Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yazarlar
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026A Land Use Analysis of Coastal Reclamation Areas in Ortahisar District, Trabzon (2000-2024)
Üzülmez, Mehmet
This study evaluates land use patterns in reclaimed coastal areas of Ortahisar district, Trabzon, from 2000 to 2024. It examines the role, functions, and environmental and structural impacts of reclamation in urban development. In mountainous cities like Trabzon, with limited flat land, sea filling is a key urban expansion strategy. The research combines literature review, satellite image analysis, and GIS mapping (ArcGIS), supported by climate, population, and topographic data from official sources. The study analyses reclaimed zones including Akyaz & imath;, Be & scedil;irli, Ganita, and De & gbreve;irmendere. InAkyaz & imath;, 39 hectares serve the & Scedil;enol G & uuml;ne & scedil;Sports Complex, and 29 hectares serve the city hospital ,which is currently under construction, alongside a mosque, fishermen's shelter, and parking. Ganita includes 17 hectares of parks and recreation and 9 hectares for transport infrastructure, reflecting a public-use planning approach. De & gbreve;irmendere hosts parks, fishermen's shelters, roads, a port, and breakwaters, with about 28 hectares unused. These areas address population growth and land scarcity, creating new urban spaces but posing environmental and engineering risks. International studies highlight issues such as ground settlement, structural instability, flood and storm vulnerability, and marine ecosystem damage in reclaimed lands. While valuable for infrastructure and public services, reclamation should be managed beyond spatial growth. The study stresses how multifunctional, public-focused, strategic planning shaped these areas. However, comprehensive interdisciplinary approaches are needed for ground safety, sustainability, and ecosystem protection. Future planning must mandate geotechnical surveys and environmental impact assessments. Reclamation should align with natural processes, not just physical expansion. Public participation and integrating local needs are crucial. Transport and access plans should balance coastal access and sustainability. Ortahisar's reclamations offer short-term urban solutions, but long-term risk reduction requires integrated sustainable planning.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Optimizing Land Image Classification: A Deep Learning Approach with ResNet-101 on the EuroSAT Dataset
Celik, Fatih; Celik, Kemal
The classification of image is essential to make LULC (Land Use Land Cover) maps. However, the classification of land cover plays a vital role for studying and modernizing the land areas. Recently, deep learning (DL) techniques have achieved outstanding performance in the classification of high-resolution images. Different techniques have been employed in traditional methods to identify LULC due to its complex and ever-changing nature. However, these studies have shown improved outcomes despite some restrictions such as inaccuracies and reduced performance. To address these problems, the proposed study introduces a Squeeze Synchronization Layer (SSL) and a Convolve Craft Focus Module (CCFM) where, SSL reduces input data complexity by removing noise and irrelevant information from images using pooling and convolutional operations also, CCFM enhances feature extraction to improve land classification accuracy. The EUROSAT land image dataset is utilized for the evaluation of the introduced model. Whereas, the dataset comprises of 64x64 images, which are captured by satellite Sentinel-2A in ResNet 101 input layer. Although, a SSL is suggested, and a CCFM is implemented in the convolutional layer for classifying land images. However, the efficiency of the system is evaluated by measuring performance metrics such as recall, F1score, precision, and accuracy values of the proposed system. The accuracy value of the proposed system is 96% of accuracy, 100% of precision, 100% of recall, and 100% of F1-score, signifies the superior efficiency of the proposed model.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Lightweight Transformer Model for Agricultural Land Use and Land Cover Classification
Celik, Kemal
Observing agricultural land use via remote sensing images is essential for ensuring food security, estimating yields and planning efficient exports nonetheless precise classification continues to be difficult because of the varied and evolving characteristics of agricultural environments. This research aims to evaluate and optimize advanced deep learning architectures particularly Vision Transformer (ViT) models for agricultural land-use classification tasks. Specifically, we employed ViT-Base-16 and other lightweight models DeiT-Tiny and EfficientNet-B0 applying techniques such as model layer compression and advanced data augmentation CutMix and Cutout to achieve high accuracy while significantly reducing computational complexity. Evaluation was performed using three benchmark remote sensing datasets EuroSAT, NWPU-RESISC45 and SIRI-WHU which include diverse spatial resolutions and agricultural classes relevant for practical monitoring. Findings indicate that the optimized ViT algorithm is highly effective in recognizing global spatial connections, consistently achieving remarkable classification accuracy exceeding 99% on a newly assembled dataset containing around 200 samples of Google Earth imagery. Furthermore, for the first time in agricultural image classification compressing the ViT-Base model by pruning 50% of its layers significantly reduced complexity maintaining competitive accuracy 97.9% on SIRI-WHU. The resulting models are particularly suitable for deployment on devices with limited computational resources supporting real-world operational agricultural monitoring systems. This study emphasizes the revolutionary possibilities and practical use of optimized transformer-based models that offer scalable and efficient solutions specifically designed for precision agriculture applications.
