Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Measuring Türkiye's Fiscal Credibility and Transparency through Fiscal Balance and Debt Stock
Ibrahim, Al; Yildiz, Gizem Akbulut; Yildiz, Baris
Fiscal credibility and fiscal transparency affect many basic macroeconomic variables, especially economic growth, inflation and interest rates through expectations. Therefore, increasing credibility and transparency increase the effectiveness of fiscal policy by enabling better management of expectations. The aim of this study is to determine T & uuml;rkiye's fiscal credibility and transparency. For this purpose, T & uuml;rkiye's fiscal credibility and transparency were measured for the 2010-2023 period with the help of various indices, based on the International Monetary Fund's fiscal balance and debt stock expectations. According to the findings, it is possible to say that fiscal credibility decreased in T & uuml;rkiye, the absolute deviation between fiscal balance expectations and official targets increased, and fiscal transparency decreased, especially in the 2019-2022 period.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025The Impact of Militarisation on Environmental Degradation in the E7 Countries: Panel CS-ARDL Approach
Yildiz, Gizem Akbulut; Yildiz, Barış; Al, İbrahim; Kanca, Osman Cenk
This paper, within the framework of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), investigates the impact of militarisation on environmental degradation, including the role of renewable energy. Military expenditure and burden are used as proxies for militarisation, and models are estimated to quantify their relationship with carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions. The study utilizes the CS-ARDL approach to analyse data from Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Russia, and Turkey collectively known as the E7 nations from 1992 to 2022. The method employs both fixed-effect and random-effect models, taking into account short-run and long-run coefficients while accounting for cross-sectional dependencies and heterogeneities. The study puts forward four hypotheses for investigation, and a notable finding is that military expenditure, contradicting prevalent sustainability assumptions, has a substantial impact on the reduction of CO2 emissions over both short and long-run periods. This suggests that within the E7 context, militarisation may paradoxically function as a catalyst for environmental conservation rather than a detrimental impact. The findings further corroborate the inverted U-shaped EKC hypothesis by demonstrating that while economic growth initially increases emission levels, these levels begin to decline once a certain income threshold is reached. The study also underscores the long-run benefits of renewable energy in reducing CO2 emissions and advocates for investment in green energy projects, complemented by implementing viable environmental policies. These insights offer actionable guidance for policymakers seeking to harmonize economic development with environmental protection and sustainability objectives.
- Kitap BölümüYalnız künye2020The Impact of Export Promotion Programs on the Technological Intensity of Export Products: The Case of Turkey
Mete, Emrullah; Yildiz, Gizem Akbulut
- Kitap BölümüYalnız künye2019The effect of globalization on foreign trade: The case of BRICS countries
Yildiz, Gizem Akbulut; Tosun, Bengu
- Kitap BölümüYalnız künye2019The impact of export promotion programs on the technological intensity of export products: The case of Turkey
Mete, Emrullah; Yildiz, Gizem Akbulut
Introduction Exports of high-tech products have gained considerable importance along with globalization and increasing competition in the world economy. Countries have become increasingly in need of exports of high-tech products in order to be competitive and to increase their market shares as well as to protect their current status in markets. In order to overcome the squeeze experienced in world trade, companies and countries increased their research and development expenses to innovate. This process, which manifests itself in producing the current product at a lower cost and/or creating a new product, changed the shares of countries in world trade and hence has become an important part of foreign trade. There is a significant number of studies in the empirical literature indicating that research and development expenses improve innovation which eventually lead to increase in the share of high-tech products in total exports of countries. Since the high-tech product means high value added product at the same time, the increase in exports of high-tech products will also facilitate the economic growth. Thus, it is also important nowadays that countries take the issue of the technology concentration into account and apply it in the scope of their export support programs. It should be taken into consideration by public authorities who design support policies for exporting that the aim of increasing export performance, competitiveness, and market share in foreign trade can be reached through exporting of high-tech products. This study investigates the impact of export….