Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2024Nano Partiküllü Hegzagonal Bor Nitrür’ün Ağaç Malzemenin Mekanik Özelliklerine Etkileri
Yaşar, Mehmet; Yasar, Sekip Sadiye; Irkilata, Mehmet; Sen, Selim
Bu çalışma nano boyutlu Hegzagonal Bor Nitrür (h-BN) emdirmenin sarıçam (Pinus sylvetsris L.), Anadolu kestanesi (Castanea sativa M.) ve Doğu ladini (Picea orientalis) odunlarının elastikiyet modülü (ISO 13061–4) ve eğilme direnci (ISO 13061-3) üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmayı amaçlanmıştır. %1,5 konsantrasyonda nano boyutlu h-BN ile emprenye edilen sarıçam en yüksek tutma değerleri göstermiştir. h-BN ile emprenye, tüm ağaç türlerinde %1,5 ile %5 arasında değişen yoğunluk değerinde artış olmuştur. Emprenye işlemi, tüm ağaç türleri için eğilme direnci değerlerinde bir düşüşe neden olmuştur. Kontrol örnekleri ile karşılaştırıldığında, h-BN uygulaması sonrası eğilme direnci değerleri sarıçamda %25, ladinde %18.5 ve kestanede %9 azalmıştır. En düşük eğilme direnci değeri Ladin + h-BN’de (58,1 N/mm2), en yüksek Kestane kontrol örneklerinde (89,6 N/mm2) elde edilmiştir. Retensiyon değeri daha düşük olan kestane ağacı, elastikiyet açısından değişken değerler göstermiştir. Emprenye işlemi, elastikiyet modül değerlerinde sarıçamda %18, ladinde %1 oranında azalmaya neden olurken, kestanede artışa neden olmuştur. En düşük elastikiyet modülü değeri Sarıçam+h-BN’de (8530 MPa), en yüksek Sarıçam kontrol örneklerinde (10444 MPa) bulunmuştur.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Ağaç işleri ve mobilya sektörlerinde iş güvenliği kültürüne yönelik bir değerlendirme: Gümüşhane ilinde bir durum çalışması
Yaşar, Mehmet; Yasar, Sekip Sadiye; Fidan, Muhammed Said; Komut, Osman
Türkiye’de mobilya endüstrisi sektörü küçük ve orta ölçekli işletme yapısıyla ülke genelinde önemli bir istihdam alanı sağlamaktadır. Diğer yandan sektör, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği hususunda olumsuzlukların fazlasıyla yaşandığı faaliyet alanları arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sanayi bölgelerinden uzak küçük ve orta ölçekli ağaç işleri ve mobilya endüstrisi işletmelerinde iş sağlığı ve güvenliği koşullarının değerlendirilmesidir. Bu kapsamda toplam 54 çalışan ile yüz yüze görüşme esasına dayalı anket uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada 5’li likert ölçeğinde hazırlanmış önermeler ile işyerlerinin durumu ve çalışanların konuya ilişkin görüşleri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada, elde edilen veriler üzerinde oransal karşılaştırmaların yanı sıra, iş kazasına maruz kalma değişkenine göre iş güvenliği faktörlerinin analizinde Mann Witney U testi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, katılımcı işletmelerin %67 oranında faaliyet süresinin 5 yılın altında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca kişisel koruyucu donanım kullanımı ve periyodik sağlık muayenelerde eksikliklerin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların iş kazası maruziyeti %72 olarak belirlenirken, el ve parmakların ağırlıklı yaralanan uzuvlar olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Diğer yandan iş kazası maruziyetinin iş güvenliği faktörlerine yönelik görüşlere ilişkin istatistiksel düzeyde anlamlı farklılıklar (p<0,05) oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, küçük ve orta ölçekli ağaç işleri ve mobilya işletmelerinde iş sağlığı ve güvenliği kültürünün yeterince gelişmediği söylenebilir.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2020Occupational health and safety awareness in wood, wood products and mushroom production sector in Turkey
Yaşar, Mehmet; Yasar, Sekip Sadiye; Komut, Osman
The forest industry is one of the sectors where occupational accidents are the most common. In this study, it is aimed to reveal the differences in opinions of personnel in enterprises, which fall into Turkish wood, wood products and mushroom production group, concerning occupational health and safety. Within this framework, a questionnaire application was conducted based on face to face meeting in a total of 68 enterprises in Erzincan province. In the questionnaire, the 5-point likert rating scale was used in determination of agreement level to scale items containing 9 different opinions concerning occupational health and safety issue underlying demographic characteristics of personnel and features of enterprises. As the result of the study, it was detected that machinery maintenance frequencies are too far, necessary personal protective equipment is not supplied in time and basic occupational health and safety principle implementation has deficiencies. Besides, statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were identified between opinions of employees in relation to variances as age, marital status, department worked, total time of employment in the enterprise, machinery maintenance frequency that is applied, workplace change intervals and exposure to occupational accidents.
