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- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Determining the Factors Affecting Football Fans' Satisfaction with Video Assistant Referee (VAR) Technology; [Futbol Taraftarlarının Video Yardımcı Hakem (VAR)’e Yönelik Memnuniyetlerini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi]
Avci, İbrahim; Ayik, Öznur
Video Assistant Referee (VAR) technology has been introduced in the sports industry as a decision support system designed to assist referees in making the correct decisions when overseeing a sporting event. In Turkey, VAR technology has been deployed to lessen controversies in football matches, but it has not completely eliminated them. As a result, it is crucial to establish whether fans, a key stakeholder in the sports sector, are satisfied with VAR technology. In this context, the study aims to investigate the effects of football fans' perceived value and identification with VAR technology on their satisfaction with it. Furthermore, the mediating role of attitudes towards the technology and the moderating role of knowledge about VAR technology will also be examined. The study used the snowball sampling method, and data were obtained via an online survey, with 411 fans participating over the data collection period. Using the fan data, Structural Equation Modeling was performed using the AMOS tool, and the study hypotheses were tested. The research revealed that identification and perceived value of VAR technology have a positive effect on satisfaction with this technology, with attitude toward technology acting as a mediator. The level of knowledge about VAR technology has a moderating effect in the relationship between satisfaction and perceived value. These findings have practical and theoretical implications for both the sports sector and the academic discipline.
- MakaleYalnız künye2020The Effect of Brand Personality on Sport Team Identification
Bayrakdaroglu, Yesim
This study examined the perception levels of brand personalities and team identification of Gumushanespor spectators, and also analyzed the data in terms of various variables. The participants of this study consisted of a total of 326 spectators (166 female and 160 male) living in the center of Gumushane, Turkey. As data collection tools Sport Spectator Identification Scale and Brand Personality Scale were used. In the analysis of the data, Single Factor Variance Analysis, Correlation Analysis, and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis were used for variables determined to show normal distribution and homogeneity. On the other hand, Kruskal-Wallis Test was applied to the data that could not provide the parametric test condition. Tukey Test was used in Variance analysis, and Mann Whitney U Test was used in the Kruskal-Wallis Test for multiple comparison processes. Findings were obtained in terms of various variables in the analyzes. In addition, the results of the analysis indicated that the brand personality is a significant and powerful predictor of identifying with the team with the sub-dimensions of excitement and sophistication. However, sincerity, competence, and ruggedness variables that make up the brand personality did not make a significant contribution to this predictive model.