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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/gumushane/13746
  Place attachment of earthquake victims residing in Antakya (Hatay) after the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes on February 6, 2023

  Fakıoğlu, Merve; Mızrak, Sefa

  People affected economically, environmentally, physically, and psychologically by the earthquake may be reluctant to move to safer and more comfortable places for various reasons. Investigating the factors that influence people’s place attachment after devastating earthquakes will enable the creation of sustainable communities and cultures. This study examined the impact of earthquake experience, preparedness, place-protective behavior, social support, insecurity, price increase, the surrounding environment, self-efficacy, and risk perception on place attachment among earthquake victims in Antakya following the February 6, 2023, Kahramanmaraş earthquakes. Data were collected via surveys from 453 earthquake victims in the Antakya region of Hatay (Türkiye) province, one year after the earthquakes. Eleven ordered logistic regressions revealed the strength and direction of the factors affecting place attachment. Earthquake victims who were injured, lost relatives, were not evacuated, and were not disturbed by the rubble had higher place attachment. Earthquake preparedness, formal social support, post-earthquake insecurity, post-earthquake price increase, self-efficacy, and earthquake risk perception did not affect place attachment. Sustainability and place-protective behavior increased place attachment. Furthermore, place attachment was higher among men and those who lived longer in Antakya. This study is expected to guide managers, disaster experts, and non-governmental organizations who develop strategies to increase people's place attachment in disaster-affected regions.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/gumushane/13712
  Factors affecting hospital personnel’s disaster management performance

  Kaya, Burak; Mızrak, Sefa

  Background: Hospital personnel with strong disaster management skills will work effectively and efficiently during disasters, ensuring better health services for staff, patients, and injured individuals. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the hospital personnel disaster management performance (HPDMP) of Giresun Training and Research Hospital (Türkiye) according to the opinions of all hospital personnel. Method: In this study, survey data were collected from 797 hospital personnel between July and August 2023. HPDMP was employed as a dependent variable. Demographic characteristics, working conditions of personnel, disaster education, awareness of hospital disaster plans, and hospital disaster plan duty were used as independent variables. In addition, the arrangement of the hospital in relation to disaster risks, personnel self-efficacy, personnel coordination, coordination with other institutions, and disaster preparedness were also employed as independent variables. Results: The hospital’s disaster management performance was good. Personnel who received sufficient disaster education and had more knowledge about hospital disaster plans believed that HPDMP was greater. According to hospital personnel, disaster preparedness and coordination with other institutions were the factors that most strongly increased HPDMP. Conclusion: This study will provide insight for scientists, decision makers, and practitioners working in the field of hospital disaster planning and management.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2025/r/gumushane/19667
  Gümüşhane’de Yaşayan İnsanların Sel Risk Algısı

  Doğan, Ali; Mizrak, Sefa; Doğru, Salih; Şimşek, Nurcan

  Sel tehlikesi insanlarda korku, panik, endişe ve depresyona neden olabilmektedir. Ayrıca, insanlar sel nedeniyle sürekli kendilerinin, ailelerinin, arkadaşlarının ve maddi varlıklarının zarar göreceğinden ve sel afetinin yönetilemeyeceğinden kaygı duyabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Gümüşhane il merkezinde yaşayan insanların sel risk algısını araştırmaktır. Kesitsel olarak tasarlanan bu çalışmada veriler 18 yaş ve üzeri bireylerden 2023 yılında Mayıs ve Haziran aylarında duygusal ve bilişsel olarak iki faktörden oluşan Sel Risk Algısı Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan toplam 404 katılımcının 207’si kadın ve 234’ü 18-30 yaş aralığındadır. Verileri analiz etmek için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, bağımsız örneklem t testi ve ANOVA analizi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar katılımcıların en fazla selin büyük bir maddi tehlike oluşturduğunu ve selin büyük bir yıkıma neden olabileceğinden endişe duyduklarına işaret etmiştir. Kadınların duygusal ve bilişsel sel risk algısı erkeklerin duygusal ve bilişsel sel risk algılarından daha yüksektir. Sel durumunda kendilerini koruyamayacaklarını ve başkalarına yardım edemeyeceklerini düşünen katılımcıların her iki faktörde de risk algıları daha yüksektir. Yaşadıkları yerin sele karşı güvenli olmadığını belirten katılımcıların hem duygusal hem de bilişsel sel risk algıları en yüksektir. Gümüşhane’de insanların sel durumunda kendilerini koruyabilmeleri ve başkalarına yardım edebilmeleri için eğitimler düzenlenmelidir. Bu çalışmanın Türkçe literatüre önemli derecede katkı sağlayacağı ve araştırma sonuçlarının sel risk algısı alanında çalışan yöneticilere ve bilim insanlarına fikir vereceği beklenmektedir.

