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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/gumushane/16266
  Determinants of healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa: the roles of food security, dietary behaviors, and obesogenic environment

  Koçak, Tevfik; Arpa Zemzemoglu, Tuba Eda; Türkkan, Tugba; Bülbül, Kenan; Yilmaz, Birsen

  Orthorexia has recently gained attention as a two-dimensional construct centered on a shared health orientation. Recent conceptual developments distinguish healthy orthorexia (HeOr), defined as a non-pathological interest in healthy eating, from orthorexia nervosa (OrNe), characterized by rigid and compulsive food control accompanied by psychological and social impairment. This cross-sectional study investigated the associations of HeOr and OrNe with sociodemographic variables, dietary behaviors, and obesogenic environmental factors, and aimed to identify shared and distinct determinants of these tendencies with 1,015 adults aged 18-65 years. Orthorexia tendencies were assessed using the Teruel Orthorexia Scale. Additional measures included the Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviors Scale, Short Screening Questionnaire of Highly Processed Food Consumption, Adult Food Security Survey Module, Food Label Reading Attitude Scale, Food Choice Questionnaire, and the Obesogenic Environment Assessment Scale. In the adjusted regression models, HeOr was positively associated with sustainable and healthy eating behaviors (beta = 0.26), AFSS food-insecurity severity score (beta = 0.11), food label reading attitudes (beta = 0.07), health-related food choice motives (beta = 0.09), natural-ingredient preference (beta = 0.14), weight-control motives (beta = 0.15), ethical food choice motives (beta = 0.10), and obesogenic social determinants and effects (beta = 0.09). Conversely, affordability-related motives (beta = -0.08), emotional appeal (beta = -0.15), familiarity (beta = -0.10), and obesogenic cultural determinants/access to experts (beta = -0.12) were negatively associated with HeOr. For OrNe, positive associations were observed with sustainable and healthy eating behaviors (beta = 0.13), AFSS food-insecurity severity score (beta = 0.17), mood-related food choice motives (beta = 0.13), weight-control motives (beta = 0.26), familiarity (beta = 0.09), ethical food choice motives (beta = 0.18), and obesogenic social determinants and effects (beta = 0.30), whereas health-related food choice motives (beta = -0.12), affordability-related motives (beta = -0.08), and emotional appeal (beta = -0.24) showed negative associations. These findings suggest that orthorectic tendencies are associated with individual health motivations as well as broader behavioral and environmental contexts; however, because of the cross-sectional design, these associations should be interpreted as correlational and hypothesis-generating rather than causal.

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• Derleme MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/gumushane/19436
  Gender and Mental Health: Challenges Faced by Women and a Feminist Perspective

  Türkkan, Tuğba; Odaci, Hatice

  Mental health issues affect millions of people worldwide, leading to negative outcomes in various areas such as academic achievement, job performance, and quality of life. Women are known to be more prone to mental health problems than men, a phenomenon explained by biological sensitivity, genetic and hormonal differences, physiological stress responses, and exposure to environmental risk factors. However, research examining the impact of gender roles on mental health remains limited. Gender roles shape individuals' thought patterns, self-esteem, and emotion regulation strategies, making them significant factors that can influence mental health. In this context, the study aims to explore the effects of gender norms on mental health from a feminist perspective and evaluate the role of gender-based antecedents in this process through a review of the current literature. The study findings reveal that traditional gender roles negatively affect women’s mental health, while approaches promoting equality yield positive outcomes. Enhancing women’s access to education and economic independence is a crucial step toward reducing gender-based inequalities. Additionally, implementing gender equality policies and increasing inclusive representations in the media can mitigate the adverse effects on mental health. Education, awareness campaigns, and supportive social policies have the potential to reduce the impact of gender roles and improve individuals’ mental health. This study aims to guide effective mental health policies and targeted interventions.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/gumushane/13844
  Validation of the Turkish Fear of War Scale (FOWARS): Psychometric Evidence and Associations with Tolerance of Uncontrollability, Psychological Symptoms, and Personality Traits

