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- MakaleYalnız künye2021Scopus SJRQ1A rapid method to detect green pea and peanut adulteration in pistachio by using portable FT-MIR and FT-NIR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics
Aykas, Didem Peren; Menevseoglu, Ahmed
In this research, the determination of green pea and peanut adulteration in pistachio by portable Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) and Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy was studied. A rapid method to detect adulteration in pistachio is a necessity in the food industry because of its high commodity value and being one of the most consumed tree nuts. Pistachio nut is a target for economically motivated adulteration, and green pea, spinach, and peanut are the most seen adulterants in pistachio. Portable FT-MIR and FT-NIR spectrometers are simple, non-invasive, rapid, easy to transport, and cheaper alternatives to traditional methods, including chromatography (GC, HPLC), mass-spectroscopy (GC-MS, LC-MS) for the detection of pistachio adulteration. Powdered pistachio samples were adulterated with powdered green pea and peanut samples at different concentrations (5–40%). Spectra were collected with a portable FT-MIR and FT-NIR spectrometers and analyzed by Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) to generate a classification model to authenticate pure pistachio, and Partial Least Square Regression (PLSR) to predict the levels of adulterants in pistachio. SIMCA provided, in both units, very distinct clusters for pure and adulterated samples with inter-class distance (ICD) over 3. Both units also showed superior performance in predicting adulterant levels with rVal>0.99, standard error of prediction (SEP) < 2.5%. Based on SIMCA and PLSR models, portable FT-NIR spectrometer provided more advantages over portable FT-MIR unit because the prediction with the FT-NIR spectrometer was more precise than the FT-MIR unit. Both portable FT-MIR and FT-NIR units can be used as alternative methods to traditional methods and showed great potential for real-time surveillance to detect green pea and peanut adulteration in pistachio.
AtıfScopus70WoS60OpenAlex71İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2020Scopus SJRQ2In situ monitoring of sugar content in breakfast cereals using a novel ft-nir spectrometer
Aykas, Didem Peren; Ball, Christopher; Menevseoglu, Ahmed; Rodriguez-Saona, Luis E.
This research demonstrates simultaneous predictions of individual and total sugars in breakfast cereals using a novel, handheld near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic sensor. This miniaturized, battery-operated unit based on Fourier Transform (FT)-NIR was used to collect spectra from both ground and intact breakfast cereal samples, followed by real-time wireless data transfer to a commercial tablet for chemometric processing. A total of 164 breakfast cereal samples (60 store-bought and 104 provided by a snack food company) were tested. Reference analysis for the individual (sucrose, glucose, and fructose) and total sugar contents used high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Chemometric prediction models were generated using partial least square regression (PLSR) by combining the HPLC reference analysis data and FT-NIR spectra, and associated calibration models were externally validated through an independent data set. These multivariate models showed excellent correlation (Rpre ≥ 0.93) and low standard error of prediction (SEP ≤ 2.4 g/100 g) between the predicted and the measured sugar values. Analysis results from the FT-NIR data, confirmed by the reference techniques, showed that eight store-bought cereal samples out of 60 (13%) were not compliant with the total sugar content declaration. The results suggest that the FT-NIR prototype can provide reliable analysis for the snack food manufacturers for on-site analysis.
AtıfScopus15WoS14OpenAlex14İncele