Sımsek, Tugçe

Labour force participation rates are a key indicator of economic structure, human capital development, and employment dynamics, with education level playing a crucial role in shaping workforce accessibility and productivity. This study examines the labour force participation rates across different education levels (basic, intermediate, high) in 34 European and surrounding countries between 2015 and 2023, aiming to provide strategic insights for human resources management (HRM). Using a quantitative approach, the study employs descriptive statistics and K-means clustering to analyse workforce segmentation, while Silhouette Scores assess the degree of convergence among countries over time. The findings indicate a significant decline in Labour force participation among individuals with lower education levels, particularly in countries such as Croatia and Latvia, whereas participation rates for highly educated individuals remain relatively stable. Additionally, clustering results suggest a gradual convergence in labour force dynamics, with certain countries shifting between clusters, reflecting structural shifts in workforce composition. These results highlight the need for targeted reskilling programs, flexible employment models, and education-driven labour policies to mitigate participation disparities. The study underscores the importance of international talent mobility, workforce digitalisation, and skill development initiatives in optimising HRM strategies. By providing an education-based labour market analysis, this research contributes to data-driven workforce planning and global HRM decision-making.

Taş, Ahmet; Bulbul, Halil Ibrahim

The integration of digital technology with the internet has brought up various subjects and concepts. Individuals using the Internet create their digital footprints with their activities in the digital environment. With the help of digital footprint, political views, personality traits, potential beliefs, etc. can be predicted. This study was prepared to determine the level of impact of individuals' digital footprint awareness on their decision-making style when purchasing products online. The data were collected through an online survey and analyzed using SPSS and AMOS programs. The sample of the study included 607 individuals from different groups, and after eliminating outliers at the structural equation model stage, data from 461 participants were analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was seen that participants were aware that their activities on the internet environment could affect them, they made decisions as they wished, some sub-dimensions had differences between genders, and generally there was no difference in demographic characteristics in terms of digital footprint awareness. Additionally, an analysis of demographic variables showed that there was a relationship between conscious awareness and digital footprint, and some sub-dimensions of consumer decision-making style and digital footprint.

Sancar Özkök, Canan; Polat, Melike Atay

Bu çalışmada ulaşım sektöründen kaynaklanan hava kirliliği ve ekonomik büyümenin sağlık harcamaları üzerindeki etkileri Türkiye’nin 1990- 2017 dönemi için zaman serisi analizi ile araştırılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, Türkiye’de hava kirliliği, ekonomik büyüme sağlık harcamaları arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki olduğunu desteklemektedir. FMOLS tahmincisi sonuçları, ekonomik büyümedeki %1’lik artışın sağlık harcamalarını %2.018 artırdığını, ulaşımdan kaynaklanan hava kirliliğindeki %1’lik artışın sağlık harcamalarında %0.266 bir artışa yol açtığını göstermiştir. DOLS tahmincisi sonuçlarına göre ise ekonomik büyümedeki %1’lik artış sağlık harcamalarını %1.921 artırmaktadır. Ayrıca ulaşımdan kaynaklanan hava kirliliğindeki %1’lik artış sağlık harcamalarını %0.381 artırmaktadır. Çalışmanın Granger nedensellik testi sonuçları, sağlık harcamaları ile ulaşım sektöründen kaynaklanan hava kirliliği arasında iki yönlü, ekonomik büyümeden sağlık harcamalarına ve hava kirliliğinden ekonomik büyümeye doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğunu göstermektedir.

Okan, Tarhan; Aytekin, Selcen Sarı; Peker, İskender

The aim of this study is to discover the criteria that represent social capital which can be acknowledged as a success factor of entrepreneurship in the Turkish context and to identify their relative importance level. Besides relevant literature, opinions of an expert group were received for identifying the criteria. Analytic Hierarchy Process Method was used for identifying the priorities of these criteria. Findings show that the relationship with "public institutions and authorities" is considered as the most important main dimension and the relationship with "other individual-institution-association and non-governmental organizations" has relatively lesser importance than "top managers at other firms".

Ugur, Omer; Aksoy, Metin

An important part of the debate on the European Union (EU) is whether the EU has an existing foreign policy, the predictability of the foreign policy and to built on what constitutes the power of its foreign policy. In parallel with these discussions, the EU as an international actor has developed foreign policy based on civil, military and normative power. Accordingly, the EU has created it strategies. This strategy parameters constitutes economic/civilians, normative and military tools. The EU is trying to indicate its effectiveness and enhance its actorness in the international system by using these tools. However, it is argued that since EU member states do not share long standing and extensive common interest, this leads to not only block agreement on creating suprenational foreign policy in the EU level, but also prevent to create collective capabilities by using these tools.

Hayaloğlu, Pınar

Conflicting opinions of the role of financial development on economic growth in the literature have becomea maj or focus of attention among researchers about this subj ect. In this regard, relationship betweenfinancial development and economic growth has been one of the most discussed topics in the theoreticaland empirical literature especially since the 1980s. In this study the effect of financial development on theeconomic growth was investigated in fragile five countries (India, Indonesia, Brazil, Turkey, South Africa).A dynamic panel data analysis technique was used in the study for the period 1990-20 12. The findingsobtained in the study which different variables used to represent the financial development show that therewas a positive relationship between financial development and economic growth.

Doğru, Bülent

Bu çalışmada Mundellin (1963) döviz kurunu içeren para talebi fonksiyonu eş bütünleşme sınırtesti yaklaşımı-ARDL(autoregressive distributed lag) ve VECM (hata düzeltme modeli) yöntemlerikullanılarak Türkiye için test edilmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, geniş para talebinin (M2) kısa dönemistikrar düzeyini ortaya koymak ve uzun dönemde para talebinin milli gelir, faiz oranı ve döviz kuru ileeş-bütünleşik hareket edip etmediğini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Çalışma 1970 ve 2010 arası dönemde yıllıkverileri kapsamaktadır. Elde edilen ampirik bulgulara göre, M2 uzun dönemde gelir, faiz ve döviz kuruile eş bütünleşik hareket etmektedir, yani uzun dönemde bu değişkenlerin doğrusal bileşimi bir dengenoktasına yakınsamaktadır. Ancak kısa dönemde para talebi fonksiyonu sadece mevduat faiz oranı ileanlamlı ve negatif ilişkili bulunmuştur.

Şentürk, Suat Hayri

Küresel iklim değişikliği ve sera gazlarının emisyonu son yıllarda küresel bir sorun olarak daha belirginhale gelmiştir. Binalar enerj i tüketiminin ve bu nedenle sera gazı emisyonlarının kontrolünde çokönemli bir yere sahiptir. Günümüzde dünyada tüketilen enerj inin yaklaşık %40ı binalar tarafındangerçekleştirilmektedir. Yeşil binalar, binaların çevre ve insan üzerindeki etkilerini en aza indirenyapılardır. Birçok hükümet enerj i verimliliğini artırmak amacıyla yeşil binaları teşvik etmektedir. Buçalışmanın amacı yeşil bina kavramını tanımlamak ve ABDdeki mali teşvik araçlarını açıklamak veTürkiye için önerilerde bulunmaktır.