Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları

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• MakaleYalnız künye2025/r/gumushane/14019
  Determination of selection-focused physicochemical properties in the local Eğrisap pear (Pyrus communis L.) clone grown in Rize

  Kalkisim, Ozgun; Aydin, Mehmet Zahit; Ozdes, Duygu; Duran, Celal

  Turkey, located within the Western Asia gene center, is a significant genetic center for many fruit species, including pears. Rize, a province in the Northeastern part of Turkey, is located within the Northeast Anatolia Region, which falls within the genetic center area where pears have undergone evolutionary development. This study aimed to identify promising local Eğrisap pear clone genotypes with superior traits and to introduce them into economic use. For this purpose, Rize province and its districts were surveyed, and fruit and leaf samples were collected from pre-selected Eğrisap pear clone types. These samples were subjected to pomological, morphological, and chemical analysis. The JMP 13 statistical software package was used to compare the Eğrisap pear clone types. According to the research results, the pomological and morphological traits of the clone types varied as follows: fruit weight (99.10–139.54 g), fruit width (54.52–65.41 mm), fruit length (57.58–68.83 mm), fruit stem length (50.75–59.50 mm), fruit stem thickness (2.36–2.91 mm), core width (5.15–7.55 mm), core length (9.73–14.51 mm), flesh firmness (3.61–7.13 lb), seed number (5.30–8.55), leaf width (45.80–60.04 mm), leaf length (64.53–82.37 mm), petiole length (37.04–60.99 mm), petiole thickness (0.83–1.20 mm), and soluble solid content (SSC) (9.10 %-16.0 %). Regarding chemical composition, the pH values of the clone types ranged from (3.78–4.22), titratable acidity (0.22 %-0.47 %), protein content (1.50 %-4.95 %), vitamin C content (0.92–2.28 mg/100 g), ash content (1.16 %-4.30 %), and total sugar content (9.66 %-17.28 %). Mineral element analysis of the local pear varieties revealed that iron content ranged from (0–14.7 µg/g), copper (2.90–9.12 µg/g), manganese (2.9–11.6 µg/g), magnesium (321.7–771.5 mg/g), zinc (0 µg/g), sodium (9.6–39.6 µg/g), potassium (5.43–14.50 µg/g), calcium (50.1–219.7 µg/g), cobalt (0.01–0.31 µg/g), cadmium (0–0.1 µg/g), and nickel (0.08–4.41 µg/g). Among the local Eğrisap pear clones grown in Rize, clone type 53 IYD 01 was identified as having the most superior quality criteria and chemical composition. Consequently, it is recommended that this clone type be introduced to producers for cultivation.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2024/r/gumushane/12383
  Anti-inflammatory activities of some Anthemis species used in the treatment of inflammation-related diseases, GC/MS and LC-MS/MS analysis with bioactivity-guided fractionation

  Yıldırım, Aybeniz; Gül, Abdulkadir; Başaran, Nihal; Şen, Ali; Bitiş, Leyla; Tanyıldızı, M.Şaban

  Recent studies have focused on Anthemis sp. because of their rich chemical composition and application in the treatment of diseases associated with inflammation. The purpose of this study was to determine the active chemicals responsible for the anti-inflammatory properties of Anthemis cotula, A. tomentosa, A. austriaca, and A. tinctoria var. tinctoria. Therefore, the 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) was used to assess the anti-inflammatory properties of methanol extracts that were extracted from the aerial parts of the mentioned species, with an IC50 value of 23.88 μg/mL, the methanol extract of A. tinctoria var. tinctoria demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects close to the standard (Indomethacin, IC50: 18.05 μg/mL). Compared to the other extracts, the methanol extract of A. tinctoria var. tinctoria demonstrated significantly greater anti-inflammatory activity. A. tinctoria var. tinctoria and A. tomentosa methanol extracts, which were the most active in comparison to other extracts, were fractionated using the bioactivity-guided fractionation method. Their anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated to determine the compounds responsible for the activity. With an IC50 value of 3.44 μg/mL, the ethyl acetate fraction of A. tinctoria var. tinctoria (ATiEA) was found to be the most active of all the fractions. After ATiEA was further fractionated using column chromatography, it was found that ATiEA-II, one of its sub-fractions, was more effective than other sub-fractions against the 5-LOX, with an IC50 value of 2.93 μg/mL. Furthermore, the sub-fractions' total phenol and flavonoid contents were examined to confirm their anti-inflammatory properties. The sub-fraction ATiEA-II exhibited higher total flavonoid content (743,86 μg QE/g dry weight) and total phenol content (4659.36 μg GA/g dry weight) than other sub-fractions, which was in line with its anti-inflammatory activity. GC/MS and LC-MS/MS were used to clarify the effective compounds of the sub-fraction ATiEA-II. Experiments on the anti-inflammatory properties of different Anthemis sp. have demonstrated the good anti-inflammatory potential of this species. Specifically, ATiEA-II, a sub-fraction of A. tinctoria var. tinctoria, may contain a novel anti-inflammatory drug molecule.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2022/r/gumushane/12616
  Investigation of the effects of different extraction methods on some biological activities of Dactylorhiza romana subsp. georgica (Klinge) Soó ex Renz & Taubenheim

