Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2024Assessment of Greenhouse Gases Emissions from Dam Reservoirs: the Case of Tuzluca Dam
Akgün, Çağrı; Nas, Salim Serkan
It is a known fact that large dam projects built to serve important purposes such as electricity generation, irrigation drinking water supply, and flood control cause greenhouse gases emissions due to the areas they flood. In this study, the greenhouse gases emission impacts of the Tuzluca Dam and Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP) project, planned to be constructed in the Iğdır province of Turkey, were evaluated. Analyses conducted using the G-res tool, developed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the International Hydropower Association (IHA), estimated that the Tuzluca Dam and HPP project will emit 2,228 tCO2e of greenhouse gases annually once the dam begins to hold water. In accordance with the guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is predicted that when emissions occurring before the dam and during its construction are included, the net greenhouse gases emissions of the project will be -902 gCO2e per square meter annually. The results obtained from this study were found to be consistent with similar studies in the literature.
- MakaleAçık Erişim20232D and 3D Numerical Simulation of Dam-Break Flooding: A Case Study of the Tuzluca Dam, Turkey
Akgun, Cagri; Nas, Salim Serkan; Uslu, Akin
Unlike river floods, floods caused by dam breaks occur much more abruptly and at higher water velocities. The failure of a dam due to any reason can pose a significant threat to settlements in the downstream area due to the high volume of water in its reservoir. In this case study, 2D and 3D numerical failure simulations of Tuzluca Dam, to be built in the Igdir province of Turkey, was performed using the Flow3D Hydro software. The Shallow Water and Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations were used to simulate flood propagation. In the numerical models, RNG k-ε was chosen as the turbulence model. In the analyses carried out under different scenarios, it was observed that in both methods (2D and 3D), significant flood depths would occur in two downstream village settlements. Within the scope of the study, the mortality rates in different dam-break scenarios of the Tuzluca Dam were also investigated. It has been observed that the dam failure time and breach geometry have a significant impact on the flood propagation and the loss of life in settlements. Additionally, a dam-break experiment in literature dam-break experiment was numerically solved using the Flow3D Hydro software to validate the numerical model, and a satisfactory harmony was observed between the experimental results and the numerical models. Although the 3D analysis provided a more accurate representation of the experimental results, it took approximately 20 times longer to complete the dam failure simulation in the case study compared to the 2D model. As a result, it has been determined that for comprehensive studies such as those of dam failures, 2D analyses may be more practical, while for smaller-scale scenarios or situations requiring greater precision, 3D modelling is appropriate.
- MakaleYalnız künye2014Assessing the Impacts of Seasonal Variations on Predicting Leachate Generation in Gumushane Open Dump Using Water Balance Method
Nas, Salim Serkan; Nas, Evin
Leachate quality varies depending on many factors such as the depth and the content of solid waste, seasonal variations in solid waste, and the duration of storage of solid waste; design and operation of storage space; geological and hydrogeological characteristics of storage area; and environmental interaction of leachate, which affect each other. One of the two major sources of leachate is the moisture content of the waste stored and the other is the mass of water entering the storage area from outside. A major part of the mass of water entering the storage area from outside is the infiltration of rain water through the storage area. The purpose of this study is to assess the seasonal variation in leachate of Gumushane (Central) open dump area using the 'water balance method' for the determination of the factors affecting the seasonal variation in leachate of landfill, which particularly holds a higher risk of contaminating the environment. In addition, some of the measures to be taken in solid waste storage areas in order to minimize the mass of leachate are presented.