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Koleksiyondaki öğeler
- MakaleYalnız künye2016Scopus SJRQ2Improving Rheological and Baking Properties of Gluten-Free Breads Using Defatted Hazelnut Flour with Various Gums
Tunç, Merve T.; Kahyaoglu, Talip
Defatted hazelnut flour (DHF) in different levels (5%, 10% and 15%) of locust bean, guar and xanthan gum were added in rice-based gluten-free formulations to improve rheological properties of dough and baking properties of bread. The rheological characteristics of dough samples were determined by steady flow curves and dynamic tests. The baking properties of breads were evaluated by specific volume, Textural Profile Analysis (TPA) parameters and color values. The rheological measurements showed that all gluten-free dough had pseudoplastic behavior. Specific volume values of breads ranged from 2.20 to 2.83cm3/g. Gum addition enhanced the specific volume of gluten-free breads. Hardness values of gluten-free breads ranged from 1,069.80 to 3,135.88 g and DHF addition of gluten-free formulations caused significant decrease of the hardness values of breads (p < 0.05). DHF addition in gluten-free formulations made bread crumb darker than bread without DHF and gum. DHF addition also increased a and b values of gluten-free bread's crumb.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ2The Technological Properties of Oriental Beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) Impregnated with Boron Compounds and Natural Materials
Adanur, Hakan; Fidan, Muhammed Said; Yaşar, Şekip Şadiye
Impregnation, drying, and varnishing are performed to increase the usage life of wood material by making it resistant to chemical, physical, and biological agents. The most common wood protection procedures are chemical methods. Therefore, it is essential to develop new impregnation substances that do not harm the environment and human health but are still economically efficient. In this study, oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) was impregnated with borax and boric acid in 1%, 3%, and 5% aqueous solutions. Quechua (Caesalpinia spinosa) was also used as a natural impregnation substance. The retention amount of the impregnated samples was examined for the oven-dried density, bending strength, elastic modulus, screw holding strength tests, compression strength parallel to the grain, and Bending strength parallel to the grain. The samples impregnated with borax had higher oven-dried density, bending strength, elasticity modulus in bending, and Bending strength parallel to the grain tests than samples treated with boric acid; however, the screw holding strength tests showed the opposite trend. The screw holding strength was higher in the impregnated samples than in controls. The bending strength, the elasticity modulus in bending, and the Bending strength parallel to the grain were lower in the control samples.
AtıfScopus5WoS5OpenAlex4İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2016Scopus SJRQ2Increased expressions of ADAMTS-13 and apoptosis contribute to neuropathology during Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis in mice
Dincel, Gungor Cagdas; Atmaca, Hasan Tarik
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a protozoan parasite with the potential of causing severe encephalitis among immunocompromised humans and animals. Our previous study showed that T. gondii induces high nitric oxide (NO) production, high glial activation (GFAP) and neurofilament expressions, leading to severe neurodegeneration in toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) in the central nervous system (CNS). The aim of this experimental study was to investigate ADAMTS-13 expression and apoptosis in CNS and to identify whether they have any correlation with toxoplasmosis neuropathology and neurodegeneration. Mice were infected with ME49 strain T. gondii and the levels of ADAMTS-13, caspase 3, caspase 8, caspase 9, TNFR1 and Bcl-xL expressions were examined in brain tissues by immunohistochemistry, during the development and establishment of chronic infections at 10, 30 and 60days post-infection. Results of the study revealed that the levels of ADAMTS-13 (P < 0.005), caspase 3 (P < 0.05), caspase 8 (P < 0.05), caspase 9 (P < 0.005) and TNFR1 (P < 0.05) expressions in the brain markedly increased while Bcl-xL expression decreased (P < 0.005). The most prominent finding from our study was that 10, 30 and 60days post-infection ADAMTS-13 increased significantly and this may play an important role in the regulation and protection of the blood-brain barrier integrity and CNS microenvironment in TE. These results also suggest that T. gondii-mediated apoptosis might play a pivotal role and a different type of role in the mechanism of neurodegeneration and neuropathology in the process of TE. Furthermore, expression of ADAMTS-13 might give an idea of the progress and is critical for diagnosis of this disease. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on ADAMTS-13 expression in the CNS of T. gondii-infected mice.
