Caliskan, A.

If a linear electron accelerator is installed into the SPPC (Super Proton–Proton Collider) complex, ep collision options will be available in addition to pp collisions. We consider the production of excited electrons with spin-1/2 at the future SPPC-based electron–proton colliders with center-of-mass energies of 8.44, 11.66, 26.68, and 36.88 TeV. In the ep → e*X → eγX signal process, excited electrons are produced by contact interactions and decay into the photon channel by gauge interactions. Taking into account the corresponding background process, the pseudorapidity and transverse momentum distributions of the final-state particles are plotted. We reported on the discovery, observation, and exclusion mass limits of excited electrons by applying appropriate kinematical cuts best suited for amplifying the signal of the excited electron signature. We also investigated the highest achievable values of the compositeness scale for the discovery of excited electrons at these colliders.

Sahin, M.; Caliskan, A.

In recent years, with the enlightenment of some issues encountered in muon colliders, muon colliders have become more feasible for the high-energy physics community. For this reason, we studied the single production of an excited muon in muon colliders via contact interactions. In addition, we assumed that the excited muon decayed into a photon and muon through gauge interactions. Then, signal and background analyses were performed in muon-antimuon collider options with center-of-mass energies of 6, 14, and 100 TeV. The attainable mass and compositeness scale limits were calculated for the excited muon in these collider options. Based on the calculations, it was concluded that muon-antimuon colliders would be a perfect collider option for excited muon investigations.

Agostini, P.; Aksakal, H.; Alekhin, S.; Allport, P. P.; Andari, N.; Andre, K. D. J.; Angal-Kalinin, D.; Antusch, S.; Aperio Bella, L.; Apolinario, L.

The Large Hadron-Electron Collider (LHeC) is designed to move the field of deep inelastic scattering (DIS) to the energy and intensity frontier of particle physics. Exploiting energy-recovery technology, it collides a novel, intense electron beam with a proton or ion beam from the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The accelerator and interaction region are designed for concurrent electron-proton and proton-proton operations. This report represents an update to the LHeC's conceptual design report (CDR), published in 2012. It comprises new results on the parton structure of the proton and heavier nuclei, QCD dynamics, and electroweak and top-quark physics. It is shown how the LHeC will open a new chapter of nuclear particle physics by extending the accessible kinematic range of lepton-nucleus scattering by several orders of magnitude. Due to its enhanced luminosity and large energy and the cleanliness of the final hadronic states, the LHeC has a strong Higgs physics programme and its own discovery potential for new physics. Building on the 2012 CDR, this report contains a detailed updated design for the energy-recovery electron linac (ERL), including a new lattice, magnet and superconducting radio-frequency technology, and further components. Challenges of energy recovery are described, and the lower-energy, high-current, three-turn ERL facility, PERLE at Orsay, is presented, which uses the LHeC characteristics serving as a development facility for the design and operation of the LHeC. An updated detector design is presented corresponding to the acceptance, resolution, and calibration goals that arise from the Higgs and parton-density-function physics programmes. This paper also presents novel results for the Future Circular Collider in electron-hadron (FCC-eh) mode, which utilises the same ERL technology to further extend the reach of DIS to even higher centre-of-mass energies.

Caliskan, A.

We consider the production of excited electrons with spin-1/2 at future SPPC-based electron–proton colliders with center-of-mass energies of 8.4, 11.6, 26.6, and 36.8 TeV. These exotic particles are predicted in the composite models. We calculate the production cross sections and concentrate on the photon decay channel of the excited electrons with the process of ep → e*X → eγX. The pseudo rapidity and transverse momentum distributions of the electrons and photons in the final state have been plotted to determine the kinematical cutoffs best suited for discovery of the excited electrons. By applying these cutoffs we compute 2σ, 3σ, and 5σ contour plots of the statistical significance of the expected signal in the parameter space (L, m*), where L denotes the integrated luminosity of the collider and m* is the mass of the composite electrons.

