Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
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- Derleme MakaleAçık Erişim2025Scopus SJRQ2Microplastics in Dairy Products: Occurrence, Characterization, Contamination Sources, Detection Methods, and Future Challenges
Gürmeriç, Hüseyin Ender; Basaran, Burhan
In this study, data from 17 studies reporting the presence of microplastics in milk and dairy products in the literature were examined with a product-based systematic approach. In addition, geographical comparisons were made between different countries. In milk and dairy products, the concentration of microplastics has been reported to exhibit a broad range, extending from non-detectable levels to as high as 10,040 MPs per kilogram, contingent upon the specific product types. Milk powder (especially baby milk powder) stands out as the riskiest product group in terms of microplastic content. Although the sizes and colors of the detected microplastics vary significantly, the fiber form is generally predominant. While polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide and polyester are among the polymers frequently detected, high-temperature-resistant industrial polymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polysulfone, polyurethane were also encountered. In addition, the presence of some polymers (such polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane) that are toxicologically risky for human health was reported in the studies. In addition, the study evaluated the chemical, enzymatic and physical methods used for the separation and identification of MPs; the advantages and limitations of FT-IR, Raman and other analysis techniques were revealed. This study reveals that MP contamination in milk and dairy products is a multidimensional problem. The findings show that milk and dairy products are highly susceptible to plastic contamination at every stage of production.
AtıfScopus13WoS13OpenAlex11
İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2015Scopus SJRQ1Dynamic responses of industrial reinforced concrete chimneys strengthened with fiber-reinforced polymers
Karaca, Zeki; Türkeli, Erdem; Günaydin, Murat; Adanur, Süleyman
Industrial reinforced concrete (RC) chimneys are tall and slender structures that need repair and strengthening in their service lives. Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) are continuously becoming a popular material that is used for strengthening purposes of RC structures. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of FRP strengthening on dynamic responses of industrial RC chimneys. A 75-m-high industrial RC chimney with an opening on the body was selected for FRP strengthening. First, three-dimensional finite element model of the chimney and its modal analyses were performed in ANSYS software. Then, linear transient analyses of the chimney were carried out by using 1992 Erzincan Earthquake ground motion record. After that, body of chimney was strengthened with FRP composite, and dynamic analyses were performed. Finally, dynamic responses of chimney before and after FRP strengthening, such as displacements and maximum-minimum principal stresses, were compared. At the end of the study, it was seen that displacements increased along the height of the chimney, maximum and minimum principal stresses occurred at the region of opening and base for all analysis, respectively. Also, it was seen from this study that FRP strengthening is effective on the dynamic response of industrial RC chimneys.
AtıfScopus10WoS9OpenAlex13İncele