  Bozkir, Buğra; Acet, Tuba; Özcan, Kadriye

  Dactylorhiza romana subsp. georgica is found in Anatolia and is traditionally used by local people both as food and to alleviate various ailments. Although various biological activities of the plant have been partially investigated, these properties have not been comprehensively revealed in the light of scientific data. In this study, it was aimed to elucidate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, enzyme inhibition (alpha amylase, alpha glucosidase, and tyrosinase) and DNA protective activity and phenolic content of the extracts obtained from orchid tubers using different extraction methods. For this, the fresh and dry tubers of the plant were extracted with ethanol at different times in an ultrasonic water bath, shaker and their combinations with each other. ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP methods were used to determine the antioxidant properties of plant tubers. In addition, the phosphomolybdate method was used to determine the total antioxidant capacity. The spectrophotometric method was preferred to reveal the enzyme inhibition activity. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was investigated by microdilution method. In addition, the phenolic content of the plant was analysed by HPLC. The DNA protective activity of the extracts was determined by using the pUC 19 plasmid. According to the results obtained, it was revealed that each extract exhibited various biological activities. According to the HPLC results, the highest phenolic component in the extracts was determined as p-hydroxybenzoic acid. As a result, it was observed that the biological activities of orchid tubers changed according to different extraction methods. Accordingly, due to the high biological activities of orchid tubers, they have a high potential for use in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2021/r/gumushane/12604
  Phenolic contents and biological activities of two endemic plants in Turkey

  Acet, Tuba; Çorbacı, Cengiz; Özcan, Kadriye

  In the paper, the phenolic compounds and biological activity of Corydalis oppositifolia DC. and Senecio cilicius Boiss., the endemic plants growing in Turkey, were investigated for the first time. The ethanol extract of C. oppositifolia exhibited more potent antimicrobial activity while the ethanol extract of S. cilicius exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity on ABTS (81.4±1.1a mg TE g−1 extract) and DPPH (23.4±0.2a mg TE g−1 extract). In C. oppositifolia, the highest total flavonoid and phenolic acid contents were found to be in the ethanol (94.2±3.5a mg QE g−1 extract) and methanol (320.5±3.3c mg GAE g−1 extract) extracts, respectively. In S. cilicius, the highest total flavonoid and phenolic acid contents were found to be in the methanol (56.9±0.9c mg QE g−1 extract) and ethanol (568.0±3.3a mg GAE g−1 extract) extracts, respectively. The ethanol extract of C. oppositifolia has the most prominent activity against α-amylase, AChE and BChE whereas the methanol extract of this plant displayed the highest inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. HPLC analysis of the ethanol extracts revealed that the major flavonoids were kaempferol and quercetin whereas the major phenolic acids were protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, gentistic acid and 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid. The findings suggested that the plants and their extracts have the potential to be used in the treatment of diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's diseases.

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• MakaleAçık Erişim2019/r/gumushane/14705
  Centaurea hypoleuca DC: Phenolic content, antimicrobial, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities

  Özcan, Kadriye; Acet, Tuba; Çorbacı, Cengiz

  Centaurea hypoleuca is one of the plants have been traditionally used in treatments of many diseases in folk medicine in Turkey. In the present study, ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of the plant's aerial parts were examined and their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and enzyme inhibition activities were determined for the first time. The antioxidant assays were performed in vitro using ABTS and DPPH methods, whereas the antimicrobial efficiency was determined using disc diffusion and microdilution methods. Moreover, the enzyme inhibition activity was analyzed using calorimetric methods targeting the key enzymes used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (cholinesterase) and diabetes (glucosidase and amylase). Also, the phenolic contents were analyzed using HPLC. The biological activity of flower ethyl acetate extract was found to be significantly higher than those of other extracts. This extract was more prominent because of its strong antimicrobial activity with the MIC value of 8 µg mL−1 against MRSA. Moreover, the main components of the extract were determined to be catechin and chlorogenic acid. In conclusion, these results indicate that C. hypoleuca can be pharmaceutically used as herbal remedies for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and enzyme inhibitor effects.

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