of Eastern Anatolia and the north branch extends across the Black Sea region and the other south branch reaches to the Mediterranean.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2017/r/gumushane/18593
  Prosedür adaleti algısı ve örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı-birey ilişkisine durumsal bir bakış: yüksek ve düşük psikolojik sermaye etkisi

  Okan, Tarhan; Bostan, Sedat; Demir, Halis

  Araştırmanın amacı, sağlık çalışanlarının prosedür adaleti algıları ve birey yönelimli örgütsel vatandaşlık (diğergamlık) davranışları arasındaki ilişkinin, çalışanların psikolojik sermayelerinin düşük ve yüksek düzeylerine göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmayacağını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma, Trabzon ve Gümüşhane illerinde görev yapan 249 sağlık çalışanından meydana gelen bir örneklem üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular, prosedür adaleti ile diğergamlık arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişkinin varlığına kanıt sağlamaktadır. Psikolojik sermaye boyutlarının tamamı ile diğergamlık arasında pozitif yönlü ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları ayrıca, prosedür adaleti ile diğergamlık arasındaki ilişkide psikolojik sermayenin öz yeterlilik ve dayanıklılık boyutlarının moderatör etkilerine kanıt sağlamaktadır

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2017/r/gumushane/18492
  Public Hospital Union Construction and Changing Patient Rights Board Effects on Board Decisions

  Bostan, Sedat

  The concept of patient rights, 1980s went into the literature, developed in 1990, and began to be implemented in health institutions in the 2000s. Thus, a legal infrastructure has gained, institutionalized in 2010 years. The purpose of this study is to investigate patient rights violations through the decisions of the patient rights board, taking into account the change in board structure and public hospital union structuring. The survey was conducted on board decisions taken in 2012- 2015. The data were processed with cross-table technique and the difference between the years was tried to be monitored by Pearson Chi-square test. Public hospital union structure has reduced written complaints of patients and strengthened on-site solutions. When the causes of patient com- plaints are examined, half is concerned with the right to benefit from the service, and issues of re- spect, medical care and information are at the forefront. Approximately half of the complaints are consisted of physicians and one in ten nurses. Significant reductions have been observed in com- plaints of medical secretaries, cleaners, security personnel and administrative staff when there has been a significant increase in complaints of dentists in the last year. According to findings; the in- tegration of patient rights boards within the health directorates and the change of member struc- ture contributed to making decisions more professionally and objectively. As a result, patient privacy violations that have been acknowledged by the system and the patients, is destroying human val- ues. Lack of patient information reduces treatment effectiveness. Health worker's seizure-prone work are increasing their exhaustion and triggers insecurity in medical care. Health administrators and educators should be very interested in these issues.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2017/r/gumushane/18491
  A Research on the Relationship Between Performance and Medicine Styles

  Bostan, Sedat

  Objective: The behavior and approach of doctors have always been important. In theliterature, these behavior styles are often described through doctor-patient relationship. The aim ofthis study is to go beyond this limitation and to determine practice styles and discover the relationship between these styles and performance. A new model of the style of practice developmentprocess is proposed. Material and Methods: The practice style and performance scale developed bythe author was used. Scales are applied to specialist physicians, a validity of the scale and discoveryof the scales is provided with exploratory factor analysis. The relationship between practice stylesand performance is analyzed with correlation and regression. Results: The exploratory factor analysis results shows that the scale items are collected in five dimensions after varimax rotation. Thesedimensions explain 60,7% of the cumulative variance. Barletta's test was significant (chi-square =682.945, P <.001) and the KMO value achieved (0.684) provide evidence that data is suitable for factor analysis.The factor loads of the material loaded to resulting factors ranged from 0.420 to 0.917.These values are within acceptable limits. According to the study findings, four types of practicehave been described. A positive correlation has been identified between performance and numerical and patient-friendly styles. It was not found any relationship between performance and idealistic and conservative medicine styles. Conclusion: An analysis of medicine styles will contributeto medicine services, evaluation of the performance of the health care business and patient satisfaction.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2017/r/gumushane/18489
  Issues experienced in provision of emergency services in pre-hospitalization period in turkey

