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- MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2025DO ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATIONS, TRADE, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH AFFECT THE ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT IN INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES? PANEL AUGMENTED MEAN GROUP AND COMMON CORRELATED EFFECT ESTIMATIONS
Akyol, Mehmet; Soyyigit, Semanur
This study assessed the environmental technological innovation (ETI) of the 13 countries with the highest industrial added value (China, the United States, Japan, Germany, India, the United Kingdom, South Korea, France, Russia, Italy, Mexico, Brazil, Indonesia) over the period between 1992 and 2019. The objective is to evaluate the impact of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, trade openness (TO), and economic growth (EG) on the ecological footprint (EFP). In this study, a panel data analysis was conducted utilizing the second-generation PANIC unit root test, the Westerlund cointegration test, the Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test, and the common correlated effect mean group (CCEMG) and augmented mean group (AMG) estimator methods. The results of the analysis demonstrate that, according to the CCEMG, ETI exerts a mitigating influence on EFP in Indonesia. In numerous countries, CO2 has been observed to increase EFP, whereas in a select few countries, EG has been found to have a similar effect. Conversely, in China and South Korea, TO has been identified as a factor contributing to an increase in EFP, while in the United States, it has been identified as a factor that contributes to a decrease in EFP. The AMG indicates that ETI results in a decrease in EFP in Brazil and Indonesia, while simultaneously producing an increase in Mexico. While CO2 is observed to increase EFP in numerous countries, EG is seen to increase EFP in many countries, although this is only the case in India. TO is found to decrease EFP in China, India, South Korea, and Brazil, while simultaneously increasing it in Germany. The empirical evidence suggests that policies aimed at limiting uncontrolled economic growth, prioritising environmentally friendly technological innovations, improving international trade processes and policies with the objective of reducing emissions, and developing environmentally friendly processes and products in production are likely to be effective.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2021The Impact of Environmental Technological Innovations on CO2 Emissions: The Case of OECD Countries
Akyol, Mehmet; Mete, Emrullah
Global warming and climate change, caused by greenhouse gas emissions, have compelled all countries to reconsider their production factors. Developing technologies to reduce emission volumes has been one of the priority targets for countries. This study investigated the impact of environmental technological innovations on CO2 emissions in 18 OECD members. The panel generalized method of moments (GMM)was employed in the study to produce estimates for the period between 2005 and 2018. Energy consumption, economic growth (GDP), and technological innovation data were used as independent variables in the study, CO2 emissions were used as dependent variable, whereas the number of patents preventing climate change was used as a technological innovation indicator. The analysis results showed that a 1% increase in patent applications for preventing climate change reduced CO2 emissions by 0.02%. However, a 1% increase in energy consumption caused an increase of 0.56% in CO2 emissions. Finally, the 1% increase in the GDP growth rate caused an increase of 0.002% in CO2 emissions.
- Yüksek Lisans TeziAçık Erişim2020Ar-Ge ve inovasyonun yüksek teknoloji ürün ihracatı üzerindeki etkisi: Yükselen piyasa ekonomileri örneği
Sema Hilal Durmuş
Son yıllarda küreselleşmenin etkisiyle dünya ekonomilerinde değişen rekabet anlayışında yüksek teknoloji ürün ihracatı önemli bir konumdadır. Ülkelerin değişen rekabet şartlarında yer edinebilmek adına yaptıkları Ar-ge faaliyetlerine olan eğilim artış göstermektedir. Ar-ge faaliyetleriyle ortaya çıkan inovasyonların da ticari başarılara dönüştürülmesiyle iktisadi büyümeye etki etmektedir. Ar-ge ve inovasyon faaliyetleri teknolojik gelişmeler ve ihracat performanslarında artış sağlamaktadır. Ar-ge ve inovasyon faaliyetlerinin yüksek teknoloji ürün ihracatı ve ekonomik büyümeye ilişkin etkileri merak konusu olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada verisine ulaşılabilen yükselen piyasa ekonomilerinden 7 ülkenin (Arjantin, Bulgaristan, Çin, Polonya, Romanya, Rusya ve Türkiye) 2007-2017 dönemine ait verileriyle yüksek teknoloji ürün ihracatı üzerindeki etkisi ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu ilişkinin analiz edilebilmesinde yöntem olarak panel veri analiz yöntemlerinden sabit ve tesadüfi etkiler modellerinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, Ar-ge ve inovasyon ile yüksek teknoloji ürün ihracatı arasında pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir.