Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- MakaleAçık Erişim2019Effect of nano materials additives on fuel properties and combustion characteristics
Sezer, Ismet
This study compiled the results of various researches performed on using nanomaterials additives in diesel engine fuels such as diesel, biodiesel, water emulsified fuels and various fuel blends. Three different techniques are used the reduction of the harmful exhaust emissions of the diesel engine. The first technique for the reduction of harmful emissions is improved the combustion by modification of engine design and fuel injection system, but this process is expensive and time consuming. The second technique is the using various exhaust gas devices like catalytic converter and diesel particulate filter. However, the use of these devices affects negatively diesel engine performance. The other technique to reduce emissions and also improve diesel engine performance is the use of various fuel additives. The major pollutants of diesel engine are oxide of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). It is very difficult to reduce NOx and PM simultaneously in practice. The most researches declare that the best way to reduce the emissions and increase the engine performance is the use of nano material additives and water emulsified fuels. The effects on fuel properties and combustion characteristics of different nano material additives in various diesel engine fuels are investigated in this review.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2017Regionalisation of discharges having certain exceedance probabilities and Eastern Black Sea Basin sample
Saka, Fatih; Yüksek, Omer
In many of water engineering studies, it is necessary to determine the amount of water or the probability of discharge at a certain value. However, current discharge measurements are limited and located in discharge gauging stations (DGS). Flow duration curves (FDC) belonging to each DGS can be obtained, but it is necessary to estimate discharge values of the areas having no or insufficient discharge data. For this purpose, studies based on the regionalization of discharge values can be applied. In this study, discharge values of 39 DGS located on Eastern Black Sea Basin in Turkey, and temperature and precipitation of weather stations in the region have been obtained. Drainage areas have been determined. Total annual precipitation and temperature values of DGS have been obtained by using Thiessen method. Values having 20%, 30%, 50%, and 90% exceedance probabilities of annual FDC, have also been correlated with basin characteristics using 10-year average daily discharges. Drainage area, drainage density and mean slope of tributary values were chosen as topographic; and mean annual precipitation height and annual temperature values chosen as climatic parameters. As a result, in the ungauged areas, 20%, 30%, 50%, and 90% exceedance probabilities of annual FDC have been estimated by some basin properties and the results were examined.
- MakaleYalnız künye2016Therotical investigation of the effects of diesel fuel, biodiesel fuel and their blends on internal combsution engines
Sezer, Ismet
In this study; the effects of diesel fuel, the soybean oil methyl ester (SOME) biodiesel fuel and their blends at various percentages on the spray and combustion characteristics and engine performance and exhaust emissions of diesel engines investigated as theoretically. For this purpose, a model has been built for a direct injection diesel engine in a commercial vehicle by the Diesel-RK software program that can be used liberally on the net. The obtained values for diesel (D) and biodiesel (BD) fuels and D-BD fuel blends via the constructed model were compared. The results of the study show that BD fuel generally provides a close brake thermal efficiency values to diesel fuel. Additionally, BD fuel causes decrements in engine power and particulate matter (PM-soot) emission and increments in specific fuel consumption and nitric oxides (NOx) emission. On the other hand, D-BD fuel blends at various blend ratios have usually given the spray, combustion, performance, and emission values between those of diesel and biodiesel fuels.
- MakaleYalnız künye2015AUTOMATION OF ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION LINES' ROUTE OPTIMIZATION AND PROJECT DRAWING
Eroglu, Hasan; Aydin, Musa
There is a need for new Energy transmission lines (ETL) in order to meet the energy demand that has been increasing from past to present. Finding the optimum route and drawing the project is a time consuming and a complex problem for engineers. There are many studies for optimization of ETL's routing in the literature. However it is seen that there is a need for an interface that will facilitate the ETL routing by bringing together all the processes for ETL routing and preparing the project of the ETL by drawing the profile of the route. In this study, an interface using the Geographical information systems (GIS) is designed for finding the optimum route of ETL's, a project drawing program that can draw the profile and make all the other project processes is written. Also, controlling the project on the real terrain model by the users is ensured by the visualization of the ETL's projects on three-dimensional terrain model and satellite image.
- MakaleYalnız künye2015NEURAL NETWORK BASED SCALAR SPEED CONTROL OF LINEAR PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR
Otkun, Ozcan; Dogan, Ramazan Ozgur; Akpinar, Adem Sefa
Nowadays, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), in different applications, have been used in solving many problems of non-linear. In this study, ANN based Scalar (V / f) speed control of Linear Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (LPMSM) was carried out experimentally. For scalar control, variable frequency drive that is product of model LG-SV022IG5A-4 are used. This drive is controlled by the frequency of the C # programming language prepared by the ANN and the motor speed control was performed. Obtained experimental results by running LPMSM at different speed and load conditions were presented and analysis of success in motor speed control was performed.
- MakaleYalnız künye2014EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON STRUCTURE OF ELECTROLESS Ni-B COATED PURE TITANIUM
Bülbül, Ferhat; Çelik, Ilhan
Pure titanium has a very large potential for use industrially due to its low weight, however, its usage continues to be limited because it possesses some disadvantages such as low hardness and wear resistance, weak corrosion resistance in high temperatures and high cost. In order to strengthen these weaknesses of pure titanium, electroless Ni-B deposition process, may be an alternative solution. In this study, the Ni-B coatings were deposited on pure titanium and annealed at the temperatures of 450 degrees C, 650 degrees C and 850 degrees C. The non-heat treated and heat treated coatings were structurally characterized via SEM (scanning electron microscope) and XRD (x ray diffraction). These coatings transformed from amorphous structure to a pronounced crystalline structure depending on heat treatment.
- MakaleYalnız künye2012EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION THE EFFECTS OF DIETHYL ETHER-DIESEL FUEL BLENDS ON THE ENGINE PERFORMANCE
Sezer, Ismet
In this study, the effects of diethyl ether (DEE)-diesel fuel blends on the performance of a diesel engine investigated experimentally. The blends were prepared with the addition of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 vol. % of DEE with a specified amount of diesel fuel. In the experiments, a single cylinder direct injection (DI) diesel experimental engine was used and compression ratio was fixed at 20. The experiments were performed with neat diesel fuel and DEE-diesel fuel blends at various engine speeds and wide open throttle conditions. The results of the study show that DEE addition to diesel fuel causes to decrease in engine performance parameters, i.e., brake mean effective pressure, brake torque and brake power. The decrement in performance parameters increased with increasing blending ratio. The maximum decrement in brake mean effective pressure was obtained with DEE10 blend as about 5.1%. However, brake thermal efficiency increases and brake specific fuel consumption decreases up to 7.5% DEE blending ratio. The maximum increment in brake thermal efficiency was obtained with DEE7.5 blend as about 10.9%. The same fuel blend gives about 8.7% reduction in brake specific fuel consumption. Additionally, exhaust gas temperature decreases and air excess coefficient increases with increasing DEE blending ratio.