  Kaya, Feridun; Türkkan, Tuğba

  Growing geopolitical instability has led to increasing concerns about the psychological impact of war beyond directly affected populations, highlighting the need for culturally appropriate instruments to assess fear of war. In this study, we evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Fear of War Scale (FOWARS) and examine its associations with sociodemographic characteristics and personality traits. A total of 643 adults across two independent samples (sample 1 = 360; sample 2 = 283) completed the FOWARS, the Tolerance of Uncontrollability Questionnaire, the Next Big Five Inventory (BFI-2), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and a sociodemographic information form. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original two-factor structure of the FOWARS, with the Turkish version demonstrating satisfactory structural validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, criterion-related validity, strong internal consistency, and measurement invariance across gender. Fear of war was negatively associated with tolerance of uncontrollability and positively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. In addition, fear of war was significantly associated with gender, socioeconomic status, agreeableness, neuroticism, and conscientiousness. These findings expand the understanding of the individual determinants of fear of war, underscoring the importance of developing targeted interventions for vulnerable populations.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2026/r/gumushane/13702
  Does Training Make a Difference? Evaluating a Targeted Child Abuse and Neglect Education Program on Teachers’ Awareness

  Türkkan, Tuğba; Odacı, Hatice

  This study examined the effect of a psycho-education program on the awareness levels of teachers regarding child abuse and neglect. The study was conducted with teachers working in regions characterized by the presence of at-risk groups. Within the scope of the study, 18 teachers were assigned to the experimental group and 18 teachers to the control group. The experimental group participated in a structured psycho-education program on child abuse and neglect, while no intervention was implemented for the control group. Prior to the intervention, pre-test measurements were conducted using the Child Abuse Awareness Scale for both groups. The psycho-education program consisted of 10 weekly online sessions, each lasting approximately 100–120 min. The findings revealed a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental group compared with the control group, indicating the effectiveness of the psycho-education program in increasing teachers’ awareness levels. The results suggest that such training programs may play an important role in enhancing teachers’ knowledge and awareness of child abuse and neglect, particularly in recognizing signs of abuse and understanding reporting procedures.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2026/r/gumushane/13544
  ‘An unforgettable night’: experiences and coping styles of young adult survivors of the earthquake

  Yücel, İbrahim; Türkkan, Tuğba; Yoldaş, Nergiz; Duman, Münevver

  This study aimed to find out the experiences and coping styles of young adults affected by the Kahramanmaraş-centered earthquakes that took place on 6 February 2023, during and after the earthquake. Qualitative research method and phenomenological approach were used in the study. In-depth interviews were conducted with 33 young adults who were selected using the purposive sampling technique. The interviews with earthquake survivors were conducted approximately two months after the earthquake and took place in the temporary housing facilities to which they had been relocated. The research findings showed that many young people experienced the night of the earthquake as an unforgettable night. It was also found that the support provided after the earthquake was inadequate to meet the needs of survivors. Certain changes occurred in the family relations and personality traits of survivors after the earthquake. Young adults experienced some difficulties after the earthquake and developed a series of coping mechanisms to overcome such difficulties. At the end of the research, recommendations are made for field workers and policy makers from a psychological perspective.

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• MakaleYalnız künye2026/r/gumushane/12237
  Who Is at Risk? Analyzing the Drivers of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Turkey

  Türkkan, Tuğba; Hatipoğlu, Ertuğrul; Yücel, İbrahim; Kulakaç, Nurşen; Sipahi, Ferkan; Zeybek, Halil İbrahim