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• Kitap BölümüYalnız künye2025/r/gumushane/14072
  Education management in disasters

  Mizrak, Sefa; Yildiz, Eyyüp

  The effects of disasters on the community increase with increasing population and urbanization, the destruction of the environment, and climate change. This situation increases the need for disaster education at every stage of integrated disaster management. Effectively planned disaster education for preparation, mitigation, response, and recovery periods will ensure that the community is more resilient to disasters. The aim of this study is to investigate how the use and prevalence of new developing technologies can be used more effectively to increase the disaster education capacity of the community. Within the scope of the study, the use of technologies such as virtual reality, social media, simulations, and mobile games in disaster education will be explained. The public administration policies that need to be implemented to increase the use of these tools will be explained. In particular, suggestions will be presented to increase the sustainability and safety of the community through the use of innovative technology in disaster education. It is expected that this study will give ideas to scientists and decision-makers about the use and importance of technology in disaster education.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2025/r/gumushane/12521
  First responders’ thoughts and experiences about the international search and rescue teams during the Kahramanmaras earthquakes

  Kolcu, Veysel Karani; Mızrak, Sefa

  National capacity may be insufficient for disasters that affect many settlements and people simultaneously. This situation requires international humanitarian assistance for post-disaster search and rescue, public health, nutrition, security, and coordination. The objective of this study was to reveal the opinions of first responders about the work of the (international search and rescue) ISAR teams following the earthquakes that occurred in Türkiye on 6 February 2023. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview form with 41 first responders who had worked with them or observed their work, and analyzed via thematic analysis using the MAXQDA 24 programme. The results were presented under seven themes: devotion, equipment and material sufficiency, knowledge and experience, coordination, cooperation, communication, and psychological resilience. The first responders stated that the ISAR teams worked wholeheartedly and that their knowledge, expertise, and equipment were sufficient and advanced. They also indicated that the teams worked in a coordinated manner and that their harmony with local teams and the public was great. However, when working with them, language-related communication barriers negatively affected the workflow. The results of this study will provide insight to organisations and managers who develop and implement international humanitarian aid policies.

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• MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2024/r/gumushane/11745
  Public's social media use during the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes on 6 February 2023

  Mızrak, Sefa

  Social media facilitates crisis management and emergency response efforts by disseminating disaster information during disasters. Understanding the positive and negative contributions of social media to disaster management after devastating disasters will make social media more effective and efficient for crisis management in the future. The objective of this study was to investigate the public's social media use in the 15-day period after the earthquakes that occurred on February 6, 2023, in Türkiye. The study was designed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The data were collected from 1698 people residing in Türkiye via a survey method and analyzed via descriptive, ordinal logistic regression, and thematic analysis. The thoughts of 245 participants regarding social media use were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that social media was employed as a powerful resource for sharing information after the earthquakes. The participants used Instagram the most and followed the social media accounts of the institutions the most. Posting the physical and psychological damage of earthquakes and humanitarian aid negatively affected the participants and caused them to think that social media was useless. Due to the information shared by social media phenomena and nongovernmental organizations, the participants stated that social media was useful after the earthquakes. For people to share posts that will contribute to search and rescue, aid and damage assessment on reliable and high-follower social media accounts, disaster managers, scientists and policy makers should understand communities' usage intentions, satisfaction and criticism regarding social media accounts and platforms during previous disasters.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2023/r/gumushane/14492
  Do earthquake survivors want to escape the threats of earthquakes and why?

  Özdemir, Ahmet; Mızrak, Sefa

  Destructive earthquakes and the possibility of experiencing destructive earthquakes may cause people to move from their area to safer ones. However, despite high earthquake risk, people may not want to leave the area they reside for various reasons. The objective of this study was to investigate whether earthquake experience, earthquake insurance, satisfaction with city, self-efficacy, risk perception, social support, post-earthquake insecurity and price gouging was correlated with relocation willingness in an earthquake-prone area. Data were collected using a survey from 1114 people residing in Kocaeli (Türkiye), where a devastating earthquake occurred in 1999. 610 people who participated in the study were affected by this earthquake and 504 people were not affected. In order to better understand the impact of earthquake exposure on relocation willingness, ordinal logistic regression analyzes were performed separately for the earthquake affected and unaffected sample. The result showed that the relocation willingness of the unaffected participants was higher than the relocation willingness of the affected participants. People who were psychologically affected by the earthquake were more likely to relocate. Satisfaction with the city reduced the participants' relocation willingness mostly. The fear of earthquakes and perceived insecurity after a future earthquake increased all participants' relocation willingness. It is hoped that this study will guide scientists and disaster managers working in regions where destructive disasters may occur to improve strategies related to relocation policy and earthquake risk reduction.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2023/r/gumushane/12695
  Effect of individual characteristics, risk perception, self-efficacy and social support on willingness to relocate due to floods and landslides

