Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Surface Modification of TBA-Br/Mt Organoclays at Different Cation Exchange Ratio
Kıranşan, Murat
In this study, the synthesis of TBA-Br/Mt organoclay at different cation exchange ratios was carried out using tetrabutyl ammonium bromide (TBA-Br) surfactant on Montmorillonite (Mt) clay. Due to the swelling properties of Mt layers with water, it’s possible to disperse or deaggregate clay aggregates into a single layer under appropriate preparation conditions. Silicate clay minerals consist of octahedral and tetrahedral layers. The most commonly used fillers in the synthesis of organoclays have a silicate layer structure. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of montmorillonite clay is usually dependent on the Si/Al ratio. The structures of TBA-Br/Mt organoclays synthesized at different cation exchange capacities were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), N2 adsorption/desorption (BET), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Transmission electron microscope (TEM). It was observed that the BET surface area decreased as the CEC ratio increased from 0.5 to 2.0 due to the increase in the amount of tetrabutyl ammonium bromide (TBA-Br) in the synthesized TBA-Br/Mt organoclay. As can be understood from the TEM images, it was observed that the Mt layers partially expanded as the CEC ratio increased from 0.5 to 2.0.
- MakaleYalnız künye2026Hydrothermal synthesis of do-TAB/CNP@NiO nanocatalyst for efficient photocatalytic degradation of acetaminophen: Characterization, photocatalytic mechanism and degradation pathways of drug wastewater
Kıranşan, Murat
This study reports a comprehensive evaluation of acetaminophen (ACT) photocatalytic degradation in aqueous media using hydrothermally synthesized Do-TAB/Clinoptilolite (Do-TAB/CNP), NiO nanoparticles, and a hybrid Do-TAB/CNP@NiO nanocatalyst. The prepared materials were systematically characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM-EDX, TEM, XRF, BET surface area, and BJH pore size analyses, confirming their crystalline structure, surface morphology, elemental composition, and porous features. The photocatalytic activity was investigated as a function of catalyst dosage, initial ACT concentration, solution pH, irradiation source, water matrix, and radical scavengers to clarify the degradation behavior and reactive species involved. Under optimal conditions, Do-TAB/CNP@NiO achieved 98.50% ± 0.75% ACT degradation within 120 min, whereas the maximum efficiency reached 99.92% ± 0.82% at 10 mg L−1 ACT under the same catalyst dosage. Kinetic analysis revealed pseudo–first–order behavior, with apparent rate constants (kapp) of 0.0061–0.0565 min−1 for catalyst dosage, 0.0117–0.0599 min−1 for ACT concentration, and 0.0218–0.0350 min−1 for water matrices. Radical scavenging tests verified the dominant contribution of reactive oxygen species and the synergistic interaction between NiO and Do-TAB-modified CNP. The hybrid catalyst exhibited stable reusability, with degradation efficiency decreasing from 98.50% to 89.68% after six cycles. Under optimized conditions, pharmaceutical degradation followed the order MET (99.90%) ' ACT (98.50%) ' SMX (88.45%) ' NAP (86.90%) ' CIP (83.89%) ' NAL (79.17%). Compared with NiO nanoparticles (70.34%), Do-TAB/CNP (63.65%), and raw CNP (54.46%), Do-TAB/CNP@NiO demonstrated markedly enhanced photocatalytic performance, indicating its strong potential for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment applications in water.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Process Intensification Sonocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green Wastewater over Hydrothermally Engineered M-ZLT@Co3O4 Nanocatalyst: Structure–Activity Relationships, Radical-Mediated Mechanism and Degradation Pathways