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İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2018Scopus SJRQ1Experimental and numerical investigation of natural convection in a discretely heated vertical channel: Effect of the blockage ratio of the heat sources
Sarper, Bugra; Saglam, Mehmet; Aydin, Orhan
This study deals with the buoyancy induced flow and heat transfer in a parallel plate channel with a heat source array, which simulates an electronic package. The heat source array consists of four discrete protruding heat sources made of copper. The focus of this study is concentrated on the effect of heat source blockage ratio (br) on recirculating flow and cooling performance of the system. Studies are conducted both for flush mounted or protruding heat source cases. Four different values of the blockage ratio of the protruding heat sources (br = 0.125, 0.25, 0.375 and 0.5) are considered. The range of the modified Grashof number covers the values between 9.6 × 105 and 1.53 × 107. In the experiments, flow visualization and temperature measurements are conducted. Numerical studies are performed via ANSYS Fluent software. From the experimental results and numerical studies, it is found that buoyancy induced flow and cooling performance is significantly affected by the blockage ratio of the heat source array.
AtıfScopus40WoS35OpenAlex41İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2019Scopus SJRQ2New records from Artabel Lakes nature park (Gümüşhane/Turkey) to the freshwater algal flora of Turkey
Şahin, Bülent; Akar, Bülent
Six newly recorded taxa, Chlamydomonas pertusa Chodat, Coenochloris pyrenoidosa Korshikov, Coenocystis tapasteana Komárek, Katagnymene accurata Geitler, Phormidium stagninum Anagnostidis, and Scytonema coactile Montagne ex Bornet & Flahault, were described from epipelic, epilithic, and epiphytic materials of the 17 high mountain lakes and a pond in Artabel Lakes Nature Park. The morphology of all species was examined by light microscopy. In this paper, the morphology, ecology, and distribution of these species are discussed. Photos of the species are also provided.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2018Scopus SJRQ4The investigation of the lattice strains and crystallite sizes of Y358 and Y123 high-temperature superconductors
Duzgun, Ibrahim
In this study, the Y358 phase, the newest high-temperature superconductor member of the yttrium barium copper oxide family, was produced using the solid-state reaction technique. The Y358 superconductor exhibited the Meissner effect at low temperature (77 K). The X-ray diffraction spectra indicated that the crystal structure was almost identical to that of Y123, but with some impurity peaks. An X-ray peak broadening analysis was applied to determine the lattice strain, and the medial crystallite size was calculated perpendicular to the surface of the superconductor specimens. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that the crystallite size of the Y358 superconductor was about 1.125 times larger than that of the Y123 superconductor.
AtıfScopus12WoS9OpenAlex12İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2016Scopus SJRQ1Theory of Justice, OCB, and Individualism: Kyrgyz Citizens
Özbek, Mehmet Ferhat; Yoldash, Mohammad Asif; Tang, Thomas Li-Ping
Research suggests that organizational justice (procedural, distributive, and interactional justice) has important impacts on work-related attitudes and behaviors, such as organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). In this article, we explore the extent to which individualism moderates the relationship between organizational justice and OCB (organizational obedience, participation, and loyalty) among citizens in Kyrgyzstan. We make additional contributions to the literature because we know very little about these constructs in this former Soviet Union country, Kyrgyzstan, an under-researched and under-represented region of the world. Results of our data collected from 402 managers and employees in Kyrgyzstan offer the following new discoveries. All three justice constructs are related to OCB. Individualism moderates only the distributive and interactive justice to OCB relationships. We develop an intricate theory with provocative implications: Procedural justice produces obedience. For “individualists,” interactional justice inspires loyalty and, interestingly, distributive justice “can only buy” participation, but “can’t buy” loyalty. Therefore, for individualists, interactional justice outweighs distributive justice for organizational loyalty. Based on Kyrgyz citizens’ justice, OCB, and individualism, our theory reveals novel insights regarding culture, money attitude, and intrinsic motivation and provides critical and practical implications to the field of business ethics.
