Akbay, Yunus Emre; Evmes, Adem; Akyüz, Turgut

The subject of this article is to examine and analyze the understanding of propositions held by Ibn Kamm & umacr;na, who lived in the 13th century, from the perspective of the discipline of logic. Ibn Kamm & umacr;na is a profound thinker who left significant works in the fields of philosophy and logic by thoroughly examining the works of figures such as Ibn Maym & umacr;n, Ibn Sin & amacr;, al-Ghaz & amacr;li, Ab & umacr; al-Barak & amacr;t al-Baghd & amacr;di, Fakhr al-Din al-R & amacr;zi, and al-Suhrawardi. The primary aim of the article is to analyze in detail the manner in which Ibn Kamm & umacr;na approaches propositions, drawing upon the works he authored on matters of logic. The scope of the article is confined to al-Jad & imacr;d f & imacr;'l-hikma, Sharh al-us & umacr;l wa'l-jumal, and Sharh at-talw & imacr;h & amacr;t, which are among Ibn Kamm & umacr;na's works containing data on the subject of propositions, and within the context of these works, the definition of the proposition, categorical propositions, conditional propositions, modal propositions, the contradiction and conversion of propositions are comprehensively addressed. The literature review conducted revealed that the philosopher has been examined to a considerably limited extent in our country from the standpoint of logic, and this study is considered to make a significant contribution to remedying the aforementioned deficiency. A qualitative research methodology was adopted in the article, and techniques of analysis and comparison were employed. It is known that Ibn Kamm & umacr;na, unlike authors such as Aristotle, al-F & amacr;r & amacr;bi, and Ibn Sin & amacr;, did not compose an independent work on propositions. For this reason, approximately sixteen works that have survived to the present day were meticulously examined through an individual scanning method, passages related to the subject of propositions within the context of the three identified works were recorded, and the data obtained were systematically classified and analyzed. As a result, it has been demonstrated that Ibn Kamm & umacr;na's treatment of propositions draws substantially from the Peripatetic tradition through Ibn Sin & amacr;. Ibn Kamm & umacr;na shares a common view with Ibn Sin & amacr; on the matter of indefinite propositions and explicitly states that such propositions ought to be understood as particular. Furthermore, he addresses propositions holistically on the subject of modality without making a distinction between simple and composite; and emphasizes that there is no limitation with respect to the number of modal propositions and

Evmes, Adem; Akbay, Yunus Emre; Akyüz, Turgut

Al-Hilli, known as a Shii theologian and legal theorist, was a versatile scholar of the thirteenth century who authored numerous works on the philosophical sciences. In his writings, al-Hilli carefully examined ontological problems and methodological questions, systematically discussed the problem of knowledge, and devoted considerable attention to the science of logic. This article addresses al-Hilli's views on the art of dialectic (jadal), which he considered necessary for those who have not yet attained the level of demonstration (burhan), which ranks second in importance among the five arts, and on which no dedicated study has hitherto been undertaken. The aim of the article is to determine, on the basis of his logic works composed within the Peripatetic (Mash'sha'i) tradition, the extent to which al-Hilli was influenced by earlier logicians in his understanding of jadal and the respects in which he diverged from them. The scope of the article is confined to three of al-Hilli's works: his commentary on the logic section of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi's Tajrid al-i'tiqad, entitled al-Jawhar al-nadid; his commentary on al-Katibi's logical treatise al-Shamsiyya, entitled al-Qawa'id al-jaliyya; and his independent composition al-Asrar al-khafiyya fi al-'ul & umacr;m al-'aqliyya. These works were examined through a single-subject scanning method, whereby passages containing data pertaining to the components of dialectical theory-including its definition, premises, structure, and application-were identified and analysed. In this context, recourse was made to the works of logicians who had written on jadal prior to al-Hilli, among them Aristotle, al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, al-T & umacr;si, and al-Katibi, with particular attention given to a comparative analysis of the explanations offered by Ibn Sina and al-Hilli. It was ultimately established that al-Hilli followed both the Aristotelian and the Peripatetic logical tradition in his theory of jadal, and that he was especially influenced by Ibn Sina.