Kıranşan, Murat
This study reports the sonocatalytic degradation of malachite green (MG) in media using synthesized Co3O4 nanoparticles and a CTAB-modified zeolite supported Co3O4 hybrid nanocatalyst (M-ZLT@Co3O4). The catalysts were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM-EDX, TEM, XRF, N2 adsorption–desorption, BET, and BJH analyses, verifying crystalline Co3O4 formation, successful immobilization on the modified zeolite support, porous architecture, morphology and elemental distribution. Under optimized conditions of 1 g L−1 catalyst dosage, 20 mg L−1 MG concentration, natural pH, and 300 W L−1 ultrasonic power, M-ZLT@Co3O4 achieved 99.31% ± 0.45% degradation within 120 min. Decreasing the MG concentration to 5 mg L−1 increased the efficiency to 99.96% ± 0.64%, confirming high activity at low pollutant loading. The degradation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, with kapp values of 0.0042–0.0595 min−1 depending on catalyst dosage, 0.0046–0.0667 min−1 for initial MG concentration, and 0.0117–0.0620 min−1 under pH conditions. Water matrix inhibition followed distilled water (99.31%) > tap water (96.08%) > river water (88.84%) > lake water (86.90%), whereas higher ultrasonic power increased degradation from 91.98% at 200 W L−1 to 99.90% at 500 W L−1. Dye degradation followed MG (99.31%) > CR (95.78%) > BY2 (92.15%) > MV (90.24%) > AO7 (85.62%) > RB19 (82.49%). Comparative tests demonstrated performance for US/M-ZLT@Co3O4 (99.31%) compared with US/Co3O4 nanoparticles (78.48%), US/ZLT (72.86%), and US/MG alone (35.71%). The best activity was obtained at 0.8–2 g L−1 catalyst dosage and 5–20 mg L−1 MG concentration, while reusability tests showed a decrease from 99.31% to 78.82% after six cycles, indicating promising stability.
- MakaleYalnız künye2025Application of SnO2@CTAB-modified zeolitic clay nanocatalyst for the efficient sonocatalytic degradation of methylene blue in wastewater: Structural characterization, catalytic activity, and mechanistic insights
Önen, Hakan; Kıranşan, Murat
This study investigates the sonocatalytic degradation of dyes in wastewater using SnO2 nanoparticles and a hybrid SnO2@CTAB-modified zeolitic clay (SnO2@M-ZLT) nanocatalyst. The catalysts were synthesized in solution medium and characterized by XRF, XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analyses, confirming their successful formation and suitable surface properties. The effects of critical parameters including initial dye concentration, catalyst dosage, pH, water matrix, and radical scavengers on the removal of methylene blue (MB) were systematically evaluated. Under optimal conditions (10 g L−1 catalyst, 10 mg L−1 MB, Ultrasonic power: 300 W/L, pH for MB: Natural pH), the SnO2@M-ZLT nanocatalyst achieved 97.40 % ± 1.12 % degradation within 120 min, while 95.05 % ± 1.25 % efficiency was observed at 5 g L−1 catalyst and 5 mg L−1 MB. The sonocatalytic degradation of MB over SnO₂@M-ZLT followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, with kapp values ranging from 0.004 to 0.082 mg L−1 min−1 depending on catalyst dosage, 0.012–0.083 mg L−1 min−1 with varying MB concentration, and 0.030–0.055 mg L−1 min−1 across different water matrices. The optimal degradation efficiency was obtained at a catalyst dosage of 2–2.5 g L−1, an initial MB concentration of 5–10 mg L−1, and in distilled water, confirming the strong dependence of the reaction rate on both operational and environmental factors. Reusability tests showed that SnO2@M-ZLT retained high catalytic activity after five cycles. These results highlight the strong potential of SnO2@M-ZLT as an efficient and stable nanocatalyst for sustainable wastewater treatment.