AtıfScopus37WoS29OpenAlex47İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ4Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, X-ray structure and DFT calculations of Ni(II)bis(3,4 dimethoxybenzoate)bis(nicotinamide) dihydrate
Kaya, Elif Çelenk; Kaya, Afşin Ahmet; Demircioǧlu, Zeynep; Büyükgüngör, Orhan
A single crystal of Ni(II)bis(3,4 dimethoxybenzoate)bis(nicotinamide) dihydrate, formulated as C30H34N4NiO12 (I), was characterized in the solid state by infra-red (IR), ultra-violet (UV) and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis at 296 K as mononuclear with a distorted octahedral stereochemistry. The complex consists of a six-coordinate Nickel atom in a distorted octahedral environment constructed from two N atoms and four O atoms and crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C 2/c with a=27.7680(16) Å, b=8.5748(3) Å, c=17.8018(9) Å, α=90°, β=108.154(4)°, γ=90°, Z=4. The molecular structure and geometry was also optimized using the B3LYP density functional theory method employing the 6-31G(d) basis set. The molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) analysis, nonlinear optical properties (NLO) and natural bond analysis (NBO), Mulliken population analyis, natural population analysis (NPA) and Fukui function analysis were also described.
AtıfScopus9WoS8OpenAlex11İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2018Scopus SJRQ2Hybrid global maximum power point tracking approach for photovoltaic power optimisers
Basoglu, Mustafa Engin; Çakir, Bekir
A new hybrid global maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT) method is introduced in this study by using an improved 0.8 VOC model-based algorithm containing a smart power scanning procedure which is based on the sign of a change of photovoltaic (PV) module power. By courtesy of this procedure, the global MPP is determined effectively and within a small scanning time interval. The effectiveness of the proposed global MPPT algorithm has been validated by experimental studies. One of the buck-boost converter types, a single-ended primary inductance converter was implemented in this context. Experimental results show that tracking efficiency in the proposed algorithm is very satisfactory since blind scanning is prevented. Furthermore, it is presented in the experimental results that tracking efficiency is bigger in the proposed shading detection approach by up to 11.29% than the other technique which monitors voltage and current variations. In addition, there are no high software and hardware burdens which make this MPPT algorithm applicable especially in the smart alternating current module, module-integrated converters, PV power optimisers, and module level distributed MPPT applications.
AtıfScopus39WoS32OpenAlex41İncele - Kitap BölümüAçık Erişim2016The effects of an accounting information system on the institutionalisation level of enterprises
Cam, Handan; Tosunoglu, Busra
An accounting information system (AIS) is a system of collecting, storing, and processing financial and accounting data that is used by decision makers. An accounting information system is generally a computer-based method for tracking accounting activity in conjunction with information technology resources. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of an accounting information system on the institutionalisation level of enterprises. In this regard, a model has been developed and tested. Five hypotheses were constituted to test the model and a questionnaire was conducted to 150 firms that are operating in small and medium sized enterprises in Trabzon. The structural equation model was used to test the hypotheses. According to findings of the analysis it may be seen that an interdepartmental information system, compliance with an accounting information system, and an accounting information system activity have an effect on the institutionalisation level of enterprises.
AtıfScopus1OpenAlex1İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2018Scopus SJRQ2The effect of apple cider vinegar and mushroom stalk supplementation on laying hens
Karaalp, Musa; Aksakal, Vecihi; Sarikaya, Sevim Beyza Ozturk; Urusan, Hilal; Bayram, Bahri; Zulkadir, Ayhan
The aim of this trial was to study the effects of consuming water with apple cider vinegar (ACV) and feed including mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) stalk (MS) on performance and certain egg characteristics. The hens were separated into four treatment groups (with 4 replicates and 6 hens per replicate). The experimental groups were control (not consumed ACV and MS), ACV (3 ml/l drinking water), MS (20 g/kg feed) and ACV+MS (combination). At the end of the experiment, among the performance criteria tested, body weight, feed intake, egg production and weight of eggs, and feed efficiency were not affected by the treatments (P>0.05). Treatments had no effect on physical external and internal egg characteristics. The amount of yolk malondialdehyde of the ACV and MS groups was lower than the control group (P<0.05) in stored eggs (28 d) (P<0.05).
