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- MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ1Evaluation of Cherts in Gumushane Province in Terms of Alkali Silica Reaction
Demir Şahin, Demet
Alkali–silica reaction (ASR) occurs when alkali oxides coming from the cement composition in concrete come together with reactive silica and moisture coming from the aggregate. Additional maintenance and repair costs caused by the development of ASR in concrete cause the cost to increase. However, thanks to the measures taken against ASR in the early period, it contributes to the creation of sustainable and durable concrete structures. The article investigated the usability of cherts with eight different chemical compositions as aggregates in ready-mixed concrete plants in Gümüşhane. Cherts have been investigated for alkaline reactivity and are intended to be used largely as a source for concrete plants. ASR length changes of the samples prepared according to ASTM C1260 standard were determined after 3, 7, 14, and 28 days of the curing period. Microstructural examination, ultrasonic P-wave velocity, and bending and compressive strength experiments supporting ASR were carried out. The obtained test results were compared between the reference (limestone) sample and each other, as well as with the values specified in the standards. The compressive and bending strength values of the samples increase depending on their ASR. It was observed that the crack structures and types increased depending on the increase in the crack values.
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İncele - MakaleAçık Erişim2024Scopus SJRQ2Effects of Ultrafine Fly Ash against Sulphate Reaction in Concrete Structures
Demir Şahin, Demet; Eker, Hasan
In this study, Afşin Elbistan C-type fly ash (FA) was used, which protects against the sulphate reaction that damages concrete. The detrimental effects of post-reaction decrease with increasing fly ash fineness. The study used 10%, 30%, and 50% weight substitutes of cement. The fly ash was ground in a ball mill for 0, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 min, and Blaine fineness values of 1555, 1632, 2347, 2589, 2766, and 3433 cm2/g were obtained, respectively. The effect of the samples on the sulphate resistance was investigated by exposing the samples to 5% or 10% added sulphate solutions, and the compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity of the concrete were tested. The compressive strength values obtained decreased with the increase in sulphate content, and the increase in the grinding time and the amount of substituted FA increased the compressive strength values. It was observed that weight loss increased with increasing sulphate content and decreased with the addition of FA with a high Blaine fineness. It was determined that as the Blaine fineness value increased, the sulphate content, FA substitution amount, and ultrasonic pulse speed decreased. This study was carried out to determine the effects of fly ash used at different fineness and replacement ratios on the performance and strength of concrete after exposure to external influences such as sulphate. The use of fly ash instead of cement will reduce the use of waste materials and natural resources and prevent environmental pollution. The cost of cement and concrete will be reduced.
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İncele - MakaleYalnız künye2023Scopus SJRQ2Effect of Reduced Fineness of Fly Ash Used on the Alkali–Silica Reaction (ASR) of Concrete
Eker, Hasan; Demir Şahin, Demet; Çullu, Mustafa
This study aimed to determine the effect of fly ash added to concrete with high calcium content (C class) and different fineness on durability properties such as the alkali–silica reaction (ASR). By substituting ultra-fine fly ash for cement at specific proportions in concrete mixes and increasing the fly ash fineness, fly ash filled the spaces between cement grains or aggregates in concrete and accelerated the hydration process. Thus, the mechanism of ASR development was reduced. Class C Afşin Elbistan ash was used and was ground in a ball mill for 0, 10, 20, 30, and 45 min, and Blaine fineness values of 1555, 1632, 2347, 2589, and 2766 cm2/g were obtained, respectively. For each fly ash fineness, the effect of mixtures with 10%, 30%, and 50% replacement of cement on the ASR mechanism was observed during curing periods of 3, 7, 14, and 28 days compared to concrete without fly ash admixture. Furthermore, the effect of the increased fineness and substitution rate of fly ash with high calcium content in cement on the microstructure was revealed by microscopic mineralogical images. The prepared fine fly ash added to concrete mixes at different replacement ratios showed ASR reducing properties compared to the concrete mix without additions. The fly ash fineness and the substitution rate in the concrete had a reducing effect on the ASR, and this effect resulted in values lower than the reference concrete value.