- MakaleYalnız künye2023An Overview of Applications of the Electro-Fenton (e–/H2O2/Fe2+) Oxidation Processes: Degradation of Acid and Basic Dyes in the Industrial Wastewaters
Kıranşan, Murat
Abstract: As a result of the rapid development of industry and technology, a great increase has been observed in the use of chemicals and toxic substances harmful to the environment, especially in the last 20 yr. The harmful effects of industrial wastewater, which are formed as a result of the use of chemical and toxic substances as raw substances and by products in many technology branches, adversely affect the environment. Traditional treatment methods are quite inadequate in the treatment of industrial wastewater. Water pollution is one of the most important environmental problems of today. Since water is the most basic need of living things and the source of great economic activities, it is an indispensable resource for the continuation of living and non-living life. Acid dyes, one or more in the molecule contain a sulfonic acid group or a carboxylic acid group. Acid dyes are chemically classified as anionic dyes. Direct metal-complex and reactive dyestuffs containing sulfonic acid groups are also anionic. Basic dyes are in the form of hydrochlorides of organic bases and are found in the colored part of the cationic group dye. Basic dyes, contain N or S atoms as positive charge carriers. Different chemical, physical and biological processes such as chlorination, ozonation, adsorption and microfiltration are widely used in cleaning the environments where industrial wastes are present. However, in all of these methods organic substance can be removal by transferring it from one phase to another. However, due to increasing environmental pollution, the treatment process has changed to develop new methods that can decompose organic substances into CO2 and H2O instead of transferring them from one phase to another. Hybrid systems in which different oxidation processes are applied simultaneously in the same electrochemical cell, are widely used today in order to increase the efficiency of the electrochemical methods.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Comparison of the removal efficiencies of Basic red 46 from aqueous solutiousing Aşkale lignite with and without ultrasound assisted processes
Karaca, Canan; Karaca, Melike; Kıranşan, Murat; Karaca, Semra; Açışlı, Özkan; Gürses, Ahmet
This study compared the removal efficiencies of Basic red 46 from aqueous solutions with and without ultrasound-assisted processes using lignite as a low-cost adsorbent. The effects of various experimental parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial solution, pH, initial dye concentration and temperature on the dye removal efficiency were investigated. The experimental results were modelled by the kinetic and isotherm models. Both of processes fitted well to pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir model with highest correlation coefficients for all of three temperatures. The results showed that the influence parameters have a different effect on the removal efficiency in the presence and absence of ultrasonic irradiation. When the results obtained for both processes are compared, it is seen that the removal efficiency obtained with the ultrasound assisted process is much higher than that obtained with non-ultrasound assisted process at high dye concentrations. The removal efficiency of ultrasound-assisted and unassisted processes was found to be 81.5% and 54.6%, respectively, at 80 mg/L dye concentration and 60 min. Thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic. The enthalpy and entropy changes for the ultrasound-assisted process were –9.35 kJ/mol and –0.03 kJ/K·mol, respectively.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2021Investigation of the removal of sulfamethoxazole drug waste from aqueous solutions under the effect of zinc oxide/montmorillonite nanocomposite by photocatalytic ozonation process
Özyürek, Işıl Nihan; Kıranşan, Murat; Karaca, Semra
In this study, the synergistic effect of photocatalysis and ozonation processes to degrade the sulfamethoxazole (SMX), one antibiotic pharmaceutical compound, has been studied through the influence of main operational variables such as zinc oxide/montmorillonite (ZnO/MMT) dos-age, SMX initial concentration, ozone flow rate, pH and the addition of organic and inorganic scavengers. Synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were immobilized on the montmorillonite surface to prepare ZnO/MMT catalyst as a photocatalyst. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray fluo-rescence, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, high-resolution transmission electron microscope and N2 adsorption/desorption. The highest SMX degradation efficiency (80.84% for 30 min of reaction time) was obtained for the photocatalytic ozonation process compared to adsorption, single ozonation, catalytic ozonation, and photolysis. ZnO/MMT was more effective photocatalyst according to ZnO, indicating its usability as a promising photocatalyst for the removal of organic contaminants in aqueous solutions. The reduced degradation efficiency with the addition of organic and inorganic scavengers showed the important role of the photo-produced radicals and holes as well as direct ozonation in SMX degradation. A mechanism is also proposed for photocatalytic ozonation degradation by using the gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis method. Finally, several by-products were identified by GC-MS analysis, which allowed to depict a possible mechanism for the sulfamethoxazole degradation.