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- MakaleAçık Erişim2024Bioethanol Production from Mulberry Molasses Waste with Ohmic-Assisted Hydrodistillation
Tunç, Merve Tuğçe; Genç, Berna; Karataş, Şeyda Merve
In this study, the fermentation process of bioethanol production conditions were optimized by response surface methodology. Mulberry molasses production waste was used as the only carbon source for yeast fermentation to produce bioethanol. Hydrodistillation (HD) and ohmic-assisted hydrodistillation (OAHD) methods were employed to concentrate the bioethanol. Fermentation time (48–168 h), waste matter rate (5–45%) and pH (5–7) were selected as independent variables. Alcohol concentration was treated as the response. Optimum fermentation conditions were determined as 96.894 h fermentation time, 45% waste ratio and pH 7. At these optimum conditions, alcohol concentration was determined as 3.77 ± 0.33%. While the distillate obtained in the HD method contained 22.50 ± 1.89% alcohol, it showed 27.72 ± 0.24% in the OAHD method. The energy consumption values for OAHD and HD was 2.92 ± 0.51 and 53.24 ± 1.74 Wh/mL bioethanol, respectively. Results of study showed that the OAHD could be a cost-effective and green method to distillation of bioethanol from mulberry molasses waste.
- MakaleYalnız künye2019Ohmic heating assisted hydrodistillation of clove essential oil
Tunç, Merve Tuğçe; Koca, İlkay
Ohmic heating assisted hydrodistillation is a novel green technology for the extraction of essential oils. In this study, clove bud essential oils (CEO) were extracted by ohmic heating assisted hydrodistillation (OAHD) and compared with conventional hydrodistillation (HD) process, in terms of extraction yield, energy consumption and chemical properties. Ohmic heating assisted hydrodistillation process conditions were optimized by response surface methodology. Voltage gradient (7.5–12.5 V/cm, A), process time (30–120 minutes, B) and mass of clove bud (20–40 g, C) were varied in order to maximize CEO yield and to minimize energy consumption. Optimized extraction conditions were determined as, 12.5 V/cm voltage gradient, 97.967 min for process time and 40 g of mass of clove bud. Yield of CEO and energy consumption were found 13.18 ± 1.50% and 0.214 ± 0.030 kW h/g CEO at optimum extraction conditions, respectively. Under optimum conditions, both OAHD and HD methods were used for CEO extraction. Yields of CEO obtained by OAHD, HD-D (distilled water) and HD-S (salted water) were 13.18 ± 1.50, 8.23 ± 0.35 and 7.88 ± 0.60 respectively. Energy consumptions of OAHD and HD methods were not significantly different (P > 0.05). The main chemical component of CEO was eugenol and the yield of eugenol (g/100 g clove bud) was found higher with OAHD (6.95±0.6) method than HD-D (5.16 ± 0.20) and HD-S (5.13 ± 0.28). Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of CEOs were investigated by FRAP, DPPH and disk diffusion method. Antioxidant properties of CEOs obtained by different extraction methods were not significantly different (P > 0.05) according to FRAP and DPPH analysis. Although inhibition zones of CEOs extracted with different methods were not significantly different (P > 0.05) for gram positive bacteria's, CEO obtained by OAHD and HD-D have significantly higher (P < 0.05) inhibition zones for K. pneumonia and E. coli, respectively. The results of this study showed that OAHD method is applicable for CEO production.