Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2020Criticism of Kant's Conception of Freedom in Adorno
Tüzen, Muhammed Ahmet
Adorno, who has critical thoughts on the positivist perspective that is the core of the philosophy of Enlightenment and the mental comprehension to which positivism depends, states that Kant's notion of freedom, which puts strictly adhesion to the law in the center, is an abstract, disconnected from experience, compelling/oppressive nature. Accordingly, Kant, who activates the mind against the blind power of nature, explains the free action as to act according to the pure mind. In Kant, which approaches moral laws as freedom laws, freedom is considered as the law that both is to use of the mind in an absolute manner and must be obeyed and treated accordingly. In this context, Adorno implies that Kant's moral philosophy is structured in such a way as not to allow it to act otherwise, although it does not have authoritarian thoughts. This study which is based on Adorno's thoughts aims to evaluate Kant's understanding of freedom in four parts within the above-mentioned framework: (i) Freedom as a balancing force against the causality of nature, (ii) freedom disconnected from experience and spiritualized, (iii) freedom to express action by centering the law, (iv) freedom intertwined with bourgeois work ethic.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2019Hobbes and Construction of Modern Politics from the Perspective of Leo Strauss
Tüzen, Muhammed Ahmet
The modern political philosophy which emerged in reaction to classical political philosophy became apparent with the modernity led by Machiavelli according to Strauss. Hobbes who was inspired by Machiavelli's thought on classical political philosophy tried to apply mathematical methods to society and human beings by connecting modern natural sciences with political understanding. Contrary to Machiavelli, who cuts the relationship between natural law and politics, Hobbes rebuilt the notion of natural right. Instead of classical perception that puts duty in the center, Hobbes who counted the fear of violent death that is the most basic sensation of man as a starting point, adopted the rights-based political approach. The aim of this work that puts Strauss's interpretation into the center is to question the changes in political philosophy and problematize on which foundations Hobbes built the philosophy of modern politics. This theory of Hobbes, the so-called first philosophy of power, also pioneered the transition from a virtuous life conception to a comfort-oriented life design by separating morality from politics.