  Violence against women represents a severe violation of human rights and has become a pervasive issue globally. This study aims to examine the risk factors associated with violence against women in a developing country context, specifically Turkey. This study adopted a cross-sectional research design. The study sample comprised 391 women living in a northeastern Turkish province, selected using a stratified sampling method. Participants’ ages ranged from 20 to 60 years, with a mean age of 40.83 years. The findings revealed a positive correlation between the age of both women and their spouses and the likelihood of experiencing physical and verbal violence. Factors such as the number of marriages, duration of marriage, number of children, and spousal infidelity emerged as significant risks for victimization. Additionally, an early age at first marriage, the presence of mental illness, and addiction problems were identified as critical risk factors for women’s victimization in violence. Education and employment were protective factors against violence, with higher educational levels and employment status for women and their spouses reducing the risk. Regression analyses further identified women’s education level, prior exposure to domestic violence, age at first marriage, and the addiction status of the spouse as significant predictors of violence against women. The findings provide valuable insights into the etiology of violence against women. In conclusion, the study has the potential to guide the development of more targeted and effective strategies to combat this pervasive public health and human rights issue.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2025/r/gumushane/16388
  The Mediating Role of Impulsivity in the Relationship Between Internet Addiction and Eating Disorders: A Study on High School Adolescents

  Bülbül, Kenan; Türkkan, Tugba; Meriç, Cagdas Salih; Yilmaz, Haci Omer

  Eating disorders are a problem that negatively affects physical and psychological development and can potentially be life-threatening. In order to successfully combat this disorder, it is important to have a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. The aim of this study is to examine the mediating role of impulsivity in the relationship between internet addiction and eating disorders in an adolescent sample. The current research was designed in accordance with the correlational model. The study group was formed by convenience sampling method among students who continue their education in secondary schools and high schools in Trabzon. The data of the study were collected with a demographic information form prepared by the researchers, the Young Internet Addiction Test-Short Form, Rezzy Eating Disorders Scale and Barratt Impulsivity Scale-Short Form. As a result of statistical analysis, it was determined that the average eating disorder score of female students was higher than that of male students. It was found that the eating disorder scores of those whose income was less than their expenses were significantly higher than those whose income was more than their expenses. Positive significant relationships have been identified between internet addiction and eating disorders. It has also been determined that impulsive behavior plays a mediating role in the relationship between internet addiction and eating disorders. It is thought that the current findings will contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms underlying eating disorders and the development of effective prevention and intervention strategies.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2025/r/gumushane/19748
  Beslenmenin Karanlık Yüzü: Üniversite Öğrencileri Arasında Ortoreksiya Nervoza Eğilimi ve İlişkili Değişkenler

  Türkkan, Tuğba; Bülbül, Kenan; Zemzemoglu, Tuba Eda Arpa

  Amaç: Bu çalışma, üniversite öğrencileri arasında ortoreksiya nevroza yaygınlığını ve bu olguyla ilişkili olabilecek değişkenleri incelemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Yöntem: Kesitsel tasarım kullanılarak yürütülen bu araştırma, Haziran 2020 tarihinde bir Devlet Üniversitesinin Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesinde öğrenimlerine devam etmekte olan 305 kadın (%74,6) 104 erkek (%25,4) olmak üzere toplam 409 üniversite öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, kişisel bilgi formu ve Ortoreksiya-15 Ölçeği (ORTO-15) kullanılarak toplanmış ve Bağımsız Örneklem T-Testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA), Çok Değişkenli Binary Lojistik Regresyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin % 26,7 sinin ortorektik eğilimlerinin bulunduğu ve kadın öğrencilerin erkek öğrencilere göre anlamlı düzeyde ortorektik oldukları bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Ayrıca tanısı konmuş sağlık sorunu olan, düzenli ilaç kullanan, vitamin desteği alan, sürekli bir diyet programı uygulayan ve düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapan kişilerin daha ortorektik olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç: Öğrencilerin yaklaşık % 27’si riskli grupta yer almaktadır. Üniversite öğrencilerinin, düzensiz beslenme alışkanlıkları geliştirmeye karşı özellikle savunmasız oldukları bu dönemi iyi yönetememeleri yeme bozukluklarının artmasına neden olabilir. Bu kapsamda gençlere yönelik sağlıklı yaşam ve beslenme konularında eğitimler verilmesi önerilebilir. Risk grubunda yer alan bireyler için ise sağlıklı yaşamın obsesyona dönüşmesini önlemek üzere psikolojik destek sunulması yararlı olabilir. Ayrıca ortorektik eğilimlerden kaynaklanan riskleri ve sonuçları daha iyi anlamak için bu grupta daha fazla araştırma yapılması gerekmektedir.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2025/r/gumushane/19676
  Kadınlarda Sosyal Etkinin Yeme Bozukluklarıyla İlişkisi: Beden Memnuniyetinin Aracılık Rolü