Abada, A.; Abbrescia, M.; AbdusSalam, S.S.; Abdyukhanov, I.; Fernandez, J. Abelleira; Abramov, A.; Aburaia, M.; Acar, A.O.; Adzic, P.R.; Agrawal, P.

We review the physics opportunities of the Future Circular Collider, covering its e+e-, pp, ep and heavy ion programmes. We describe the measurement capabilities of each FCC component, addressing the study of electroweak, Higgs and strong interactions, the top quark and flavour, as well as phenomena beyond the Standard Model. We highlight the synergy and complementarity of the different colliders, which will contribute to a uniquely coherent and ambitious research programme, providing an unmatchable combination of precision and sensitivity to new physics.

Abada, A.; Abbrescia, M.; AbdusSalam, S.S.; Abdyukhanov, I.; Abelleira Fernandez, J.; Abramov, A.; Aburaia, M.; Acar, A.O.; Adzic, P.R.; Agrawal, P.

In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (EPPSU), the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched as a world-wide international collaboration hosted by CERN. The FCC study covered an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), the corresponding 100 km tunnel infrastructure, as well as the physics opportunities of these two colliders, and a high-energy LHC, based on FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the third volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the hadron collider FCC-hh. It summarizes the FCC-hh physics discovery opportunities, presents the FCC-hh accelerator design, performance reach, and staged operation plan, discusses the underlying technologies, the civil engineering and technical infrastructure, and also sketches a possible implementation. Combining ingredients from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the high-luminosity LHC upgrade and adding novel technologies and approaches, the FCC-hh design aims at significantly extending the energy frontier to 100 TeV. Its unprecedented centre of-mass collision energy will make the FCC-hh a unique instrument to explore physics beyond the Standard Model, offering great direct sensitivity to new physics and discoveries.

Caliskan, A.

We have investigated the production potential of the spin-1/2 excited muons, predicted by preonic models, at the four SPPC (Super Proton-Proton Collider)-based muon-proton colliders in different center-of-mass energies. For the signal process µp → µ*X → µγX, the production cross section and the decay width values of the excited muons have been calculated. The pseudorapidity and transverse momentum distributions of muons and photons in the final state have been obtained in order to choose the kinematical cuts best suited for enhancing the statistical signal of the excited muon signature. By applying these cuts, we report the discovery, observation and exclusion mass limits of the excited muons for two compositeness scale values, which are an energy level at which new interactions are expected to occur. It is shown that the discovery limits on the excited muons in the case the compositeness scale equals 100 TeV are 2.7, 3.9, 3.1 and 6.7 TeV for center-of-mass energies of 10.3, 14.2, 14.6 and 20.2 TeV, respectively.

Abada, A.; Abbrescia, M.; AbdusSalam, S. S.; Abdyukhanov, I.; Fernandez, J. Abelleira; Abramov, A.; Aburaia, M.; Acar, A. O.; Adzic, P. R.; Agrawal, P.

In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics, the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched, as an international collaboration hosted by CERN. This study covers a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee) and an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), which could, successively, be installed in the same 100 km tunnel. The scientific capabilities of the integrated FCC programme would serve the worldwide community throughout the 21st century. The FCC study also investigates an LHC energy upgrade, using FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the second volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the electron-positron collider FCC-ee. After summarizing the physics discovery opportunities, it presents the accelerator design, performance reach, a staged operation scenario, the underlying technologies, civil engineering, technical infrastructure, and an implementation plan. FCC-ee can be built with today's technology. Most of the FCC-ee infrastructure could be reused for FCC-hh. Combining concepts from past and present lepton colliders and adding a few novel elements, the FCC-ee design promises outstandingly high luminosity. This will make the FCC-ee a unique precision instrument to study the heaviest known particles (Z, W and H bosons and the top quark), offering great direct and indirect sensitivity to new physics.

Abada, A.; Abbrescia, M.; AbdusSalam, S. S.; Abdyukhanov, I.; Abelleira Fernandez, J.; Abramov, A.; Aburaia, M.; Acar, A. O.; Adzic, P. R.; Agrawal, P.