AtıfScopus6WoS4OpenAlex7İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2019Evaluation of Maximum Aerobıc Power, Shoot Speed and 20-m Sprint Power of Football Players at Pre-Season and Mid-Season
Zambak, Ömer
Aim of the study to investigate differences on max. Aerobic performance, shoot speed, 20m. Sprint power of footballers between pre-season and mid-season during 2015-2016 1st ameteur leaque season. Twenty one amateur footballers with a mean age of 22.23 ± 2.22 years, height of 177.62 ± 0.41, weight of 79.52 ± 3.50, taken into experimental group. Participants put forward their maximum performance with shoot velocity (instep kicking technique) recorded with shot speed measurement pocket radar (Pocket Radar Classic PR1000), 20m sprint, Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test at pre-season and mid-season. Measurements were applied to the participants at 1st amateur league pre-season and mid-season 2015-2016. All statistical procedures were performed in SPSS 19.0 package program with Paired-T test. Result of paired-T test, ean, Standard e iation x ± ss) and Descriptive Statistical values of the variables were determined. In conclusion, Analysis revealed that there is no statistically significant differences found between 1st test of pre-season and 2nd test of mid-season shoot speed, aereobic capacity, 20m sprint capacity tests of footballers (p>0.05). According to the result, gained of the investigation, it was clearly seen that training programme applied to the footballers did not help to make any differences about the performances of footballers.
AtıfScopus2OpenAlex1İncele - MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2019Scopus SJRQ2FCC-hh: The Hadron Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 3
Abada, A.; Abbrescia, M.; AbdusSalam, S.S.; Abdyukhanov, I.; Abelleira Fernandez, J.; Abramov, A.; Aburaia, M.; Acar, A.O.; Adzic, P.R.; Agrawal, P.
In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (EPPSU), the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched as a world-wide international collaboration hosted by CERN. The FCC study covered an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), the corresponding 100 km tunnel infrastructure, as well as the physics opportunities of these two colliders, and a high-energy LHC, based on FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the third volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the hadron collider FCC-hh. It summarizes the FCC-hh physics discovery opportunities, presents the FCC-hh accelerator design, performance reach, and staged operation plan, discusses the underlying technologies, the civil engineering and technical infrastructure, and also sketches a possible implementation. Combining ingredients from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the high-luminosity LHC upgrade and adding novel technologies and approaches, the FCC-hh design aims at significantly extending the energy frontier to 100 TeV. Its unprecedented centre of-mass collision energy will make the FCC-hh a unique instrument to explore physics beyond the Standard Model, offering great direct sensitivity to new physics and discoveries.
AtıfScopus704OpenAlex640İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2018Scopus SJRQ4Petrography, mineral chemistry and crystallization conditions of cenozoic plutonic rocks located to the north of Bayburt (Eastern Pontides, Turkey)
Kaygusuz, Abdullah; Yücel, Cem; Arslan, Mehmet; Sipahi, Ferkan; Temizel, Irfan; Çakmak, Gökhan; Güloglu, Z. Samet
The Eastern Pontides comprise many intrusive bodies varying in composition, size and age from Palaeozoic to Cenozoic. Especially Cenozoic aged bodies are commonly observed in the southern part, while they are rarely exposed in the northern part of the Eastern Pontides. In this study, the petrography and mineral chemistry of the Cenozoic aged Çiçekli, Somarova, Sorkunlu, Şaşurluk, Aydintepe, Kemerlikdagi and Pelitli plutons located to the north of Bayburt are determined, and the crystallisation conditions of the studied bodies were estimated by means of thermobarometer calculations. The studied plutons extend mostly in NE-SW directions and are approximately ellipsoid in shape. The contacts between the plutons and surrounding rocks are sharp, and plutons commonly contain mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) of different sizes. Petrographic and mineral chemistry studies reveal some disequilibrium textures reflecting the magma mixing process. Based on modal mineralogy, the plutonic rocks are gabbroic diorite, diorite, tonalite, granodiorite and monzogranite in composition. The rocks have fine to medium granular, porphyric, monzonitic, poikilitic, occasionally myrmekitic and micrographic textures. The main minerals are labradorite and albite (An68-02), magnesiohornblende and actinolite (Mg# = 0.6-0.9), diopside and augite (Wo44-46), clinoenstatite (En53-57) and Fe-Ti oxide minerals. Crystallization temperatures calculated from amphibole, biotite, clinopyroxene, magnetite and ilmenite minerals are 405°C to 1161°C, pressure values are 0.1 to 2.7 kbar, and oxygen fugacity (log10 fO2) is -20 to -12. Estimation of water content calculated by using amphiboles is between 2.9 and 6.8%. Based on obtained data, it is suggested that the studied plutons were emplaced at shallow depths (∼ 1-8 km).