  Türkkan, Tuğba; Bülbül, Kenan; Zemzemoglu, Tuba Eda Arpa

  Amaç: Araştırmada yetişkin kadınlarda sosyal etki ve yeme bozuklukları arasındaki ilişkide beden memnuniyetinin aracı rolü incelenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, 2024 yılı içerisinde Mayıs-Ekim ayları arasında, yaş ortalaması 22,11 olan 317 yetişkin kadın ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kişisel bilgi formu, Sosyal Etki Ölçeği, Beden Memnuniyeti Ölçeği ve Yeme Tutum Testi (YTT-40) ile veri toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkiler Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon Katsayısı yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Aracılık analizleri IBM SPSS Versiyon 24.0 programı ve PROCESS makro ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırma bulguları beden memnuniyeti ile sosyal etki arasında negatif (r = -0,256, p < 0,001) bir korelasyon olduğunu göstermektedir. Beden memnuniyeti ile yeme bozukluğu arasında da negatif (r = -0,261, p < 0,001) bir korelasyon bulunmaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, beden memnuniyetinin sosyal etki ile yeme bozukluğu arasındaki ilişkide anlamlı bir aracı rol üstlendiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuç: Sonuçlar, kadınlarda sosyal etkinin beden memnuniyeti aracılığıyla yeme bozuklukları riskini artırdığını, ayrıca sosyal medya ve toplumsal normların kadınlar üzerindeki baskısını azaltmayı hedefleyen önleme programlarının önemini vurgulamaktadır. Sağlıklı beden algısını teşvik eden kampanyalar, medya içerik düzenlemeleri ve multidisipliner tedavi yaklaşımları, yeme bozukluklarının önlenmesi ve tedavisinde kritik rol oynayabilir. Bu bulgular, yeme bozukluklarının sosyal ve kültürel faktörlerle bağlantılı karmaşık bir sorun olduğunu göstermektedir.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2025/r/gumushane/19659
  Kadınlarda hedonik yeme ve yalnızlık arasındaki ilişkide depresyon, anksiyete ve stresin aracı rolü

  Türkkan, Tuğba; Bülbül, Kenan; Zemzemoglu, Tuba Eda Arpa

  Bu çalışmada, yetişkin kadınlarda hedonik yeme ve yalnızlık arasındaki ilişkide depresyon, anksiyete ve stresin aracılık rollerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya, Gümüşhane ilinde ikamet eden 278 kadın katılmıştır. Veriler Demografik Bilgi Formu, UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği, Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği (DASS-21) ve Hedonik Yeme Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Analizlerde Bağımsız Gruplar T Testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA), Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon Katsayısı ve Paralel Aracılık Analizi (PROCESS Macro Model 4) yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, hedonik yeme ile yalnızlık, depresyon, anksiyete ve stres arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu göstermiştir. Aracılık analizi sonuçlarına göre, depresyon ve anksiyete değişkenlerinin hedonik yeme ile yalnızlık arasındaki ilişkide anlamlı aracı roller üstlendiği, stresin ise aracı rolünün bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, hedonik yemenin bireylerin psikolojik iyilik halleri ve yalnızlık eğilimleri üzerinde dolaylı etkiler yarattığını göstermekte olup, müdahale programlarının duygusal düzenleme becerilerini geliştirmeye odaklanması gerektiğine işaret etmektedir.

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