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- MakaleYalnız künye2027Scopus SJRQ1Serial mediating role of belonging and state mindfulness in the relationship between clinical learning environment and caring behaviors in nursing students
Özalp, Cemal; Tuncer, Metin; Kaya, Abdulsamed; Şahin, Fatih
Aim: The study aimed to examine the relationship between clinical learning environment and caring behaviors in nursing students and to test the serial mediating roles of belonging and state mindfulness in this relationship. Background: The psychosocial mechanisms linking the clinical learning environment to caring behaviors remain unclear, particularly the combined roles of belonging and state mindfulness. Design: The study had a cross-sectional design and was conducted in line with the STROBE guidelines. Methods: The sample consisted of 452 undergraduate nursing students studying at a state university in Turkiye. The data were collected between December 2025 and January 2026 using the Personal Information Form, Clinical Learning Environment Scale, Nursing Department Belonging Scale, State Mindfulness Scale, and Caring Behaviors Inventory. Results: The clinical learning environment was found to be positively correlated with sense of belonging (B = 0.412, p < .001). Sense of belonging significantly predicted both State Mindfulness (B = 0.607, p < .001) and caring behaviors (B = 0.857, p < .001). State mindfulness is also a significant predictor of caring behaviors (B = 0.734, p < .001). Indirect effects analyses indicated that the clinical learning environment was associated with caring behaviors through sense of belonging and through the sequential pathway involving both sense of belonging and state mindfulness. However, the direct effect of the clinical learning environment on caring behaviors was not significant. Additionally, the indirect effect of the clinical learning environment on caring behaviors through state mindfulness alone was not significant. Conclusions: The results of the study showed that the clinical learning environment is associated with nursing students' caring behaviors indirectly through sense of belonging and state mindfulness, rather than directly.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1The mediating effect of self-compassion and cognitive emotion regulation on the relationship between tolerance and social appearance anxiety in adolescents
Bingöl, Orhan; Çelebi, Gülin Yazıcı; Kaya, Feridun
The aim of this study is to examine the effect of tolerance on social appearance anxiety and to test the roles of emotion regulation and self-compassion as mediating psychological mechanisms in this relationship. The sample of the study consists of 647 adolescent individuals living in Turkey. The Personal Information Form, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Tolerance Scale, Self-Compassion Scale – Short Form, and Social Appearance Anxiety Scale were used in the study. Data were collected online using convenience sampling methods. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the relationships between the variables in the study, while regression-based mediation analysis (Process macro model 81) was used to test the mediation model examined in the study. Upon examining the findings, tolerance was positively correlated with self-compassion (r =.323, p <.001) and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation (r =.200, p <.001); while tolerance was negatively and statistically significantly related to maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation (r = -.250, p <.001) and social appearance anxiety (r = -.229, p <.001). Additionally, a positive correlation was found between self-compassion and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation (r =.358, p <.001); and negative and statistically significant relationships between self-compassion and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation (r = -.576, p <.001) and social appearance anxiety (r = -.530, p <.001). Finally, a statistically significant negative relationship was found between social appearance anxiety and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation (r = -.219, p <.001); and a statistically significant positive relationship was found between social appearance anxiety and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation (r =.484, p <.001). The mediation analysis, tested with 10,000 bootstrap samples at a 95% confidence interval, revealed that emotion regulation dimensions and self-compassion have a full mediating effect. The findings indicate that the tolerance factor reduces social appearance anxiety not only directly but also indirectly through emotion regulation and self-compassion. In line with these findings, it was concluded that individuals with high tolerance levels need to be supported not only through mindfulness programs but also through emotion regulation and self-compassion levels.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ1The role of cognitive flexibility and psychological well-being in the effect of mindfulness on problematic internet use
Yazıcı Çelebi, Gülin; Güngör, Sunay; Kaya, Feridun
With the widespread use of digital technologies today, the Internet has become an indispensable part of life but has also led to negative outcomes such as problematic internet use in some individuals. Problematic internet use is seen as a critical risk factor that negatively impacts individuals’ academic, social, and psychological functioning. Research has presented a lot of evidence in recent years that psychological resources, such as mindfulness, cognitive flexibility, and psychological well-being, play a noteworthy role in protecting individuals against such risky behaviors. This study aimed to examine the chain (serial) mediation roles of cognitive flexibility and psychological well-being in the effect of individuals’ mindfulness on problematic internet use. The majority of the participants in this study, using a cross-sectional, correlational design, were female (73.1%), their socio-economic level was moderate (70.4%), and their mothers (69.6%) and fathers (52.3%) had secondary school education. It was found that the majority of the participants used the Internet for 2–4 h a day (44.2%). Participant age ranged between 18 and 26 (Mean = 19.16, SD = 1.52). Data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Mindfulness Scale, the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, the Psychological Well-Being Scale, and the Problematic Internet Usage Scale. When the research findings were examined, it was found that mindfulness had a positive significant relationship with cognitive flexibility and psychological well-being. Negative significant relationships were observed between problematic internet use and mindfulness, cognitive flexibility, and psychological well-being. When the mediation analyses of the study were examined, it was determined that both cognitive flexibility and psychological well-being had mediation roles in the relationship between mindfulness and problematic internet use. In addition, it was revealed that cognitive flexibility and psychological well-being had a chain (serial) mediation role in the relationship between mindfulness and problematic internet use. It was determined that as the mindfulness levels of individuals increased, their cognitive flexibility and psychological well-being levels increased, too. On the other hand, it was observed that having high levels of mindfulness, cognitive flexibility, and psychological well-being decreased problematic internet use levels. In addition to these results, it was found that the relationship between mindfulness and problematic internet use was mediated by cognitive flexibility and psychological well-being. The findings obtained from the research were discussed in light of the literature, and various suggestions were made.
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