Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026YOLOv8 computer vision for automated offside detection in professional football validated through supervised learning
Abdel-Fattah, Abdul-Rahman; Belhaouari, Samir Brahim; Ceylan, Halil Ibrahim; Bayrakdaroglu, Serdar; Muntean, Raul Ioan; Dhahbi, Wissem; Dergaa, Ismail; Omri, Abdelfatteh El
Offside calls are integral to maintaining fairness and competitive integrity in football, yet current officiating processes are constrained by limitations in accuracy despite technological advancements. This investigation developed and validated an automated offside detection system using YOLOv8 object detection architecture to address documented limitations of Video Assistant Referee (VAR) systems in offside decision accuracy. Supervised learning validation employed 400 annotated instances from professional match footage. The YOLOv8 medium variant was configured for four-class detection, with a focus on extreme player positions, reducing computational complexity by approximately 70% relative to comprehensive player tracking while accepting accuracy trade-offs in marginal scenarios. The system was optimized for computational efficiency through highly accurate tracking of player positions. Data were partitioned into 40% (n = 160) for training and 60% (n = 240) for testing, with 5-fold cross-validation. The automated system achieved robust performance metrics across 240 test instances: overall accuracy of 83.0%, precision of 85.0%, recall of 87.0%, and F1-score of 86.0%. Confusion matrix analysis revealed true positives (n = 130), true negatives (n = 70), false positives (n = 22), and false negatives (n = 18). Individual case analysis demonstrated 80% agreement with ground truth classifications. System performance significantly exceeded the random classification baseline (p < 0.001). The strategic extreme player tracking approach achieved substantial computational efficiency while maintaining decision accuracy across diverse match scenarios. A YOLOv8-based offside detection system demonstrates proof-of-concept feasibility for decision-support applications in football officiating. Performance (83% accuracy, 95% CI: 79-87%) on 240 test instances remains below professional benchmarks (> 93%), with single-camera constraints and limited dataset size restricting generalizability to proof-of-concept validation rather than operational deployment.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Short-Term Inspiratory Muscle Training Enhances Functional and Metabolic Health in Older Adults
Konca, Erkan; Yilmaz, Coskun; Bayrakdaroglu, Serdar; Ceylan, Halil Ibrahim; Arslan, Ayla; Ocak, Hakan; Karakulak, Izzet; Sari, Rifat; Uzun, Recep Nur; Soylu, Hakan Huseyin
Background: Age-related declines in respiratory muscle strength and ventilatory efficiency can impair functional capacity and metabolic health in older adults. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been proposed as a practical intervention to counteract these changes, yet its systemic effects remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the effects of short-term IMT on functional capacity, diaphragm thickness, and liver tissue characteristics in healthy elderly men. Methods: Thirty community-dwelling men aged 60-80 years were randomly assigned to an IMT or control group. The IMT group performed four weeks of breathing exercises using a POWERbreathe (R) device at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure, with a weekly 10% increase in pressure. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included the six-minute walk test (6MWT), diaphragm thickness and liver density via computed tomography, and quality of life (QoL; SF-12). Results: Four weeks of inspiratory muscle training significantly improved diaphragm thickness (11.7%), fatty liver density (FLD) (+16.7%), and six-minute walk performance (+5.3%), with large time x group effects favoring the IMT group. While the physical quality of life showed modest, comparable improvements, mental health outcomes demonstrated a moderate, time-dependent improvement without a significant group-by-time interaction. Conclusions: Short-term IMT improved diaphragmatic function and functional capacity in older men and was associated with favorable changes in a liver-related biomarker; however, given that only a single liver-related metric was assessed, these findings should not be interpreted as evidence of overall improvements in liver health.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Concurrent Validity of the Optojump Infrared Photocell System in Lower Limb Peak Power Assessment: Comparative Analysis with the Wingate Anaerobic Test and Sprint Performance
Khemiri, Aymen; Negra, Yassine; Ceylan, Halil İbrahim; Hajri, Manel; Njah, Abdelmonom; Hachana, Younes; Yıldız, Mevlüt; Bayrakdaroğlu, Serdar; Muntean, Raul Ioan; Attia, Ahmed
