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- MakaleYalnız künye2020A novel billing approach for fair and effective demand side management: Appliance level billing (AppLeBill)
Çakmak, Recep; Altaş, İsmail Hakkı
Demand side management (DSM) is an important part of smart electrical grid studies due to high energy efficiency it provides. Effective DSM techniques are hinged on participation level of the customers and control manner of their loads so if there is no fair and appropriate management, customers will not embrace demand side management applications. Besides, the customers might not participate to the demand response process willingly if their comforts are not considered. Therefore, the DSM systems must consider fairness and customer's comfort as well as distribution system objectives. Multifarious DSM systems have been proposed in the literature, however, the fair billing has not included as a parameter in most of these studies. This paper introduces a novel billing approach based upon appliance level billing (AppLeBill) for fair and effective demand side management. The proposed AppLeBill idea offers a billing strategy such that time-shiftable appliances (TSAs) in a residence may have a separate billing rate rather than a single billing rate for total electricity usage. The proposed AppLeBill concept includes three different schemes which are explained and simulated in order to compare each other in terms of their potential benefits.
- BildiriYalnız künye2020A fuzzy decision maker to determine optimal starting time of shiftable loads in the smart grids
Altaş, Ismail Hakkı; Çakmak, Recep
Smart grid studies have been increased tremendously for past ten years in order to modernise and solve problems of current electrical grids. One of the aim of the smart grids is to react autonomously to the problems in electrical networks by means of artificial intelligence and decision maker. Fuzzy logic-based embedded control systems simulate human thoughts and decision making processes. So, fuzzy logic and fuzzy decision makers can be utilised in smart grids for automated system management. In this paper, a fuzzy decision maker has been proposed to manage time-shiftable loads in residences. The proposed fuzzy decision maker determines optimal starting time of time-shiftable loads in residential areas in order to provide balanced power curve and decrease peak load consumptions by scheduling the loads. Design stage of the proposed fuzzy decision maker have been introduced and presented clearly. Finally, a design example has been given to show the decision results.
- BildiriYalnız künye2018Optimal scheduling of time shiftable loads in a task scheduling based demand response program by symbiotic organisms search algorithm
Cakmak, R.; Altas, I.H.
Demand side management is one of the key issues in smart electrical grid studies. Power demand of consumers can be managed via demand response(DR) programs. Task scheduling (TS) based demand response is one of the DR schemes. Objective of the TS approach is to schedule activation time of the appropriate time-shiftable loads to reduce power consumption in peak-demand hours. Heuristic optimization methods can be used to provide this objective. Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS) and Cuckoo Search (CS) algorithms are two of the most recent heuristic methods. In this paper, scheduling of the time-shiftable home appliances executed by SOS and CS algorithms. Time-shiftable home appliances of the consumers and run time tolerances of them aggregated by mini public survey to achieve results which close to reality. Obtained results are indicated the superiority of the SOS algorithm and demonstrated the positive effects of the demand side management on the electrical grid.
- BildiriYalnız künye2016Scheduling of domestic shiftable loads via Cuckoo search optimization algorithm
Cakmak, Recep; Altas, Ismail H.; Cetin, A.; Camurcu, A.Y.
Electrical power systems have been developed to more advanced structures called as smart grids. Among many other issues, demand side management (DSM) is one of the important instruments of the smart grids. DSM techniques increase the efficiency of the grid, and modify consumer's electrical demand via demand response (DR) programs using financial incentives. In this study, shiftable domestic loads scheduled by Cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) to ensure balanced load curve as much as possible while considering the consumers' preferences. The main motivation of this paper is scheduling the usage hours of the shiftable household appliances in a neighborhood by applying the recently developed metaheuristic CSA. This paper proposes an approach to increase the efficiency and lifetime of utility network by scheduling and operating shiftable domestic loads while considering consumer's demand in terms of financial benefits. Proposed CSA based scheduling mechanism is compared with that of Genetic algorithm (GA). The results reveal positive effects of the scheduling and the performance of the CSA over GA.