  Bostan, Sedat; Ünal, Cihan

  Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine issues experienced during provision of emergency health services before hospitalization of patients and to suggest solution for hospital administrations and practitioners for eliminating relevant bottlenecks. Methods: Whereas the study covered 459 health service personnel at the emergency service in Trabzon City, Turkey in 2016, a Likert-type survey method was harnessed as a data collection tool whose reliability and validity were tested. Collected study data were analyzed for their frequency and significance test. Results: Based on the obtained findings, it was determined that emergency health services have been strengthened in terms of infrastructure, preparedness for cases and human resources and organizational structure. However, substantial issues were observed with the accessing and intervention process to cases reported considered as external factors. Conclusion: These issues could mainly be classified under two groups: the first is reflection of limitations introduced by the established buildings, roads and other infrastructure and the influence of economic opportunities on social organization and development on emergency service intervention processes; and this contributes into our case with inadequate structural features of buildings, stairs, elevators, roads, gates. The second is the issue related with social education, culture and mentality. Reflections of the second group issues could be observed in false and malicious calls made to emergency service, violation of right of way assigned to ambulances, adverse attitudes of relatives of patients and verbal attack aiming at emergency service personnel Likewise all over the world, emergency health services are the most inseparable element of health services, which requires race with time. Numerous studies have revealed that intervention made in the first five minutes, half-an-hour and in the first hour after experiencing an accident, acute disease or trauma is vitally important in terms of saving lives or preventing disability. Along the program of transition in health services applied in Turkey, emergency health services have been reorganized. This reorganization has both strengthened infrastructure of emergency health services and advanced its efficiency and agility. Nevertheless, there are various issues with the operation of the service and especially with having access, intervention to cases and in logistic phases of the process. The present study was conducted to determine the issues experienced during the provision of emergency health services in the pre-hospitalization period and to assist administrations and practitioners in terms of determining problems and making suggestions for resolution of these problems. Emergency health service given before hospitalization is a service branch which requires highly intensive and stressful work load (Duran et al., 2012: 144). Additionally, emergency health crews might face difficulties during intervention into the reported cases. It is commonly known that emergency crew members would encounter difficulties in having access to case locations while they are providing emergency health services in traffic environment because of other drivers’ ignorance of traffic rules or of traffic jam (Karakuş et al., 2014). 112 stations are required to be located in proximity of city center in order to intervene in cases immediately (Handerson & Mason, 2004). Another difficulty encountered in accessing cases especially with services provided to countryside is reported as improper width of roads in rural areas and poor traffic signage. Moreover, limited free space around the residential areas in urban areas makes access of ambulance units difficult; and living and passage areas in buildings non-conforming to the standards obstructs accessing patients (Uskun et al., 2007). Based on all of these characteristics and issues that could be encountered during performance of this duty, it is possible to conclude that provision of emergency health services has a quality which challenges human nature. Especially anxiety and other psychological problems could be observed with emergency health service personnel (Annagür, 2010). This finding suggests that emergency health service personnel might need psychological support. In the preliminary study, development phases of emergency health services in Turkey were introduced briefly; and issues laid by former studies were tried to be determined. In the present study, it was aimed to determine issues experienced at application level; to review the relevant literature and to make suggestions to administrations for resolution of revealed problems so as to make a contribution to the subject. Methods As the study was planned for March 2016; necessary initiatives were taken with the City Health Directorate and City Governorship for implementation of the survey study structured in five-point Likert style, a qualitative research method. Finally, the ultimate survey form was prepared under the title of “The Survey Form for Determining Issues Related with the Emergency Health Services in the Pre-Hospitalization Period” applied on voluntary basis to the emergency health personnel and their administrations on duty at the Branch Directorship, the Command and Control Center and 30 different ASHİ units in Trabzon City in the period of June and July 2016. Finally, 459 valid survey forms were collected. For reliability analysis of the scale, Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was estimated at 0.84 which suggests that the proposed survey could be considered as reliable. The KMO value was estimated at 0.881. Additionally, the Barlett sphericality test was employed for evaluation of significance of correlation among items; and significance was determined as 0.000 (Approx. Chi-Square: 4237.924/ df: 496/ sig: 0.000). In order to assess dimensions of items, “Direct Oblimin” rotation operation was executed by the “Principal Components” meth

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• MakaleYalnız künye2017/r/gumushane/18410
  An Attempt to Develop A Scale on the Decision Process: The Manager Decision Time Scale

  Bostan, Sedat; Durmus, Ibrahim

  The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable data-obtaining tool for exploring which decision stage deems sufficient for managers in the public or private sector, how they use time and how they act in different occasions. Also, a scale demonstrating the approaches which managers are following in their decision processes has not been seen among past studies. This study has been carried out in order to close this gap. The scale has been developed in consideration of the managers’ recommendations about the decision process. Sampling method applied in research is easy sampling method. The 389 participant of this study consist of public and private sector managers in the cities of Gümüşhane and Bayburt in Turkey. The results of this study are assembled under four factors as “manager’s problem noticing time, manager’s problem defining time, manager’s problem solving time, and the manager’s decision time on different occasions.” A “Manager Decision Time Scale” containing 13 items has been developed from these Likert scale factors. It has been tested for validity by Model-Defining Factor Analysis. The scale that was formed with the data obtained at the end of this study has been proved to be a valid and reliable data-obtaining tool.

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