Aim: This study analyzed the concurrent validity of the Optojump infrared photocell system for estimating lower limb peak power by comparing it with the 15 s Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) and examining relationships with sprint performance indicators. Methods: Twelve physically active university students (ten males, two females; age: 23.39 ± 1.47 years; body mass: 73.08 ± 9.19 kg; height: 173.67 ± 6.97 cm; BMI: 24.17 ± 1.48 kg·m−2) completed a cross-sectional validation protocol. Participants performed WAnT on a calibrated Monark ergometer (7.5% body weight for males, 5.5% for females), 30 s continuous jump tests using the Optojump system (Microgate, Italy), and 30 m sprint assessments with 10 m and 20 m split times. Peak power was expressed in absolute (W), relative (W·kg−1), and allometric (W·kg−0.67) terms. Results: Thirty-second continuous jump testing produced systematically higher peak power values across all metrics (p < 0.001). Mean differences indicated large effect sizes: relative power (Cohen’s d = 0.99; 18.263 ± 4.243 vs. 10.99 ± 1.58 W·kg−1), absolute power (d = 0.86; 1381.71 ± 393.44 vs. 807.28 ± 175.45 W), and allometric power (d = 0.79). Strong correlations emerged between protocols, with absolute power showing the strongest association (r = 0.842, p < 0.001). Linear regression analysis revealed that 30 s continuous jump-derived measurements explained 71% of the variance in Wingate outcomes (R2 = 0.710, p < 0.001). Sprint performance showed equivalent predictive capacity for both tests (Wingate: R2 = 0.66; 30 s continuous jump: R2 = 0.67). Conclusions: The Optojump infrared photocell system provides a valid and practical alternative to laboratory-based ergometry for assessing lower limb anaerobic power. While it systematically overestimates absolute values compared with the Wingate anaerobic test, its strong concurrent validity (r > 0.80), large effect sizes, and equivalent predictive ability for sprint performance (R2 = 0.66–0.71) confirm its reliability as a field-based assessment tool. These findings underscore the importance of sport-specific, weight-bearing assessment technologies in modern sports biomechanics, providing coaches, practitioners, and clinicians with a feasible method for monitoring performance, talent identification, and training optimization. The results further suggest that Optojump-based protocols can bridge the gap between laboratory precision and ecological validity, supporting both athletic performance enhancement and injury prevention strategies.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Casein Supplementation Timing and Exercise Performance in Soccer Players: Pre-Sleep vs. Post-Exercise Intake—A Randomized Controlled Trial
Bayrakdaroğlu, Serdar; Ateş, Zeynep Hazal; Ceylan, Halil İbrahim; Kul, Murat; Muntean, Raul Ioan; Dhahbi, Wissem
Background: Nutrient timing strategies may influence recovery and performance in athletes; however, the effects of ingesting casein protein before sleep versus immediately after exercise remain unclear. This study compared the acute effects of pre-sleep and post-exercise ingestion of casein on high-intensity anaerobic performance in highly trained soccer players. Methods: Twenty-four highly trained male soccer players (mean age: 20.6 ± 1.8 years) were randomly assigned to three groups: post-exercise casein ingestion group (PECIG; n = 8), pre-sleep casein ingestion group (PSCIG; n = 8), and control group (CG; n = 8). Following a standardized high-intensity resistance training protocol, participants consumed 30 g of micellar casein dissolved in 300 mL of water either immediately after exercise or 30–60 min before bedtime. Performance was assessed using the Countermovement Jump (CMJ), the Illinois Agility Test (IAT), and the Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST), which were conducted both before and 24 h after the training session. Results: Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed significant group-by-time effects for CMJ (F = 8.21, p = 0.002, η2p = 0.36) and RAST performance variables, including peak power (F = 6.94, p = 0.003, η2p = 0.32), mean power (F = 7.42, p = 0.002, η2p = 0.34), and fatigue index (F = 5.87, p = 0.008, η2p = 0.28). Post hoc analyses showed that PSCIG significantly improved CMJ (Δ = +1.45 cm; p < 0.001, d = 2.04) and RAST mean power (Δ = +125.14 W; p = 0.002, d = 1.55) compared with the control condition. PECIG significantly enhanced RAST peak power (Δ = +205.79 W; p = 0.001, d = 1.64), mean power (Δ = +128.43 W; p = 0.013, d = 1.24), and fatigue index (Δ = +4.12 W/s; p = 0.010, d = 1.29) relative to CG. No performance differences were observed between PSCIG and PECIG timing conditions (all p > 0.05). Conclusions: Both pre-sleep and post-exercise casein ingestion enhanced anaerobic performance in highly trained soccer players, with each timing method favoring different performance outcomes. However, neither strategy demonstrated superiority over the other, suggesting that casein timing may be flexibly applied according to athletes’ preferences and training contexts.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Diaphragm and Abdominal Wall Muscle Thickness with Fatty Liver Density in Elderly Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Gökçelik, Eda; Yilmaz, Coskun; Budak, Cemallettin; Soylu, Hakan Huseyin; Bayrakdaroglu, Serdar; Ceylan, Halil Ibrahim; Muntean, Raul Ioan; Küçük, Hamza; Ceylan, Levent
