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- MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2026Effects of different conditioning activities performed after soccer-specific warm-up on post-activation performance enhancement
Kartal, Alper; Ilhan, Muhammet Taha; Ergin, Esin; Pancar, Zarife; Karaca, Burak; Yildiz, Yasin; Gulsen, Doğukan Batur Alp; Bayrakdaroğlu, Serdar
The post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) effect has been widely studied; however, studies conducted under real-world conditions remain limited. Furthermore, investigations into how different conditioning activities (CAs) influence PAPE responses are also scarce. Therefore, this study investigates the acute effects of high-intensity barbell hip thrust (BHT) and back squat (BS) exercises, performed after a soccer-specific warm-up (Wup), on physical performance in soccer players. Seventeen male amateur soccer players participated in the study (mean age: 22.29 ± 3.60 years; height: 1.78 ± 0.06 m; body weight: 73.18 ± 8.44 kg). Participants attended 5 experimental sessions. In the first session, after anthropometric assessments, participants were familiarized with the exercises and tests. In the second session, one-repetition maximum (1RM) was tested for BS and HT exercises. In the following three sessions, two PAPE protocols and one traditional (TRAD) protocol were performed in a randomized order. In the TRAD protocol, players performed physical performance tests including countermovement jump (CMJ), 10-m and 30-m sprint, and zigzag agility 16 minutes after a soccer-specific Wup. In the PAPE protocols, players performed CAs (e.g., hip thrust or back squat) at 85% of 1RM for 2 sets of 3 repetitions following a soccer-specific Wup, and completed the tests 8 minutes later. Results from the linear mixed-effects models revealed no significant effect of protocol on any performance variable, including CMJ (F(2,32) = 1.554, p = 0.227), 10 m sprint (F(2,32) = 0.242, p = 0.786), 30 m sprint (F(2,32) = 0.453, p = 0.640), and change of direction (COD) performance (F(2,32) = 0.946, p = 0.399). Marginal R² values indicated that the protocol explained only a minimal proportion of variance in performance outcomes (0.005–0.030), whereas conditional R² and ICC values suggested that between-participant differences accounted for a substantial proportion of variance, particularly for CMJ and 30 m sprint performance. Bonferroni-adjusted pairwise comparisons further showed no significant differences between PAPEBHT, PAPEBS, and TRAD protocols for CMJ, 10 m sprint, 30 m sprint, or COD performance (all p > 0.05). In conclusion, neither PAPE protocol performed after a soccer-specific warm-up significantly enhanced or impaired subsequent CMJ, sprint, or COD performance compared with the traditional warm-up. These findings suggest that adding PAPEBHT or PAPEBS protocols after a soccer-specific warm-up may maintain subsequent performance without inducing measurable decrements; however, their ergogenic effectiveness may depend on individual factors such as players’ strength levels, recovery capacity, training status, and physical characteristics.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Optimizing control strategies for DC-DC boost converters: Real-time application of an adaptive gain scheduled ISA-PI controller with hybrid state-space and linear parameter-varying modelling
Yanarateş, Cağfer
This paper introduces an innovative sophisticated control scheme for a DC-DC boost converter (DCBC), employing an adaptive gain scheduled ISA-PI controller. Addressing the inherent non-minimum phase behaviour arising from a right-half plane zero and the complexities associated with nonlinear dynamics during continuous conduction mode (CCM), the proposed adaptive gain scheduled ISA-PI controller incorporates the distinct adjustable parameter within the controller structure. This parameter is instrumental in enhancing the adaptability of the controller to varied operating conditions. The adaptive ISA-PI controller seamlessly integrates the real-time duty cycle value, replacing traditional tuning variables with precision. The dynamic adjustment of this sole controllable parameter is facilitated through a carefully designed look-up table, employing the loop-shaping method. Verification of the proposed control system’s effectiveness is conducted using MATLAB/Simulink, incorporating a comprehensive comparative analysis against single proportional integral (PI) controllers. The assessment centres on evaluating the system’s precision in tracking desired signals and regulating plant process variables with optimal efficiency, minimizing delays and overshoot. Experimental validation is further undertaken using MATLAB/Simulink/Stateflow on a dSPACE Real-time-interface (RTI) 1007 processor, DS2004 High-Speed A/D, and CP4002 Timing and Digital I/O boards. The experimental results confirm the superior performance of the proposed adaptive gain schedule ISA-PI controller, which has a unique configurable parameter. This controller demonstrated a twofold improvement in tracking speed and significantly improved disturbance rejection, confirming its effectiveness.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2017Deterministic stability and random behavior of a Hepatitis C model
Merdan, Mehmet; Bekiryazici, Zafer; Kesemen, Tulay; Khaniyev, Tahir
The deterministic stability of a model of Hepatitis C which includes a term defining the effect of immune system is studied on both local and global scales. Random effect is added to the model to investigate the random behavior of the model. The numerical characteristics such as the expectation, variance and confidence interval are calculated for random effects with two different distributions from the results of numerical simulations. In addition, the compliance of the random behavior of the model and the deterministic stability results is examined.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2015Increased expressions of ADAMTS-13, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, and neurofilament correlate with severity of neuropathology in border disease virus-infected small ruminants
Dincel, Gungor Cagdas; Kul, Oguz
Border Disease (BD), caused by Pestivirus from the family Flaviviridae, leads to serious reproductive losses and brain anomalies such as hydranencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia in aborted fetuses and neonatal lambs. In this report it is aimed to investigate the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease with Throm-bospondin type I repeats-13 (ADAMTS-13), and neurofilament (NF) in the brain tissue in small ruminants infected with Border Disease Virus (BDV) and to identify any correlation between hypomyelinogenesis and BD neuropathology. Results of the study revealed that the levels of ADAMTS-13 (p<0.05), nNOS (p<0.05), and NF (p<0.05) were remarkably higher in BDV-infected brain tissue than in the uninfected control. It was suggested that L-arginine-NO synthase pathway is activated after infection by BDV and that the expression of NF and nNOS is associated with the severity of BD. A few studies have focused on ADAMTS-13 expression in the central nervous system, and its function continues to remain unclear. The most prominent finding from our study was that ADAMTS-13, which contain two CUB domains, has two CUB domains and its high expression levels are probably associated with the development of the central nervous system (CNS). The results also clearly indicate that the interaction of ADAMTS-13 and NO may play an important role in the regulation and protection of the CNS microenvironment in neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, NF expression might indicate the progress of the disease. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on ADAMTS-13 expression in the CNS of BDV-infected small ruminants.