AtıfScopus16WoS12OpenAlex9TR Dizin5İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2017Scopus SJRQ3Pasting properties of buckwheat, rice and maize flours and textural properties of their gels: Effect of ascorbic acid concentration
Yildiz, Ö.; Toker, O.S.; Yüksel, F.; Cavus, M.; Ceylan, M.M.; Yurt, B.
In the present study, the effect of ascorbic acid addition on the pasting properties of several gluten-free flours, namely buckwheat, maize and rice flours, and textural properties of their gels were also investigated. Pasting curves of control flour and 10 mg/kg ascorbic acid-including flour were found to be very similar to each other. However, higher levels of ascorbic acid significantly influenced the magnitude of all pasting parameters such as peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity, peak time and pasting temperature. Regarding textural properties specifying machinability of the doughs, ascorbic acid addition also generally influenced textural characteristics such as hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness and resilience parameters of the samples. According to the results, the ascorbic acid level to be used with the gluten-free flour should be adjusted carefully with regard to pasting and textural parameters. Ascorbic acid addition level directly affected the quality of the end products, determining consumer preference.
AtıfScopus7WoS4OpenAlex5İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2018Scopus SJRQ1Cytotoxic effect of Rosa canina extract on human colon cancer cells through repression of telomerase expression
Turan, Ibrahim; Demir, Selim; Kilinc, Kagan; Yaman, Serap Ozer; Misir, Sema; Kara, Hanife; Genc, Berna; Mentese, Ahmet; Aliyazicioglu, Yuksel; Deger, Orhan
Rosa canina is a member of the genus Rosa that has long been used for medical objectives. Several studies have reported cytotoxic effects of different Rosa species, but there has been only limited investigation of the cytotoxic effect of R. canina. The purpose of the current study was to examine the potential effect of R. canina extract on cell viability, the cell cycle, apoptosis, and the expression of telomerase in human colon cancer (WiDr) cells. The cytotoxic effect of the extract was determined using MTT assay. The mechanism involved in the cytotoxic effect of the extract was then evaluated in terms of apoptosis and the cell cycle using flow cytometry. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was investigated using the fluorometric method, and expression levels of telomerase were studied using RT-PCR. R. canina extract exhibited a selective cytotoxic effect on WiDr cells compared with normal colon cells. The extract induced cell cycle arrest at the S phase and apoptosis via reduced MMP in WiDr cells. R. canina extract significantly repressed telomerase expressions at treatment times of 48 and 72 h in WiDr cells. Our results suggest that R. canina may have considerable potential for development as a novel natural product-based anticancer agent.
