Physicochemical and bioactive properties of cakes incorporated with gilaburu fruit (Viburnum opulus) pomace

In this study the valorisation of a gilaburu (Viburnum opulus) fruit pomace, a waste product remaining after juice extraction, was investigated. The pomace was incorporated into cake formulation at the level of 0, 5, 10 and 15%, based on wheat flour weight. Results indicated that the batter viscosity increased and pH decreased by the increasing of the concentration of pomace level in cake formulation. Depending on incorporation level, reduction on the volume and height of the cake samples were observed. The hardness values increased whereas the chewiness and gumminess values of the cake samples decreased with an increasing of pomace incorporation level. Gilaburu pomace addition caused significant (P<0.05) changes on L*, a*, and b* values of crumb, whereas no significant differences have been determined on the L* and b* values of crust of the samples. In sensory analyses, 5% gilaburu pomace added cake sample had the highest overall acceptability score. The total phenolic content and radical-scavenging activity values of cake samples increased proportionally with the level of pomace incorporation. According to the study, evaluation of gilaburu pomace waste as ingredient in developing alternative functional and/or value-added products by the food industry could be suggested.