  Mızrak, Sefa; Turan, Melikşah

  People may have to leave their home, environment, region and country because of disasters or disaster risks. Effective and efficient disaster risk reduction activities involving the community can reduce disaster risks and enable people to reside more safely and peacefully in their environment. The objective of this study was to investigate whether individual characteristics, risk perception, self-efficacy and perceived social support were correlated with the willingness to relocate due to floods and landslides. The data were collected from 947 people residing in Gümüşhane Province (Türkiye) using a survey. In the study, a total of ten models were tested with the help of ordinal logistic regression analysis. Consequently, the participants' willingness to relocate due to landslides was determined to be higher than the willingness to relocate due to floods. University students and people with chronic diseases and flood and landslide experiences had a greater willingness to relocate. Residence duration and informal social support were negatively correlated with relocation willingness. Those who believed that they could protect themselves in the event of a flood and landslide were more likely to relocate. Among risk perceptions, probability increased relocation willingness mostly due to floods, while fear increased relocation willingness mostly due to landslides. This study attempted to provide policy makers and scientists insight into disaster risk reduction and disaster risk communication related to relocation.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2022/r/gumushane/12701
  Determining the factors affecting the disaster resilience of countries by geographical weighted regression

  Mızrak, Sefa; Çam, Handan

  The effects of natural and technological disasters on human, the environment, economy and social life can be prevented via scientific and technological developments. Especially, international scientific studies provide a better understanding of the nature, characteristics and effects of disasters. Therefore, a more resilient community can be built after disasters by reducing the damages of disasters at national and international level. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the disaster resilience of countries. In this study, by analyzing the data of 181 countries in 2018 and 2019, the rate of total population affected by disasters was employed as dependent variable and the factors indicating the development level of countries as independent variables. The data were analyzed with the help of ArcGIS 10.7 program using ordinary least squares regression analysis that reveals general relationships and geographical weighted regression analysis that shows local relationships across study area. In conclusion, in the general model, compulsory education duration in 2018 was the only variable that positively and significantly predicted the rate of total population affected by disasters. While neonatal mortality rate and unemployment predicted positively and significantly the rate of total population affected by disasters in 2019, urban population rate predicted negatively and significantly. The effect of all the independent variables on the rate of total population affected by disasters differed depending on time and region. The result of this study is expected to contribute to the national and international organizations responsible for disaster risk reduction efforts to prepare more effective and efficient disaster plans. In addition, the method and approach of this study may give an idea to scientists investigating on disasters.

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• Doktora TeziAçık Erişim2021/r/gumushane/21070
  Ülkelerin afetlere karşı dirençliliğine etki eden faktörlerin coğrafi ağırlıklı regresyon ile belirlenmesi

  Sefa Mızrak

  Doğal ve teknolojik afetlerin insan, çevre, ekonomi ve sosyal hayat üzerindeki etkileri bilim ve teknolojik gelişmeler yardımıyla önlenebilir. Özellikle uluslararası yapılan bilimsel çalışmalar afetlerin yapısının, özelliklerinin ve etkilerinin daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlar. Böylece ulusal ve uluslararası düzeyde afetlerin zararları azaltılarak afet sonrası daha dirençli bir toplum inşa edilebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı ülkelerin afetlere karşı dirençliliğine etki eden faktörleri araştırmaktır. Çalışmada 181 ülkenin 2018 ve 2019 yılındaki verileri analiz edilerek afetlerden toplam etkilenen kişi oranı bağımlı değişken olarak ve ülkelerin gelişmişlik düzeyini gösteren faktörler bağımsız değişken olarak kullanılmıştır. Veriler genel ilişkileri ortaya çıkaran En Küçük Kareler Regresyon Analizi ve bölgesel ilişkileri gösteren Coğrafi Ağırlıklı Regresyon Analizi kullanılarak ArcGIS 10.7 programı yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, genel modelde 2018 yılında zorunlu eğitim süresi afetlerden toplam etkilenen kişi oranını pozitif ve anlamlı olarak yordayan tek değişkendir. Afetlerden etkilenen kişi oranını 2019 yılında yeni doğan ölüm oranı ve işsizlik pozitif ve anlamlı olarak yorduyorken, kent nüfus oranı negatif ve anlamlı olarak yordamıştır. Bütün bağımsız değişkenlerin afetlerden etkilenen toplam kişi oranı üzerindeki etkisi zamana ve bölgeye bağlı olarak değişmektedir. Bu çalışmanın sonucunun afet risk azaltma çalışmalarında sorumlu olan ulusal ve uluslararası kuruluşların daha etkili ve verimli afet planları yapmalarına katkı sağlaması beklenilmektedir. Ayrıca, çalışmanın yöntemi ve yaklaşımı afetlerle ilgili çalışan bilim insanlarına fikir verecektir.

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