In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (EPPSU), the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched as a world-wide international collaboration hosted by CERN. The FCC study covered an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), the corresponding 100 km tunnel infrastructure, as well as the physics opportunities of these two colliders, and a high-energy LHC, based on FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the third volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the hadron collider FCC-hh. It summarizes the FCC-hh physics discovery opportunities, presents the FCC-hh accelerator design, performance reach, and staged operation plan, discusses the underlying technologies, the civil engineering and technical infrastructure, and also sketches a possible implementation. Combining ingredients from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the high-luminosity LHC upgrade and adding novel technologies and approaches, the FCC-hh design aims at significantly extending the energy frontier to 100 TeV. Its unprecedented centre-of-mass collision energy will make the FCC-hh a unique instrument to explore physics beyond the Standard Model, offering great direct sensitivity to new physics and discoveries.

Caliskan, A.; Kara, S.O.

We study the composite electron production at the FCC-based three electron-proton colliders with the center-of-mass energies of 3.46, 10 and 31.6 TeV. For the signal process of ep → e→ X eγX, the production cross-sections and decay widths of the excited electrons have been calculated. The differences of some kinematical quantities of the final state particles between the signal and background have been analyzed. For this purpose, transverse momentum and pseudorapidity distributions of electron and photon have been obtained and the kinematical cuts for discovery of the excited electrons have been assigned. We have finally determined the mass limits of excited electrons for observation and discovery by applying these cuts. It is shown that the mass limit for discovery obtained from the collider with √s = 31.6 TeV (called PWFA-LC-FCC) is 22.3 TeV for the integrated luminosity Lint = 10fb-1.

Caliskan, A.

The production potential of the excited neutrinos at the FCC-based electron-hadron colliders, namely, the ERL60⊗FCC with √s = 3.46 TeV, the ILC⊗FCC with √s = 10 TeV, and the PWFA-LC⊗FCC with √s = 31.6 TeV, has been analyzed. The branching ratios of the excited neutrinos have been calculated for the different decay channels and shown that the dominant channel is ∗→eW+. We have calculated the production cross sections with the process of ep→∗q→eW+q and the decay widths of the excited neutrinos with the process of ∗→eW+. The signals and corresponding backgrounds are studied in detail to obtain accessible mass limits. It is shown that the discovery limits obtained on the mass of the excited neutrino are 2452 GeV for Lint=100 fb-1, 5635 GeV for Lint=10 fb-1 (6460 GeV for Lint=100 fb-1), and 10200 GeV for Lint=1 fb-1 (13960 GeV for Lint=10 fb-1), for the center-of-mass energies of 3.46, 10, and 31.6 TeV, respectively.

Caliskan, A.; Kara, S.O.; Ozansoy, A.

We study the excited muon production at the FCC-based muon-hadron colliders. We give the excited muon decay widths and production cross-sections. We deal with the μp→μ∗q→μγq process and plot the transverse momentum and normalized pseudorapidity distributions of final state particles to define the kinematical cuts best suited for discovery. By using these cuts, we get the mass limits for excited muons. It is shown that the discovery limits obtained on the mass of μ∗ are 2.2, 5.8, and 7.5 TeV for muon energies of 63, 750, and 1500 GeV, respectively.

Caliskan, A.; Kisoglu, H.F.; Yilmaz, M.

A beam dynamics design of 352.2 MHz radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) of Turkish Accelerator Center (TAC) project which accelerates continuous wave (CW) proton beam with 30 mA current from 50 keV to 3 MeV kinetic energy has been performed in this study. Also, it includes error analysis of the RFQ, in which some fluctuations have been introduced to input beam parameters to see how the output beam parameters are affected, two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) electromagnetic structural design of the RFQ to obtain optimum cavity paramaters that agree with the ones of the beam dynamics. The beam dynamics and error analysis of the RFQ have been done by using LIDOS.RFQ. Electromagnetic design parameters have been obtained by using SUPERFISH for 2-D cavity geometry and CST Microwave Studio for 3-D cavity geometry.