- MakaleYalnız künye2017Combustion properties of impregnated spruce (Picea orientalis L.) wood
Şadiye Yasar, Ş.; Said Fidan, M.; Yaşar, Mehmet; Atar, Musa; Alkan, Elif
Wooden material is one of the most commonly used construction materials since history of humanity due to its environment friendly and renewable natural source. This structure of wood material is also preferred because it is lightweight, easy to work, resistant to factors such as earthquake and fire, as compared to other used building materials. However, organic structure of the wooden material causes it to be affected negatively because of damages that might occur outdoors under inappropriate conditions. Due to this reason, in this study were investigated effects of various chemicals (impregnated and varnish type), used to prevent environmental damages (biotic, abiotic pests, fire etc.) on combustion resistance of the wood exposed to air conditions for a year. For this purpose, prepared Caucasian spruce (Picea orientalis L.) specimens were surface treated (synthetic and water-based varnish) after impregnated according to ASTM-D 1413-76 principles with various chemicals (Tanalith-E and Wolmanit-CB). Test specimens with impregnated, varnished and processless, were left in outdoor conditions for a year. Combustion experiment was conducted according to the principles in ASTM-E 160-50 combustion test standards. According to the results of the experiment, control and year specimens had close results in the weight loss. Weight loss was found be lower Wolmanit-CB impregnated specimens (92.12%) among the impregnated materials to synthetic varnish coated specimens (% 91.89) among the varnished specimens. It was determined that using Wolmanit-CB for impregnating and synthetic varnish for varnishing would be better according to the results. Furthermore, the amount of O2 (25.84 ppm) in control specimens in combustion with flame; the amounts of CO and CO2 (31787, 19.92 ppm respectively) in year specimens in combustion without flame and the amount of NO (54.65 ppm) in year specimens in glowing was observed to be the highest.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2016Combustion Characteristics of Impregnated and Surface-treated Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) Wood Left Outdoors for One Year
Fidan, Muhammed Said; Yaşar, Şekip Şadiye; Yaşar, Mehmet; Atar, Musa; Alkan, Elif
Treating wood with impregnating materials in order to improve resistance to burning is a commonly employed safety measure. In this study, chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) wood samples were impregnated using either Tanalith-E or Wolmanit-CB according to ASTM-D 1413-76 and surface-treated using water-based or synthetic varnish according to ASTM-D 3023. These samples were used to investigate the combustion characteristics of samples left outdoors for one year as detailed in ASTM-E 160-50. The combustion temperatures of the samples left outdoors were similar upon impregnation with either Tanalith-E or Wolmanit-CB. However, the combustion temperature of the samples treated with synthetic varnish was lower than those that were treated with water-based varnish. The time to collapse and the total duration of combustion of the samples left outdoors were shorter for those impregnated with Wolmanit-CB. Weight loss of the samples left outdoors was higher for those that were impregnated with Tanalith-E and treated with water-based varnish. Gas analysis of the samples that were left outdoors indicated that the O2 content of flue gas from samples that were impregnated with Wolmanit-CB and treated with synthetic varnish was high and the CO content of flue gas from the same samples was low.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2016Determining the Effect of Seasonal Variation in Spruce (Picea orientalis L.) Wood Treated with Various Impregnations on Combustion Resistance
Yasar, Ş. Şadiye; Fidan, M. Said; Yaşar, Mehmet; Atar, Musa; Alkan, Elif
