Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yayınlar
- MakaleYalnız künye2017Environmental impact of Gümüşhane City, Turkey, waste area in terms of heavy metal pollution
Vural, Alaaddin; Gundogdu, Ali; Akpinar, Ibrahim; Baltaci, Cemalettin
The aim of this study is to investigate the occurrence of a heavy metal contamination in a solid waste site of Gümüşhane City, Turkey, to examine the dimensions of the risk of contamination, and to present suggestions for possible solutions. For this purpose, heavy metal contents of soil and leachate samples taken from a Gümüşhane waste site were determined by a new method, microwave plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (MP-AES). When the obtained results are compared with background and control values, it can be seen that the region carries contamination risks, especially in terms of heavy metals such as Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Co. To examine the environmental effects of the landfill area in more detail, geodeposition index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), contamination index (PI), and combined contamination index (IPI) parameters are used. In addition, the samples taken from an area supposed to be free of pollution risk were also analyzed as control samples, and the obtained data were statistically compared with the results of the waste area. It is determined that the results of landfill waste site are dissimilar to those of comparison samples in terms of investigated metals, and that they contained higher values in general.
- MakaleYalnız künye2017Formation of the Eğrikar (Gümüşhane) Fe–Cu skarn type mineralization in NE Turkey: U–Pb zircon age, lithogeochemistry, mineral chemistry, fluid inclusion, and O-H-C-S isotopic compositions
Sipahi, Ferkan; Akpınar, İbrahim; Eker, Çiğdem Saydam; Kaygusuz, Abdullah; Vural, Alaaddin; Yılmaz, Meltem
The Eğrikar Fe–Cu skarn type mineralization is located approximately 100 km NW of Gümüşhane in NE Turkey. Geochemical analyses of diorite, which is thought to cause skarn, indicate medium K calc-alkaline (1.3 to ~ 2.3 wt% K2O), metaluminous to peraluminous (A/CNK = 0.76 to 1.13) and resembles a continental arc granite. The age of U–Pb zircon obtained from diorite is 42.3 ± 1.0 Ma, which reflects the age of skarn metasomatism after intrusion into Late Cretaceous sandy carbonates. Skarn formation zones are recognized as endo- and exoskarn. The endoskarn zone mainly consists of pyroxene with hedenbergite (Di4.31–28.14Hd59.29–80.82Jo5.0–35.55) at prograde stage. Mn content of pyroxene increases a slight from endo to exoskarn. Pyroxene is replaced by epidote and hornblende at the retrograde stage. The exoskarn zone comprises garnet with andradite (Ad91-99Gr01–07) and grossular-andradite (Ad44-95Gr05–54), epidote and quartz as silicate minerals, and magnetite and hematite as ore minerals. Magnetite is the abundant ore mineral and is accompanied by chalcopyrite and minor pyrite at retrograde stage. On the basis of fluid inclusion values of minerals, the temperature range for hedenbergite in endo-exoskarn is 350 °C–425 °C, for epidote in exoskarn is 365 °C–376 °C, and for quartz in exoskarn 200 °C–380 °C. NaCl equivalent salinity for hedenbergite 6.88–10.73 wt% and for quartz is 3.9–15.38 wt. The δ18O values of hedenbergite is 4.1 to 4.7‰ and for garnet 3.4‰ at prograde stage, for epidote 7.9–9.2‰, for magnetite 1 to 4.4‰, for hematite − 2.9 to − 1.6‰ and for quartz range between 8.5‰ and 15.2‰. The δ18O value of epidote suggests that oxygen is a magmatic fluid whereas hedenbergite, garnet, quartz and magnetite show the mixing of magmatic and meteoric fluids. In addition, the C isotope values (− 3.2 to 2.8‰) of calcite and marble in Eğrikar Fe–Cu skarn reflect those of metamorphic, and skarns. Based on oxygen isotope data from mineral pairs, the retrograde skarn formation is characterized by epidote–magnetite assemblage formed at 255 °C–438 °C. Fluid oxygen isotope compositions of magnetite and epidote pairs of the exoskarn skarn zone indicate a mixing of magmatic and meteoric fluids with narrow δ18O values between 7.17‰ and 8.9‰. The δ34S values of the pyrites exhibit a narrow range of 3‰ and 4.4‰, thereby indicating that sulfur were probably leached from magmatic rocks. Based on the field and laboratory observation, mineral chemistries, fluid inclusion studies and isotope composition analysis, it is suggested that the Eğrikar Fe–Cu skarn mineralization occurs in a magmatic origin fluids being initially under reduced conditions, subsequently under oxidized conditions, and at shallow depth.