Background and Objectives: Post-menopausal estrogen decline is considered a contributing factor to sarcopenia, and inspiratory muscle training (IMT) may provide benefits in this demographic. This study examined the impact of a four-week IMT program on diaphragm thickness, abdominal wall muscle thickness (AWMT; transversus abdominis, internal oblique, and external oblique), and liver fat percentage in healthy elderly women. Materials and Methods: Twenty-six women aged 60-80 years were randomly assigned to an IMT group (n = 13) or a control group (n = 13). The IMT group used the PowerBreathe (R) Classic device at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), with weekly increments of 10%. Training was performed twice daily, five days per week, with 30 breathing cycles per session (60 per day). The control group maintained their usual routines. AWMT, diaphragm thickness (DT), and fatty liver density (FLD) were measured by a radiologist before and after the intervention. Results: After four weeks, the IMT group showed significant improvements in all parameters compared to controls. Mid-diaphragm thickness (MDT) increased by 11.44% (effect size (ES) = 0.358, p < 0.001) versus 0.76% in controls (p = 0.271). Posterior diaphragm thickness (PDT) improved by 7.48% (ES = 0.282, p < 0.001) versus 0.38% (p = 0.564). Right AWMT increased by 12.7% (ES = 0.492, p < 0.001) compared to 0.10% (p = 0.872), and left AWMT increased by 9.93% (ES = 0.395, p < 0.001) versus 2.64% (p = 0.014). FLD improved by 11.79% (ES = 0.959, p < 0.001) in the IMT group, while the control group showed no meaningful change (-0.13%, p = 0.847). Conclusions: A short-term IMT protocol significantly enhanced diaphragm and AWMT and reduced liver fat in elderly women. These findings support the use of IMT as a simple, non-invasive intervention to preserve musculoskeletal and metabolic health in aging populations.
- Derleme MakaleAçık Erişim2025Synergistic Effects of Exercise and Nano-Curcumin Supplementation in Women with Lifestyle-Related Diseases: A Scoping Review
Cherappurath, Nafih; Navaf, Muhammed; Ceylan, Halil Ibrahim; Elayaraja, Masilamani; Sunooj, Kappat Valiyapeediyekkal; Satheesan, Saranya T.; Thoompenthodi, Muhammed Ali; Perumbalath, Shamshadali; Bayrakdaroglu, Serdar; Muntean, Raul Ioan
Background/Objectives: Lifestyle-related diseases such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and osteoarthritis disproportionately affect women due to hormonal, metabolic, and socio-cultural factors. Emerging evidence suggests that combining structured exercise with nano-curcumin, a bioavailable phytochemical formulation with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, may provide synergistic benefits. This scoping review systematically synthesizes available evidence on the combined effects of nano-curcumin supplementation and exercise interventions on health outcomes in women with lifestyle-related diseases. Methods: Following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and the PRISMA-ScR framework, a comprehensive database search was conducted in March 2025 and updated in June 2025. Records were retrieved from Scopus (n = 30), Web of Science (n = 22), PubMed (n = 18), and other sources (n = 71), yielding a total of 141 studies. After screening and deduplication, eight studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. All the studies were conducted in Iran with small sample sizes (12-53 participants) and short intervention durations (6-16 weeks). Therefore, the current evidence is geographically and demographically limited. Results: Across the included trials, the combined interventions produced additive or synergistic improvements in oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, lipid and glucose metabolism, cardiovascular function, pulmonary capacity, muscle fitness, and psychological outcomes (e.g., depression). When paired with nano-curcumin supplementation at different concentrations, high-intensity interval training, aerobic exercise, Pilates, and resistance training consistently outperformed exercise or supplementation alone in modulating antioxidant defenses, reducing systemic inflammation, and improving metabolic risk factors. Conclusions: The integration of exercise and nano-curcumin supplementation appears to confer superior benefits for women with lifestyle-related diseases compared with either approach alone. These findings highlight the potential of combining phytochemicals with lifestyle interventions to optimize women's health outcomes. However, most available evidence originates from small, short-term studies in single geographic regions. Large-scale, multicenter, randomized controlled trials with diverse populations are warranted to establish standardized protocols and optimal dosing strategies, and to assess long-term safety and efficacy.