Prepared test specimens were surface treated and coated with synthetic and water-based outdoor varnishes after being chemically impregnated. The test specimens were left outdoors to determine the effects of impregnation and treatment on the wood during each of the four seasons. Caucasian spruce (Picea orientalis L.) test specimens were prepared and combustion analyses were performed. As a result of the combustion test, weight loss results, as compared with the control, were 89% lower in the spring specimens, 90% lower with impregnation, and 90% lower with the synthetic varnish coating. Furthermore, the O2 amount during combustion was found to be the highest in combustion with a flame source in the winter specimens (21%). The CO2 amount was the highest in combustion without a flame source for full-year specimens (20%). The CO amount was the highest in combustion without a flame source of full-year specimens (31,787 ppm), and the NO amount was the highest during glowing of full-year specimens (55 ppm). Final results showed impregnation with Tanalith-E and water-based varnish coating to be the most effective fire protective treatments.
- MakaleYalnız künye2016Effect of seasonal changes on the combustion characteristics of impregnated cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) wood
Fidan, M. Said; Yaşar, Ş. Şadiye; Yaşar, Mehmet; Atar, Musa; Alkan, Elif
Wood is an irreplaceable material used as decorative and structural element both indoors and outdoors. When used as a structural material, wood has several superior characteristics in comparison to other structural constituents, although it is adversely affected by fires as well as biotic pests and abiotic effects. In this study, cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) wood samples were impregnated using either Tanalith-E or Wolmanit-CB as detailed in ASTM-D 1413-76 and surface-treated using water-based or synthetic varnish. The impregnated and varnished samples were left outdoors with the aim of investigating the effect of seasonal changes. The samples were later subjected to combustion analysis as detailed in the combustion test standard ASTM-E 160-50. The results of the study indicated that the weight loss was lower during winter (87.82%), for samples that were impregnated using Wolmanit-CB (88.90%) and those that were treated with synthetic varnish (88.45%). On the other hand the O2 and CO2 contents were determined to be the highest in fall during combustion without flame (18.16% and 17.96%, respectively); the CO content was the highest during combustion without flame for the winter samples (28,907 ppm) and the NO content was the highest during combustion without flame for the spring samples (76.15 ppm). In conclusion, the winter samples that were impregnated using Wolmanit-CB and treated with synthetic varnish were determined to be safer to employ in areas with high fire risk.
- MakaleYalnız künye2014Structural Analysis of Forest Product Businesses in GümüşhaneProvince
Yaşar, Mehmet; Adanur, Hakan; Top, Yener; Oz, Mehmet
In total, 95% of all business enterprises established in Turkey are micro-scale, and this figureincreases to 98.6% in the forest products industry. Micro-scale enterprises are important in terms ofproduction, employment, and overcoming economic imbalances among regions. The forest productsindustry, which includes three subdivisions within the manufacturing sector, occupies an important placein the overall Turkish manufacturing sector. Thus, this study examined the structural characteristics offorest product enterprises in Gümüşhane Province. The research involved in-person interviews withpersonnel at 47 enterprises. The data revealed that the sawmill division was especially important withrespect to the use of local poplar logs. The sawmill and furniture divisions accounted for 28% of allenterprises and 26% of all employees in the manufacturing sector in Gümüşhane. We found that 57% ofenterprises had difficulty in finding working capital and 55% of enterprises experienced shortages oflabour. The average contribution of each forest products business to employment (2.55) was more thanthat of other manufacturers in Gümüşhane (2.27). The forest product businesses in Gümüşhane resembleother micro-scale enterprises located in other regions of Turkey in terms of their structural properties.