- MakaleYalnız künye2017Remote sensing technique for capturing and exploration of mineral deposit sites in Gumushane metallogenic province, NE Turkey
Vural, Alaaddin; Corumluoglu, Özsen; Asri, Ibrahim
This study examines the determination and confirmation of mineral deposits in the Gumushane Province,Turkey. Rather than using classical techniques, Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System GIS technologies are applied for this purpose. Mineral alteration traces on the ground are characteristic indicators of ore below the surface. These traces can be determined using RS techniques. The Crosta technique is one of the most important RS image analysis methods used for the determination of mineral alterations. The technique has shown particular usefulness around mine areas, which are rich in ore deposits and show hydrothermal alterations. Therefore, four separate mine fields covering a total area of 718 km2 in the southern part of Gumushane, which is rich in iron oxides, hydroxides and hydrothermal alteration, were chosen. The Crosta technique was applied to the satellite image of each area to explore the regional alterations. The determined locations could be confirmed as alteration areas. Within these four regions, some other locations showing similar alteration patterns were also determined using the Crosta technique. These locations represent good candidates for mineral exploration.
- Proje2016Avliyana (Torul-Gümüşhane) Antimonit Cevherleşmesinin Jeolojisi-Mineralojisi ve Kökeninin Araştırılması
Kaygusuz, Abdullah; Vural, Alaaddin
Projenin amacı, Gümüshane Torul Ilçesi sınırları içinde bulunan Avliyana antimonit cevherlesmesinin; jeolojisi, mineralojik özellikleri ve kökeninin arastırılmasıdır. Avliyana antimonit cevherlesme sahasında, Üst Kretase yaslı sedimanter kayaç arakatkılı andezit lav ve piroklastlar ve bu kayaçlara sokulum yapmıs Eosen yaslı diyorit, kuvars diyorit, kuvars monzodiyorit bilesimli intrüzif kayaçlar yüzeylenmektedir. Sahada, granitik genç intrüzif kayaçlar ve bu kayaçların sokulum yaptıgı yankayaçlarda hidrotermal damar tipte gelismis antimonit cevherlesmesi mevcuttur. Cevherlesmenin oldugu bölgede yaygın olmamakla birlikte, silislesme, killesme, hematitlesme, limonitlesme, yer yer epidotlasma ve kloritlesmeler seklinde hidrotermal alterasyonlar gözlenmistir. Antimonit cevherlesmelerinin 20?100 cm arasında degisen kalınlıklardaki silislesmelerin gelistigi hematize-limonitize zon içinde 2-10 cm arasında degisen kalınlıklarda olustugu tespit edilmistir. Sb cevherlesmesi ile Ag ve Au elementi arasında çok güçlü olmamakla birlikte dogru orantılı bir iliski görülmüs, Sb cevherlesmesinin yogunlastıgı kesimde Clark degerlerine göre bir miktar yüksek Ag ve Au degerlerinin oldugu tespit edilmistir. Sıvı kapanım çalısmalarında homojenlesme sıcaklıkları 150-380 oC arasında, ortalama 234 oC bulunmustur. Cevherlesmeyle iliskili sıvıların tuzlulugun ise düsük oldugu tespit edilmistir (% 0.16- 3.67 NaCl esdegeri). Cevherlesme ile iliskili oksijen ve kükürt izotop verileri dikkate alındıgında, cevherlesmeyi olusturan akıskanların magmatik kökenli oldugu, meteorik suların da cevherlesmede katkı verdigi anlasılmıstır (?18O, silikatlarda, süfatlarda ise ? 8.0 ile 11.0 arasında; ?34S antimonit minerallerinde ? -0.2 ile 1.47 arasında; sülfatlarda ? 2.3 ile 14.1 arasındadır). Alterasyon ürünü serizit ve illitlerden yapılan K-Ar ve granitik kayaçlardan yapılan U-Pb analizlerinde 44.17±0.49 Ma ile 45.60 ±0.55 Ma arasında degisen yaslar tespit edilmis olup, sahadaki cevherlesmenin Avliyana granitoyidinin sokulumu ile iliskili oldugu sonucuna varılmıstır.
