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- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Scopus SJRQ1Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the VARK learning style inventory for athletes
Türker, Üstün; Somoğlu, Mustafa Barış; Koç, Mustafa; Bostancı, Özgür
Background: Understanding how athletes learn and recognizing their learning preferences are important cognitive and sensory components that may support effective instructional planning in sport settings. This study aimed to adapt the VARK Learning Style Inventory for Athletes (Visual, Aural, Read/Write, and Kinesthetic modalities) into Turkish and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods: A total of 854 licensed athletes from individual and team sports in Türkiye participated in the study. The Turkish version of the VARK Learning Style Inventory for Athletes was administered using a paper-based format. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics (v26) and LISREL (v8.80). Construct validity was examined using a Multitrait–Multimethod Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MTMM-CFA) approach with a correlated trait–correlated uniqueness (CTCU) specification, while reliability was assessed using internal consistency and test–retest procedures. Results: The MTMM-CFA supported the four-factor structure of the inventory, indicating an acceptable model fit and strong associations among the learning style dimensions, consistent with a multimodal learning preference profile. Internal consistency analyses yielded Kuder–Richardson 20 (KR-20) coefficients ranging from 0.574 to 0.623 across subscales, reflecting moderate reliability. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the Turkish version of the VARK Learning Style Inventory for Athletes demonstrates acceptable psychometric properties, with evidence of construct validity and moderate internal consistency. While the results support its use for assessing learning preferences among Turkish athletes, further research across different sport disciplines and age groups is recommended to strengthen there liability evidence and practical applicability. Overall, the study contributes to measurement practices in sport and exercise sciences by providing a culturally adapted instrument for examining athletes’ learning preferences.
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İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2026Scopus SJRQ1Development and psychometric evaluation of the healthy internet use scale for adolescents
Özparlak, Arif; Gül, Uğur; Karakaya, Dudu; Efe, Emine
Objective The aim of this study was to develop the Healthy Internet Use Scale for Adolescents (HIUS-A) and examine its psychometric properties in order to evaluate healthy internet use (HIU) among adolescents. Methods The study was conducted according to a methodological, correlational and cross-sectional design. Data was collected between September and December 2025 at three middle schools and three high schools in the province of Antalya, Türkiye. The study used a stratified sampling method, and it was completed with 516 adolescents. The scale's content validity was examined through expert evaluation, and its construct validity was tested through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The reliability of the scale was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, split-half reliability, and item-total correlations. Results The analyses revealed that HIUS-A exhibited a two-factor structure explaining 49.1% of the total variance. These factors were named “self-control” and “conscious use”. Confirmatory factor analysis findings revealed that the model showed a good level of fit (χ2/sd = 1.450; RMSEA = 0.042; SRMR = 0.039; CFI = 0.981). The internal consistency coefficient was calculated as 0.864 for the total scale, 0.855 for the “self-control” subscale, and 0.711 for the “conscious use” subscale. Conclusion HIUS-A is a valid and reliable ten-item assessment tool for evaluating healthy internet use in adolescents. Implications for practice The scale may be used by nurses and other healthcare professionals to determine HIU levels in adolescents and to evaluate the effectiveness of intervention studies relating to HIU.
- MakaleYalnız künye2025Scopus SJRQ4Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Form of the Will-to-Live Scale in Older Adults
Kütük, B.
Abstract: The Will-to-Live (WTL) scale measures desire for life and life commitment across populations. However, psychometric evidence for a Turkish older adult WTL screening model is lacking. In this study, the WTL was first translated into Turkish using established procedures, followed by the collection of psychometric information on the Turkish form (WTL-T). Included in the study were community-dwelling older adults (aged 65–85 years) who could be considered representative of the older adult Turkish population, who were asked to complete the WTL scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale, the Geriatric Depression Scale, the Brief Resilient Coping Scale, as well as a single-item WTL and self-rated health. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated an acceptable model fit of the WTL-T, yielding a single-factor model that explained 66.45% of the variance. Furthermore, the WTL-T was found to have high internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.865) and convergent validity was demonstrated by the strong positive correlations identified through the single-item WTL question (r = 0.810, p < 0.001). The moderate to high correlations of the scale with theoretically related measures supported its concurrent validity (r = –0.299 to 0.742, all p’s < 0.01). The evidence presented in the present study identifies the WTL-T as a concise, appropriate and psychometrically sound instrument for the assessment of WTL in older adults living in Turkey.