Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2024Late pleistocene glacial history of Mount Karadag, SW Turkiye
Bayrakdar, Cihan; Çilgin, Zeynel; Saris, Faize; Yesilyurt, Serdar; Keserci, Ferhat; Büyükdeniz, Yusuf; Halis, Onur; Vockenhuber, Christof; Ivy-Ochs, Susan; Akçar, Naki
Glacial landforms in the southwestern part of the Anatolian Peninsula are found at lower elevations than the rest, suggesting that glaciers were present during the Late Pleistocene. Karadag, located west of the Western Taurus Mountains, provides evidence of the climatic conditions that facilitated this extensive glaciation. It is characterized by numerous peaks exceeding 2300 m above sea level (asl), with the highest peak reaching 2418 m, making it the region's largest glaciation area. This high mountain mass is composed mainly of limestone and dolomite. This study focuses on the glacial landforms in Karadag to reconstruct the Late Pleistocene glacial chronology and palaeoclimate of the Western Taurus Mountains. We employed detailed UAV photogrammetry, extensive fieldwork and mapping, surface exposure dating with cosmogenic 36Cl, meteorological measurements, palaeoglacier reconstruction, and palaeo-equilibrium line altitude (pELA) calculations. Karadag, a topographic barrier to humid air masses from the Mediterranean Sea, ranks as the second wettest area in the Western Taurus Mountains. At a meteorological station we installed in Karadag, an annual precipitation of 1700 mm or more was recorded, highlighting its significant precipitation. In Karadag, we have identified two glacial valleys with a maximum length of 4.5 km and six cirques. The glaciers reached their maximum extent around 22.4 f 2.8 ka during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), facilitated by the lowering of the pELA to 2090 m. During the LGM, the glaciers covered an area of approximately 3.5 km2 and reached a maximum thickness of about 140 m. Sample TRKR 10 at 2015 m probably belongs to the LGM period. Although a single sample does not conclude definitive conclusions, the presence of the moraine at its highest position indicates the maximum thickness of the glacier. Following the LGM, two more significant glacier advances occurred during the Lateglacial (15.5 f 2.7 ka) and the Younger Dryas (12.4 f 1.1 ka). During the late Pleistocene glaciations, and especially during the LGM, Karadag probably received more precipitation than today, leading to the formation of glaciers at relatively lower elevations than on the Anatolian Peninsula.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2023Internal deformation of continental blocks within converging plates: insights from the Ovacik Fault (Anatolia, Turkiye)
Zabci, Cengiz; Sançar, Taylan; Tikhomirov, Dmitry; Ivy-ochs, Susan; Vockenhuber, Christof; Friedrich, Anke M.; Yazici, Muge; Akçar, Naki
The active tectonics of Anatolia is mostly characterized by its westward motion with respect to Eurasia between the Hellenic subduction in the west and Arabia-Eurasia continental collision in the east. Although most of the deformation is suggested to be confined along Anatolias boundary elements, viz. the North and East Anatolian shear zones, recent studies indicate a higher magnitude of internal strain accumulation, especially along the parallel/subparallel strike-slip faults of its central province. We present the first morphochronology-based slip rate estimate for one of these strike-slip structures, the Ovacik Fault, by using cosmogenic 36Cl dating of offset fluvial deposits. At the Kcseler Site (39.3643 degrees N, 39.1688 degrees E), two faulted risers, bounding the alluvial fan with its subplanar surface (NF1/NF1') and the inset terrace tread (NF1/T2), are offset 19-24 and 15-22 m, respectively. The scattered surface ages and variability of 36Cl concentrations in depth profiles suggest strong evidence for inheritance in alluvial fan and terrace deposits; thus, we used modelled depth-profile ages for both surfaces. The modelled ages 8-10 ka for NF1 and 6-8 ka for T2 yield slip-rate estimates 2.4 +0.5/-0.4 mm/a and 2.8 +0.7/-0.7 mm/a, respectively, for the upper-tread reconstruction of the NF1/NF1'and the lower-tread reconstruction of the NF1/T2. Our results together with previous slip-rate estimates for other structures show a significant internal deformation for Anatolia, especially along its subparallel strike-slip faults. These secondary faults slice Anatolia into several pieces giving rise to the formation of the Malatya-Erzincan, Cappadocian, and Central Anatolian slices, where the geometry is strongly controlled by the distribution of the Tethyan accretionary complexes.