- Proje2016Egrikar (Torul, Gümüshane, Kd Türkiye) Skarn Cevherlesmesinin Mineral Kimyası, Sıvı Kapanım Ve Duraylı Izotop Bilesimlerinin Arastırılması
Saydam Eker, Çiğdem; Kaygusuz, Abdullah; Vural, Alaaddin; Sipahi, Ferkan
Egrikar Fe?Cu skarn yatagı Gümüshane?nin (KD Türkiye) yaklasık 100 km kuzeybatısında bulunmaktadır. Inceleme alanı, tabanda Geç yaslı Kretase Egrikar Monzograniti, bunun üzerine sırasıyla andezit, kireçtası içeren dasit ve hornblenli andezitten olusmaktadır. Bu kayaçlar Orta Eosen yaslı Erik Granitoyidi (granodiyorit ve diyorit) tarafından kesilmektedir. Andezitler, porfirik, camsı ve bosluklu dokuda olup plajiyoklaslardan olusmaktadır. Dasitik kayaçlar porfirik dokuda olup, baslıca kuvars, plajiyoklas, biyotit ve opak minerallerden olusmaktadır. Kireçtasları ise yer yer mermere dönüsmüs ve kristalize olmustur. Hornblendli andezitler mikrogranü porfirik ve glomeroporfirik dokulu olup ve plajiyoklas, hornblend, biyotit ve kuvars minerallerini içermektedir. Geç Kretase yaslı Egrikar monzograniti baslıca plajiyoklas, kuvars, ortoklas, biyotit ve muskovitten olusmaktadır. Orta Eosen yaslı Erik Granitoyidi ise granodiyorit ve diyorit bilesimli olup plajiyoklas ve hornblend minerallerinden ibarettir. Egrikar Fe-Cu skarn yatagındaki volkanitler kalk-alkali karakterdedir. Egrikar Monzograniti orta K?lu kalk-alkali bilesimde olup peralüminyum karakterdedir. Egrikar Monzogranitinin iz element karakteristikleri, genel olarak yay granitlerine benzerlik gösterirler. Erik Granitoyidi orta K?lu kalk-alkali özellikte ve metalüminyum karakterdedir. Egrikar Fe-Cu skarn sahasında Fe-skarn ile iliskili Erik Granitoyidi çarpısma sonrası meydana gelmistir. Erik Granitoyidi?nin kireçtasına sokulumu sonucu dokanak metamorfizması olusmus ve skarn zonu gelismistir. Granitoyidden kireçtasına dogru endo- ve ekzoskarn zonlarının olustugu belirlenmistir. Skarn zonunda piroksen, granat, epidot, kuvars, kalsit ve aktinolit-tremolit skarn minerallerini olusturmaktadır. Skarn zonunda piroksen türü hedenberjit, granat türü andradit ile grossular andradittir. Egrikar Fe-Cu skarn yatagının cevher minerallerinin parajenezi manyetit, pirit, hematit, kalkopirit, altın ve nabit bakırdan olusmaktadır. Ikincil cevher mineralleri olarak götit, limonit, dijenit, malakit, azurit, bornit ve lepidokrozit belirlenmistir. Egrikar Fe-Cu skarn yatagındaki endo-ekzoskarn zonunda hedenberjit, epidot ve kuvars minerallerinde yapılan sıvı kapanım çalısmalarında, sıvı kapanımlar birincil ve Tip I kapanımlar olarak sınıflandırılmıstır. Hedenberjit, epidot ve kuvarslarda yapılan sıvı kapan çalısmalarında sıcaklık 200-425 ve tuzluluk % 2.7-15.38 arasında olup skarn kökeni desteklemektedir. Hedenberjit, granat, manyetit, epidot, amfibol, kuvars ve pirit minerallerinden belirlenen oksijen ve kükürt izotop degerleri dar bir aralıkta degismekte ve magmatik kökeni desteklemektedir. Endo-ekzoskarn geçis zonu için hedenberjit-granat çiftinin mineral kimyasından 446-377 oC sıcaklık ve ekzoskarn zonunun termodinamik sartları manyetitepidot çiftinin izotop bilesiminden 255-438oC olarak belirlemistir. Sıcaklık degisimine baglı olarak düsük kükürtlü, nispeten yüksek oksitli magmatik sıvılardan itibaren mineral çökelimi gerçeklesmistir. Egrikar Fe-Cu skarn yatagında; piroksenin hedenberjit, granatın andradit ve grossular andradit türünde, bol manyetit, hematit ve çok az pirit ve kalkopirit bilesimli olması, sıvı kapanım sonucu elde edilen sıcaklık ve tuzluluk verileri ile skarn minerallerinin duraylı izotop bilesimleri bu yatagın magmatik sıvılardan baslangıçta düsük sülfürlü sonradan yüksek oksitli sartlar altında sıg sokulum sonucu olustugunu göstermektedir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2016Investigation of pozzolanic activity of volcanic rocks from the northeast of the Black Sea
Çullu, Mustafa; Bolat, Hakan; Vural, Alaaddin; Tuncer, Ertan
