Kaygusuz, Abdullah; Siebel, Wolfgang; Ilbeyli, Nurdane; Arslan, Mehmet; Satir, Muharrem; Şen, Cüneyt

Convergent plate margins are the most intense areas of granitoid magmatism on Earth. The Eastern Pontide Magmatic Belt in NE Turkey represents a paleo-arc with numerous quartz diorite to syenite intrusions, ranging in age from 142 to 56 Ma and being composed of K-feldspar, plagioclase, quartz, pyroxene, hornblende, biotite, and Fe-Ti oxides. The granitoids exhibit low- to high-K calc-alkaline, metaluminous to slightly peraluminous I-type features and contain abundant mafic magmatic enclaves (MME). They are characteristically enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and light rare earth elements (LREE) relative to high field strength elements (HFSE). Chondrite-normalized REE patterns are fractionated (LaN/LuN= 1.49-17.4) with pronounced negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.46-1.77). Initial 87SrZ86Sr values are between 0.7056 and 0.7079, and εNd(1) values between -5.3 and 1.6. Fractional crystallization, magma mixing/mingling and crustal contamination played an important role during magma evolution. All these characteristics, combined with the low values of K2O/Na2O, Mg-number, ASI and ratios Of Al 2O3/ (FeOT+MgO+TiO2) and (Na 2O+K2O)/(FeOT+MgO+TiO2), suggest an origin by dehydration melting of mafic (amphibolitic) or tonalitic lower crustal source rocks.

Kaygusuz, Abdullah; Siebel, Wolfgang; Şen, Cüneyt; Satir, Muharrem

The Upper Cretaceous Torul pluton, located in the Eastern Pontides, is of sub-alkaline affinity and displays features typical of volcanic arc granitoids. It is a composite pluton consisting of granodiorite, biotite hornblende monzogranite, quartz monzodiorite, quartz monzonite and hornblende biotite monzogranite. The oldest syenogranite (77.9 ± 0.3 Ma) and the youngest quartz diorite form small stocks within the pluton. Samples from the granodiorites, biotite hornblende monzogranites, quartz monzodiorites, quartz monzonites and hornblende biotite monzogranites have SiO2 between 57 and 68 wt% and display high-K calc-alkaline, metaluminous to peraluminous characteristics. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns are fractionated Lacn/Lucn = 6.0-14.2) with pronounced negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.59-0.84). Initial εNd(i) values vary between -3.1 and -4.1, initial 87Sr/86 Sr values between 0.7058 and 0.7072, and δ18O values between +4.4 and +7.3‰. The quartz diorites are characterized by relatively high Mg-number of 36-38, low contents of Na2O (2.3-2.5 wt%) and SiO2 (52-55 wt%) and medium-K calc-alkaline, metaluminous composition. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns are relatively flat [(La/Yb)cn = 2.8-3.3; (Tb/Yb)cn = 1.2] and show small negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu*= 0.74-0.76). Compared to the other rock types, radiogenic isotope signatures of the quartz diorites show higher 87Sr/ 86Sr (0.7075-0.7079) and lower εNd(i) (-4.5 to -5.3). The syenogranites have high SiO2 (70-74 wt%) and display high-K calc-alkaline, peraluminous characteristics. Their REE patterns are characterized by higher Lacn/Lucn (12.9) and Eu/Eu* (0.76-0.77) values compared to the quartz diorites. Isotopic signatures of these rocks [εNd(i) = -4.0 to -3.3; 87Sr/86Sr(i) = 0.7034-0.7060; δ18 O = + 4.9 to + 8.2] are largely similar to the other rock types but differ from that of the quartz diorites. Fractionation of plagioclase, hornblende, pyroxene and Fe'Ti oxides played an important role in the evolution of Torul granitoids. The crystallization temperatures of the melts ranged from 800 to 900°C as determined from zircon and apatite saturation thermometry. All these characteristics, combined with low K2 O/Na2O, low Al2O3/(FeOT + MgO + TiO2), and low (Na2O + K2O)/ (FeOT + MgO + TiO2) ratios suggest an origin through dehydration melting of mafic lower crustal source rocks.