Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2026Development of Chitosan-Stabilized Pickering Emulsions Loaded with Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Honey Bee Pollen for Functional Food Applications
Ayna, Adnan; Mesci, Esra; Arserim-Uçar, Dılhun Keriman
Honey bee pollen (HBP) is a nutritionally rich natural product containing phenolics and antioxidants; however, its rigid outer wall limits the bioavailability of these bioactive compounds. Therefore advanced extraction and delivery systems are required to enhance stability and functional performance for food applications. This study aimed to encapsulate a supercritical fluid extract (SFE) of honey bee pollen within chitosan-stabilized Pickering emulsions in order to improve encapsulation efficiency and antioxidant activity. Honey bee pollen obtained from Bingöl, Türkiye, was extracted with supercritical CO₂. Pickering emulsions were prepared via ultrasound-assisted emulsification in the presence of chitosan as a stabilizer, with SFE-HBP at 5%, 10%, and 15% (w/v). The prepared emulsions were characterized for their microstructure, particle size, zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency. Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities were assessed using the Folin–Ciocalteu and CUPRAC assays, respectively. All formulations yielded stable, uniformly distributed Pickering emulsions with spherical droplets and no visible phase separation. Indeed, encapsulation efficiency increased with increasing SFE-HBP concentration, from 73.96% to 87.06%. The particle size ranges (7.22–12.44 µm) and zeta potential values (+21.73 to +28.24 mV) indicate good colloidal stability. For both TPC and CUPRAC antioxidant activities, a concentration-dependent increase was observed, with the highest values in the 15% SFE-HBP-containing emulsions. Collectively, these findings indicate that a chitosan-based Pickering emulsion is an effective delivery system for SFE-derived bioactive compounds from honey bee pollen. The method provides enhanced encapsulation efficiency, antioxidant capacity, and physicochemical stability, hence exhibiting great potential for functional food and nutraceutical applications.
- MakaleYalnız künye2026Phytochemical profiling, biological activities, and molecular docking analysis of Dorycnium pentaphyllum subsp. haussknechtii
Ayna, Adnan; Hakan, Oguzhan; Yapıcı, İsmail; İzol, Ebubekir; Yılmaz, Mustafa Abdullah; Necip, Adem; Yapar, Yakup
BACKGROUND: In the current study, the biological activity fingerprint of Dorycnium pentaphyllum subsp. haussknechtii was investigated by an interdisciplinary approach through analysis of its phytochemical content, antioxidant capacity, enzyme inhibitory potential and molecular docking. RESULTS: The analysis of the phytochemical content by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was characterized by the presence of flavan-3-ols, such as epicatechin, epigallocatechin, and catechin, as well as quercetin-derived flavonoids such as isoquercitrin. Analysis of the antioxidant capacity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), ferric reducing antioxidant power, Fe3+–Fe2+ reducing and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity methods indicated the strong antioxidant capacity of the plant extract. In addition, the plant extract was able to modulate biological enzyme activity effectively, with IC50 values of 111.78 μg mL−1 for acetylcholinesterase, 22.07 μg mL−1 for butyrylcholinesterase, 1.39 μg mL−1 for α-glucosidase, 7.34 μg mL−1 for carbonic anhydrase I, and 17.41 μg mL−1 for carbonic anhydrase II. To have a better understanding of the molecular mechanism for the plant extract's properties, the major phenolic compounds present in the plant extract were investigated for molecular docking with their respective enzymes. As such, the results revealed a strong binding affinity and conformational stability, with strong hydrogen bonding and π–π interactions. CONCLUSION: Generally, the properties revealed by the plant extract indicate that the phenolic content, strong antioxidant properties, and enzyme inhibition activity of D. pentaphyllum subsp. haussknechtii have shown great potential for being a useful natural source for therapeutic lead compounds.
- MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2026Chitosan-Based Colloidal Delivery Systems as Natural Carriers for Propolis: Physicochemical Characterization and Application in Walnut Sausages
Mesci Dindar, Esra; Arserim-Uçar, Dılhun Keriman; Ayna, Adnan
In this study, a chitosan-based colloidal delivery systems (CDs) was developed as a natural delivery system for phenolic compounds from propolis extracts obtained via accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and evaluated for improving the functional properties of walnut sausages. ASE propolis extract was incorporated into a chitosan (C)-based colloidal delivery system formulated with varying concentrations of diacetyl tartaric acid ester of mono- and diglycerides (DATEM) and lecithin (L). The formulation containing 2.5% chitosan, 12% DATEM and propolis, with a particle size of 265.9 nm and a ζ-potential of +40.8 mV, was selected for further characterization and food applications. The phenolic encapsulation of CDs depended on the structural characteristics of individual phenolic compounds, with chrysin (70.51%), vanillin (65.12%), and benzoic acid (51.26%) exhibiting the highest encapsulation; CD-treated walnut sausages decreased the lipid oxidation and improved the storage stability of the walnut sausages during storage. These findings indicate that the chitosan-based colloidal delivery system is a promising carrier for improving the encapsulation of propolis phenolics in walnut sausages.