Mineralogical and chemical properties, as well as the pozzolanic activities, of the volcanic rocks in the northeast of the Black Sea were examined. Physical and mechanical tests were conducted on samples collected from the study area and the feasibility of using volcanic rocks as pozzolanic admixture in the concrete industry was investigated. Mortar samples containing admixture in the ratios of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% were prepared by keeping fineness of pozzolanic admixtures fixed. By using these mortar samples, prismatic mortar samples of 4×4×16 cm were prepared and the samples were cured in water. Their 7-, 28-, and 90-day tensile strengths, compressive strengths, and ultrasonic pulse velocity were determined. As a result, it was determined that volcanic rocks can be used to produce blended cement by considering their specific gravity, pozzolanic activities, and compressive strengths. It was noted that increase in trass rate significantly reduced tensile and compressive strength of cement in the early stage as expected.
- Proje2015Canca (Gümüşhane) alterasyon sahasında toprak ve bitki jeokimyası çalışmaları ile altın potansiyelinin araştırılması
Vural, Alaaddin
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- MakaleYalnız künye2015Contamination assessment of heavy metals associated with an alteration area: Demirören Gumushane, NE Turkey
Vural, Alaaddin
Soil samples collected from Demirören Alteration area, Gümüshane NE Turkey were analyzed for heavy metals by using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry and the contamination level of heavy metals was assessed on the basis of Geoaccumulation Index, Enrichment Factor, Pollution Index and Integrated Pollution Index. The results indicated that, in comparison with background value of upper crust, soil samples in Demirören alteration area have elevated levels of metal concentrations as a whole. High Geoaccumulation Indexes and Enrichment Factors for molybdenum, lead, selenium, bismuth, cadmium and copper in alteration area indicated that there is a considerable amount of especially molybdenum, lead and copper pollution, which mainly originate from alteration in the area.
- MakaleYalnız künye2015Assessment of metal pollution associated with an alteration area: Old Gümüşhane, NE Black Sea
Vural, Alaaddin
The objective of this study was to determine the potential environmental risks associated with the Kirkpavli (Old Gümüşhane in northern Turkey) alteration area by quantifying pollution in soil. The Kirkpavli (Old Gümüşhane) alteration area is situated at the south of the deposit with the same name of gold-silver-bearing lead, zinc, and copper in the southern part of the Black Sea Tectonic Unit (Eastern Pontides). In this study, 28 soil samples acquired from the alteration area were analyzed for contents of some main elements including lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and arsenic (As). Contents of the elements in the area were determined, and high values were obtained such as 1,171 mg/kg for As, 12.4 mg/kg for Cd, 77.3 mg/kg for Co, 341 mg/kg for Cu, 1,172 mg/kg for Mn, 51.9 mg/kg for Ni, 3,725 mg/kg for Pb, and 880 mg/kg for Zn. Soil contamination was appraised on the basis of Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF), Pollution Index, and Integrated Pollution Index. The calculated results of Igeo, EF, and PI of the elements can be shown in descending order of parameters as As > Pb > Cd > Zn > Cu > Co > Mn. The parameters for some of these elements indicated extremely high contamination (Igeo > 5), extremely high enrichment (EF > 40), and high pollution (PI > 3). High Igeo, EF, and PI values of As, Pb, and Cd in the soil samples mean that soil pollution is typically associated with alteration area. Considering its location and the results of this study, the Kirkpavli alteration area is a significant source of pollution and may have ecotoxicological effects on terrestrial, groundwater, and aquatic ecosystems in the region.
