Yalçın, Bilal; Demira Kangal, Ayça

The aim of the study is to present an application of laddering technique which is commonly used in consumer behavior studies although rarely used in Turkish literature. With this aim determining the means - end chain of young consumers soft drink consumption and creating the hierarchical value map for them will be issued. Scientific values regarding soft drink consumption and related variables, young consumers soft drink consumption habits and, young consumers given value to soft drink consumption will be disscussed. Soft drink consumption, related variables about soft drink consumption, laddering technique, , and this application will be discussed. Findings of this study is matched with the relevant literature. As a result of this study happiness, to be able to belong to a group, achievement, relaxiation is seen among young consumers

Yalçın, Bilal

Cities are as well as being a brand come into prominence with different touristic products. It can be used as a benchmark to compare the cities tourist value created by the design and presentation of the tourist product. Gumushane and city of Innsbruck are very similar to each other in terms of both climate and the surface types. In particular, the two cities are surrounded by the mountains and two rivers go through in the middle of the cities. The comparison of the two cities (benchmarking) has been caried out on the use of natural resources more similar which they owned. Marketing of similar touristic products and contribution of tourism industry to the local economy is low in Gumushane and high in Innsbruck