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- MakaleAçık Erişim2018USAK SUGAR FACTORY AS A SUCCESS OF PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Damlibag, Fatih
Nuri Seker founded Usak Sugar Factory in 1926. He targeted to produce Turkish sugar from beet. Thus, he wanted to easily ensure this need of Turkish people. He also planned to provide a regular source of income to poor peasants. He established a company and began to collect capital for the factory. Czechoslovak Skoda firm provide technology to the factory. After inauguration, Usak Sugar Factory met water supply and agricultural pest problem. Nuri Seker also had to teach newly sugar beet cultivation to peasants. In contrary to all difficulties, factory started its operations and sugar production was steadily increased. But Nuri Seker faced with financial difficulties, because experience years in sugar production increased factory's debts. As a result of these debts, government decided to liquidate the factory's company. Nationalization was practiced on 6 August 1931. During the liquidation process, rights of public partners became main argument point. Later, government decided to pay face values of public partners' shares. Eventually, links of private entrepreneurs were totally severed from Usak Sugar Factory.
- MakaleYalnız künye2016Saccharin as Substitute Goods in Ottoman State
Damlibag, Fatih
Constantin Fahlberg invented saccharin during the end of 1870's. Saccharin was a product that it has strong sweetening power. Potential to sugar substitute and support of German government were provided to enlarge its market rapidly. But due to its chemical origin, some medical concerns were shown towards this product. Some doctors thought that usage of saccharin caused health problems. Due to these medical concerns, many European governments banned or restricted the entrance of this product to their countries. Fahlberg thought that his product did not deserve these critiques. According to him, critiques were originated from shaken interests of sugar industry. Near to 1900's, saccharin also entered Ottoman market. Similarly, it was also criticized by Ottoman doctors. In front of this situation, approach of Ottoman State towards saccharin happened within three stages. In the first stage, Ottoman officials did not foresee a risky situation for the usage of saccharin as a substitute for sugar. Because saccharin is a chemical drug for diabetes disease and sugar prices were very convenient. As to second stage, critiques to saccharin were taken into account. High sugar prices of this period were caused some probable risks of food fraud according to officials. Additionally, medical studies of the period provided more information about probable risks of saccharin. As a result of this situation, Ottoman State applied quantitative restrictions in saccharin import. In addition, the product could be only brought by pharmacists. Third period of saccharin in Ottoman State happened within compelling conditions of World War I. After extreme increases in sugar prices; there was an excessive demand for illegal usage of saccharin, because sugar almost disappeared from market. In front of this situation, official permission was given to saccharin usage with some restrictions.
AtıfTR Dizin2İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2014The Licese Mine and Activities of Asia Minor Mining Company in the Licese
Saylan, Kemal
The Ottoman Empire, gave importance managing and running mines in its own territories from its foundation period. The Empire which took advantage of experience of the conquered regions improved mining industry to the competitive level with Europe in the 15th and 16th centuries. But the Empire was not able to keep pace with developments since 18th century and fell behind with the industry. It consequently took some steps to stimulate the sector. So that, many native's businessmen of Muslim and non-Muslim aspired that to mines in Licese, but they could not manage a stable. In this period, European companies applied for the Licese mine in the sanjak of Karahisar-i Sarki, as well as the other mines in Anatolia. The most important of these companies is British Asia Minor Mining Company. After Asia Minor Mining Company had purchased the mine in Licese, economy of region revived. Activities of company have changed patterns of work in the region. The inhabitants who previously engaged in farming began to receive a sallary as provision of effort. However, the activities of company in the region caused to security and political problems. In this work, we deal with the status the mines in Licese and the economic, social and political effects of the mining activities of Asia Minor Mining Company in the region.
AtıfWoS1İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2013Source Value of Foreign Travel Books in Terms of Ottoman City Histories
Yilmaz, Ozgur
During the writing an Ottoman city history, travelogues have an important place among other sources that could be consulted. These books, their authors whether local or foreign, contain valuable information worth checking out carefully in many ways. Though different discussion on travel books about their value of historical source exists, they reflect lively description of time and place, cultural structure of the period and make us possible to look at history from a different aspect. In this context, travelogues, as a source of Ottoman city histories, gained more importance in terms of Ottoman historiography. This paper aims to make, after a general review of the studies on travel accounts in Turkey, a few observations in terms of source value of travel books in city historiography.
AtıfWoS1İncele - DerlemeYalnız künye2013Near Eastern influences in Greek culture
Akrep, Mehmet Yunus
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