- MakaleYalnız künye2015Biogeochemical characteristics of Rosa canina grown in hydrothermally contaminated soils of the Gümüşhane Province, Northeast Turkey
Vural, Alaaddin
Kırkpavli alteration area (Gümüşhane, Northeast Turkey) is contaminated by heavy metals such as Cd, Pb, As, Cu and Zn. The quantity of accumulation of heavy metal trace elements and macroelements in 32 leaves of Rosa canina of the Kırkpavli alteration area has been studied within the scope of geochemical studies. Element contents of samples were assessed using various parameters including descriptive statistics, factor analysis, correlation coefficients and bioaccumulation factor. Concentrations were detected in the acceptable range for Mo, Cu, Pb, Ni, As, Cd, Sb, P, Ti, Na, Se and Sn. Concentrations of Co, Mn, Ba and Hg were detected close to the acceptable values, whereas Zn, Fe, Sr, V, Ca, Cr, Mg, B, Al, K, W, Sc, Cs and Rb concentrations were detected above the acceptable values. Principal component analysis was used to identify the elements that have a close relationship with each other and/or similar origins. It has been concluded that Zn, Cu, As and Mo content of the plant were related to hydrothermal alteration process and they behaved together, whereas Mn and Fe were especially products of weathering conditions, also behaved together. In terms of macroelements, Ca, Mg and Na had similar behaviour, while P and K had the same correlation.
- MakaleYalnız künye2015Determination of Kula basalts (geosite) in Turkey using remote sensing techniques
Corumluoglu, Ozsen; Vural, Alaaddin; Asri, Ibrahim
Kula Region (Manisa, Turkey), with its 80 volcanic cones, lava flows, basalt plateaus and basalt columns, fairy chimney formations in canyons carved by the Gediz River, shelter cities hidden in volcanic lava, footprint fossils belonging to the first humans, and geological uniqueness, has a great importance in terms of geotourism potential as it is being a natural heritage in the Aegean region of Anatolia. In this study, some remote sensing image processing techniques such as band combination, band rationing, and principal component analyses were used to depict the cultural and natural geosite known as Kula basalts in Turkey. Satellite images utilized here in this study were Landsat band images (band 1 to band 7). Principal component analyses (PCA) were performed on the first ratio group with 5/4, 5/1, and 3/7 bands and then on the second ratio group with 3/1, 4/5, and 3/2 bands. As a conclusion and outcome of this PCA, it was found that red, green, and blue (RGB) composite with PC1 and PC3 gray-level images from the first ratio group and PC2 gray-level image from the second group showed up the basalt areas better than those from other techniques studied in this research. After unsupervised classification of this final composite of PCA, it is computed that the basalt rocks in Kula cover an area of 36,774 ha totally.
- MakaleYalnız künye2014Toprak ve akasya ağacı sürgünlerindeki ız / ağır metal dağılımı, Gümüşhane - Türkiye
Vural, Alaaddin
Bu çalışmada Gümüşhane şehir merkezinden geçen karayolu kenarındaki topraklarda ve bu topraklarda yetişmiş akasya (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) ağaçlarının 1-2 yıllık sürgünlerinde ağır metal/iz element birikimleri araştırılmıştır. Topraklardaki ağır metal içerikleri Zenginleşme Faktörü (EF) ve Jeobirikim indeksi (Igeo) parametreleri kullanılarak, bitkilerdeki ağır metal içerikleri ise Biyo Birikim Faktörü (BAF) ile incelenmiştir. Igeo verilerine göre toprağın Cr, Co, Cu, Rb, Sr bakımından kirlenmemiş, V, Ni, ve Zn bakımından kirlenmemiş-orta kirlilikte olduğu, As bakımından orta aşırıca-aşırı kirli, Pb bakımından ise orta-aşırı derecede kirlenmiş olduğu görülmüştür. EF parametrelerine göre ise Cr, Co, Sr ve Baca yok-az derecesinde zenginleştiği, Ni ve Cuca yok-orta derecede, Zn açısından az-aşırı, Asce aşırı-çok aşırı ve Pbca ise az-çok çok aşırı zenginleştiği gözlenmektedir. Akasya sürgünlerinin iz/ağır element içeriklerinin genel olarak akasya için normal değerler içinde olmakla birlikte, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Sr ve Zn konsantrasyonlarının bazı örnek noktalarında normal değerlerin üst sınırlarının üstünde ve/veya bu değerleri aşmış olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2014Trace/heavy metal accumulation in soil and in the shoots of acacia tree, Gümüşhane-Turkey
Vural, Alaaddin
In this study, heavy metal/trace element accumulation was investigated in soils along the road passing through Gümüshane city center and shoots of 1-2 years of acacia trees (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) grown in these soils. Heavy metal contents in soils and plants were analyzed by Enrichment Factor (EF), Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) parameters, and by Bio Accumulation Factor (BAF), respectively. According to geo-accumulation index (Igeo) data, it is seen that the soil was unpolluted in terms of Cr, Co, Cu, Rb, Sr; unpolluted to moderately polluted in terms of V, Ni and Zn; moderate to excessively polluted in terms of As, and moderate to excessively polluted in terms of Pb. According to EF parameters, on the other hand, it is observed that the soil was non to slightly enriched in terms of Cr, Co, Sr and Ba; non to moderately enriched in terms of Ni and Cu; slightly to significantly enriched in terms of Zn; significant to very highly enriched in terms of As and slightly to over excessively enriched in terms of Pb. Although trace/heavy metal contents of acacia shoots were usually within normal values for acacia, it was determined that Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Sr and Zn concentrations were within and/or above upper limits of normal values in certain sampling points.