AtıfScopus56WoS45OpenAlex59İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2019Scopus SJRQ2Assessment of Heavy Metal Contents of Mulberry Samples (Fruit, Leaf, Soil) Grown in Gumushane Province; [Beurteilung des Schwermetallgehaltes bei Maulbeeren (Frucht, Blatt, Boden) aus der Region Gumushane]
Kalkisim, Ozgun; Ozdes, Duygu; Baltaci, Cemalettin; Duran, Celal
The present study aims to identify the heavy metal contents of white mulberry (Morus alba L.) and black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) that are grown in the city center of Gumushane province and its neighboring counties. Heavy metal analyzes were performed in the fruits, leaves and soils of the plants. The control samples, on the other hand, were collected from the mulberry trees located 3 km away from the highway where the vehicle traffic and industrial activities are at their lowest. Sample collection was performed twice a year, namely during the ripening period and fully ripening period of the fruits. The analyses of the heavy metals were performed by using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrophotometry (ICP-MS). The obtained results were compared with the acceptable limits of heavy metal for humans as established by the World Health Organization (WHO), Turkish Food Codex (TFC) and the literature and an opinion was submitted as to whether they present any risk in terms of human health. When the available data is evaluated, the mulberries grown in Gumushane province, were found to have presented a health risk in terms of Pb, Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn and Co metals.
AtıfScopus10WoS9OpenAlex13İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2017Scopus SJRQ3Investigation of the effects of some modification process to the mechanical performance and deformation of the woodwork
Onduran, Aytekin; Yasar, S. Sadiye; Altunok, Mustafa
In this study, wood modification (thermo-processing and impregnation) and outdoor conditions of storage (natural aging) the effects on the mechanical performance of industrial woodwork was investigated. For this purpose, naturally grown in Turkey and the commercial value of high Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill) wood was used. Experimental examples are specifically woodwork has been applied in actual size. Considering the previously conducted research literature only diagonal L-type samples used, not on the actual size samples of woodwork. In addition, there is no study that the combination of the heat-treatment and impregnation. This reveals the original values of this study. For preparing of samples is used the double tenon-mortise corner joint from constructions method and as glue polyurethane based Desmodur VTKA and Polyvinyl acetate based two-component D4. Diagonal woodwork test samples prepared by Thermo S class (185°C temperature with a thermo-vapor process protections) applying. After application of the heat treatment, the test samples impregnated with a solution of 95 % natural pine cone resin and %5 pine tannin by dip method (2 hours). Then, the untreated samples (control), only heat-treated samples and heat treatment + impregnated samples kept for 1 year with outdoor conditions (aging). At the end of the aging, the samples tested according to the principles stated in TS 2472 and TS 7251 EN 107 standard. As result, the performance of woodwork decreased after aging in untreated and heat treatment pieces, the other side after aging - heat treatment, impregnation materials increased the values. The deformation value of woodwork increased after aging most untreated materials, Heat treatment and heat treatment-impregnated reduced aging effectiveness.
AtıfScopus3WoS3İncele - Kitap BölümüYalnız künye2017A focus group research
Aslan, Emre S.
AtıfOpenAlex7İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2018Scopus SJRQ3Investigation of the Effect of Recycled Asphalt Pavement Material on Permeability and Bearing Capacity in the Base Layer
Seferoǧlu, Ayşegül Güneş; Seferoǧlu, Mehmet Tevfik; Akpinar, Muhammet Vefa
The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) and cement content on the permeability and bearing capacity characteristics of aggregate base courses. Mixtures containing untreated RAP ranging between 0 and 100 percent and 1, 2, and 3% cement-treated RAP were subjected to laboratory tests (bitumen content, sieve analysis, modified proctor, soaked California bearing ratio (CBR), and constant-level permeability tests). The results showed that, as the RAP percentage in the mixture increased, CBR values decreased considerably. Moreover, there is a linear increase in the CBR values with cement treatment. Optimum moisture contents (OMC) and maximum dry densities (MDD) showed a decreasing trend. Increasing the cement percentages in 100% RAP blend increases the OMC and MDD values. The permeability of RAP showed a decrease as the percentage of RAP and cement increased in blends. The study showed that the CBR value of the 20% RAP blend is also obtained in the 100% RAP/3% cement-treated blend. Thus, it has been understood that cement is a suitable material in order to increase the use of RAP. In addition, the increase in the percentage of RAP and cement made the base course more impermeable.
AtıfScopus24WoS20OpenAlex32İncele