- MakaleYalnız künye2021DETERMINATION OF THE HONEY PRODUCTION AREAS WITHIN LAND USE TYPES: A CASE STUDY TERCAN, TURKEY
Cakir, Gunay
Forestry makes decisions based on one of the tactical planning applications for decades' years. Especially forested areas and rangeland provide very wide support to the world in terms of fresh air and food. In particular, World areas provide a wide range of support for living things in terms of naturalness and nutrition. Honey is not only a source of healing for humans but also the richness of the natural. Honey producing activities (beekeeping) was generally done in the open areas in and around the forest or rangeland. This study was carried out in Tercan Forest Planning Unit (FPU) in 2013 to determine the areas of beekeeping with the help of high-resolution aerial photographs. Placed hive areas for honey production had been identified in Tercan FPU. The distances of honey production areas and other areas to land use types were determined in GIS environment. Of these 95 beehive areas had found in Tercan Forest Planning Units. These hive areas were produced to buffer zone map that is respectively 0-500 m, 501-1000 m, 1001-1500 m and 1501-2000 m. Analysis to the distance of the hive areas with land use maps has been determined in GIS environment. The estimated amount of honey production has been tried to be rubbed over honey hive numbers. The location of honey casings is generally found in the land use classes, which are close to freshwater.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2021Temporal monitoring of land use/land cover change in Kahramanmaraş city center
Aliyazicioglu, Kubra; Beker, Fatmanur; Topaloglu, Raziye Hale; Bilgilioglu, Burhan Baha; Comert, Resul
Irregular urbanization causes problems such as decrease in fertile agricultural areas, irregular industrialization and urbanization. To provide a healthier life opportunity for future generations without disturbing nature, it is essential to determine the temporal changes in land use and to make land management plans accordingly. In this study, land use/land cover (LULC) change occurred in Kahramanmaras province within 30 years was investigated by remote sensing and integration of Geographic Information Systems. Landsat satellite images of 1988-1998-2008-2018 were obtained for the production of LULC maps. Each image was classified according to supervised classification approach using the support vector machines (SVMs) algorithms. The confusion matrix was created for each year to examine the accuracy of the LULC maps. The overall accuracy of the thematic maps was obtained as 91.76%, 93.56%, 86.89% and 88.29%, respectively. Also, Kappa values of thematic maps for each year were obtained as 0.88, 0.91, 0.81 and 0.84, respectively. When the results were examined, the development of industry in the city area and the construction of the airport contributed to the development of the social and economic structure of the city. The increase in the number of housing in the related regions has led to an increase in the amount of urban areas and a decrease in agricultural areas.
- Yüksek Lisans TeziAçık Erişim2015Kürtün orman işletme şefliğinin zamansal değişiminin sosyo-ekonomik açıdan incelenmesi
Derya Narin
Doğal kaynakların zamansal değişimlerinin incelenmesi gelecek yıllardaki planlamalara destek sağlar. Karar verme mekanizmasında plan yapıcıların ormanlardaki değişimin nedenlerini bilmeleri önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Trabzon Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü, Torul Orman İşletme Müdürlüğüne bağlı Kürtün Orman İşletme Şefliğinin 1987 ve 2006 yıllarına ait orman amenajman planlarından yararlanılarak; gelişim çağı, kapalılık ve arazi kullanım sınıflarının zamansal değişimleri incelenmiştir. Çalışma alanı içeresinde 2004 yılında faaliyete geçen Kürtün Barajı bulunmaktadır. Barajının ormanlar üzerindeki etkileri tespit edilmiştir. Barajın yörede yaşayan insanlar üzerindeki sosyo-ekonomik etkileri, orman amenajman planlarındaki değişimleriyle birlikte araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca sosyo ekonomik değişimin; nüfus, iklim, tarım, hayvancılık açısından da ilişkilendirilip ormanlara olan etkisi belirlenmiştir. Ormanlara olan talep ve beklentileri belirleyerek bunları karşılayabilecek öneriler verilmiştir. Kürtün Orman İşletme Şefliğinin toplam alanı 15525.9 hektardır. 1987 amenajman planları verilerine göre % 32.0'ı verimli orman, % 19.6'sı bozuk orman, % 33.2'si mera alanı, % 2.1'i iskan alanı ve %10.0'ı ziraat alanıdır. 2006 yılında şeflik sınırlarında bir değişiklik olmamıştır. Arazi kullanım sınıflarında ise 2006 yılına ait amenajman plan verilerine göre arazi kullanım sınıflarının dağılımına bakıldığında ise, % 32.2'si verimli orman, %16.7'si bozuk orman, % 36.3'ü ise orman toprağı, % 0.4 iskan alanı ve %13.5'i de ziraat alanı oluşmaktadır. Sonuç olarak; verimli orman alanlarında 33.9 hektar artış, bozuk orman alanlarında ise 447.5 ha azalma görülmektedir. Bu azalmanın nedenlerinden birisi Kürtün Barajından sonra 104.9 ha bozuk orman alanının su alanına dönüşmesidir. Mera kanunu ile meradan çıkartılan yerler büyük bir oranda orman toprağına ve ziraat alanına dönmüştür. Sosyo ve ekonomik açıdan olumlu gelişmeler yaşanmıştır. Kürtün Barajı içerisinde balık üretim çiftlikleri yanında baraj etrafında konaklama tesisleri ve yürüyüş yolları yapılmıştır. Balıkçılık da halkın geçim kaynaklarından biri haline gelmiştir.