- MakaleYalnız künye2013Assessment of Heavy Metal accumulation in the roadside soil and plants of robinia pseudoacacia, in Gumushane, Northeastern Turkey
Vural, Alaaddin
Özet Gümüşhane şehir merkezinden geçen karayolu boyunca toprak ve Robinia pseudoacacia bitkisindeki ağır elementlerin konsantrasyonları araştırıldı. Bu çalışmanın amacı bölgenin trafik yoğunluğu, sanayileşme, şehirleme ve/veya jeolojik özeliklerinden kaynaklanan ağır metal birikimlerinin anlaşılmasıdır. Topraktaki ağır metal birikimlerinin değerlendirilmesi Jeobirikim İndeksi, ve Zenginleşme Faktörü parametreleri ile, bitkilerdeki ise Biyobirikim Faktörü ile incelendi. Jeobirikim indeksine göre, toprak örnekleri Cr, Co, Cu, Rb ve Sr elementleri açısından kirlenmemiş, V, Ni, Ba ve Zn açısından kirlenmemiş-az derecede kirlenmiş, As açısından az ile aşırı-aşırı derece kirlenmiştir. Toprak örneklerinin kirliliği Pb açısından orta-aşırı-çok aşırı kirli derecesinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Zenginleşme Faktörüne göre, toprak örnekleri V için zenginleşme yok-orta-aşırı derece arasındadır. Zn elementi dikkate alındığında, zenginleşme az-aşırı arasındadır. Diğer yönden element zenginleşmesi As için aşırı-çok aşırı, Pb için ise az-çok aşırı seviyesindedir. Elde edilen veriler Zn, As ve Pb için çalışma sahasındaki toprakta önemli derecede kirlenmenin olduğunu göstermiştir. Robinio pseudoacacia sürgünlerindeki Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Sr ve Zn konsantrasyon seviyesinin normal değerlerin üzerinde ve/veya bu değerleri aşmış olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
- MakaleYalnız künye2013Assessment of heavy metal accumulation in the roadside soil and plants of Robinia pseudoacacia, in Gumushane, Northeastern Turkey; [Yol kenari{dotless}ndaki topraklarda ve Robinia pseudoacacia bitkilerindeki aǧi{dotless}r metal birikiminin deǧerlendirilmesi, Gümüşhane, kuzeydoǧu Türkiye]
Vural, Alaaddin
The concentrations of heavy elements were studied in the soils and plants of Robinia pseudoacacia, along a highway passing through Gümüşhane City Center, Turkey. The aim of this study is to understand heavy metal accumulation due to dense traffic load, industrialization, urbanization, and/or geological features of the region. The assessment of the heavy metal accumulation of the soils is based on the Geoaccumulation Index and Enrichment Factor, and that of plants, is based on the Bioaccumulation Factor. According to the Geoaccumulation Index, soil samples were uncontaminated for Cr, Co, Cu, Rb, and Sr elements, uncontaminated to moderately contaminated for V, Ni, Ba, and Zn, and moderately to heavily-heavy contaminated for As. The contamination of soil samples changes from moderate-heavy-extremely contaminated degree for Pb. According to the Enrichment Factor; soil samples show, no enrichment-moderately-severe enrichment for V. Considering the Zn element, enrichment is in minor to severe enrichment. On the other hand, element enrichment is severe to very severe enrichment for As and that of Pb is minor to an extremely severe enrichment level. The data revealed that the soil in the study area is significantly contaminated for Zn, As, and Pb. Also, concentration levels of Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Sr, and Zn in the shoots of Robinia pseudoacacia at some location were determined as above and/or exceeded the upper limit of the normal range.