AtıfScopus21WoS21OpenAlex24İncele - Yüksek Lisans TeziAçık Erişim2019Taze halde soğuk hava etkisine maruz lifli betonların mekanik özelliklerinin incelenmesi
Hasan Tunç
Geleneksel beton, tipik olarak yorulma, kavitasyon,(boşluk, oyuk, çukur), aşınma, çarpma dayanımı, çatlama sonrası yük taşıma dayanımı ve tokluk açısından zayıftır. Betonun bu özelliklerinin belirgin olarak gerektiği yerlerde, beton içine değişik malzemelerden üretilmiş ve teknik özellikleri yüksek liflerin katılması sonucu betonun zayıf özellikleri iyileştirilerek beton güçlendirilmiştir. Verimli ve doğru sonuçlar elde edebilmek için beton tasarımının önemli olduğu kadar, beton döküm koşullarında bir o kadar önem taşımaktadır. Beton dökümü sırasında; ortalama sıcaklığın art arda üç gün süre ile +5ºC'un altına düşmesi TS 1248 standardında soğuk hava olarak tanımlanmıştır. Birbirini izleyen 3 günden uzun bir süre içinde; günlük ortalama hava sıcaklığı 5 ºC'den az ise veya 24 saatlik bir sürenin yarısından daha fazla bir sürede sıcaklık 10 ºC'nin üzerine çıkmıyor ise, bu koşullar da yine soğuk hava koşulları olarak tanımlanmaktadır (ACI 306, 1997). Taze betonun döküldüğü ortamın sıcaklığı düşünce priz süresi uzar, hidratasyon yavaşlar ve dayanım kazanma hızı azalır, buna bağlı olarak da kalıp alma süresi de gecikir. Taze betonun ve içindeki suyun donmasıyla birlikte hidratasyon da durur. Don etkisine uğrayan beton çözülünce hidratasyon yeniden başlayabilir, ancak çimento hamuru-agrega ve çimento hamuru-donatı ara yüzeylerinde aderans büyük ölçüde azalır. Bu durum ise beton dayanımında düşüşe yol açar. Bu sebeplerden dolayı; Bu çalışmada; taze halde soğuk hava etkisinde üretilen lifli betonların mekanik özelliklerindeki, değişim incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla, çelik ve polipropilen lifler eklenerek üretilen betonlar taze halde 0ºC, -5ºC ve -10ºC derecelerde soğuk havaya maruz bırakılmıştır. Soğuk hava etkisi ile mekanik özelliklerdeki değişimi kıyaslamak amacıyla laboratuvar şartlarında çelik ve polipropilen lifli örnekler üretilmiştir. Lif özelliklerinin mekanik özelliklere katkısını görmek amacıyla çelik ve polipropilen lifler, farklı uzunluklarda ve farklı oranlarda kullanılmıştır. Üretilen örnekler üzerinde eğilme dayanımı, basınç dayanımı ve enerji yutma kapasiteleri (tokluk) belirlenmiştir. Üretilen lifli betonlarda normal şartlar ve soğuk hava şartlarının mekanik özelliklere etkisi incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, betonun maruz kaldığı sıcaklık değerinin değişimi ile mekanik özelliklere olumsuz etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Betonda kullanılan lif katkısının, mekanik özelliklere olumlu etki yaptığı görülmüştür.
- MakaleYalnız künye2017THE USABILITY OF VOLCANIC ROCKS FROM UPPER EUPHRATES PART IN THE EASTERN ANATOLIA REGION AS CONCRETE AGGREGATE
Aksüt, Yavuz Selim; Yetgin, Sukru
In this study; the engineering properties of volcanic rocks obtained from four different quarries in the province of Erzincan region in the Upper Euphrates Part in the Eastern Anatolia Region were investigated. In laboratory studies, the experiments including bulk and aggregate tests (bulk and dense unit weight, specific mass, water absorption, Los Angeles test for resistance to wear, freezing resistance and uniaxial compressive strength) were conducted on 5 volcanic samples according to the standards (Turkish Standard, British Standard and ASTM) and in the second stage, grading of concrete tests (grading of the concrete aggregates, concrete preparation, slump test, specific density of concrete, uniaxial compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, splitting tensile strength, abrasion resistance and capillarity) were performed on the concrete samples with volcanic aggregates. For fresh concrete composition, water/cement ratio was selected as the main variable providing homogeneous mixing and the highest strength to the concrete samples with a specific granulometry. Cylindrical concrete samples were produced with a variety of water/cement ratios cured for 7 and 28 days in water and their compressive strengths were assessed in the light of their physical and mechanical properties. The results obtained from aggregates and concrete tests, which were performed in line with the standards showed that especially Yassitepe-Dogu (YTD) sample, one of the volcanic rocks from Erzincan region can be used as concrete aggregate. It was observed that compressive strength of the concrete samples could satisfy C25/30 strength class and upper classes. In addition, it was understood that they can be used in highways, bridges, dams, buildings etc., especially as structural concrete.
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