Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
Yayınlar
- MakaleAçık Erişim2027A hierarchical metaheuristic framework for CPT-based soil liquefaction prediction with Kolmogorov–Arnold Network variants
Günen, Mehmet Akif; Öztürk, Kaşif Furkan
Soil liquefaction is a critical geotechnical hazard that threatens the safety of civil infrastructure under seismic loading, necessitating robust and interpretable prediction models. This study proposes a hierarchical framework for CPT-based soil liquefaction prediction using meta-heuristic-optimized Kolmogorov–Arnold Network (KAN) variants. The framework follows a two-stage optimization strategy. First, six state-of-the-art meta-heuristic algorithms are statistically compared to identify the most effective optimization method. Second, the selected algorithm is employed to optimize six KAN variants, including FastKAN, EfficientKAN, FourierKAN, ChebyKAN, JacobiRKAN, and PadéRKAN. Statistical comparisons based on the Wilcoxon signed-rank test demonstrate that the Colony-Based Search algorithm (CSA) achieves lower objective-function values than the competing meta-heuristics (p<0.01) and is therefore adopted as the core optimization strategy. Performance evaluation reveals that the CSA-optimized ChebyKAN model achieves the highest predictive accuracy, with an F1 Score of 0.8875 ± 0.011 and an AUC of 0.9115 ± 0.013. Pairwise McNemar tests detected no statistically significant difference in classification decisions for any evaluated model pair (p>0.01). SHapley Additive exPlanations analysis identified qc, qc1N, and amax as the variables with the largest model-specific attributions, whereas d, c, and σv received lower attributions. A cost-sensitive error analysis further showed that ChebyKAN produced the lowest false-negative rate and the lowest asymmetric error cost under 5:1 and 10:1 false-negative-to-false-positive cost scenarios, supporting its conservative behaviour for safety-critical liquefaction screening. The results establish the proposed CSA–KAN framework as a reliable, high-accuracy, and interpretable solution for CPT-based soil liquefaction assessment in geotechnical engineering practice.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Investigation of Response of Embedded Pipe in Two-Layered Soil Subjected to Near-Fault and Far-Fault Earthquakes
Öztürk, Kaşif Furkan
The behavior of pipelines during earthquakes depends on many factors such as fault movements, soil types, pipe material properties and connection details. On the other hand, damages in pipeline systems can also be seen due to relatively high peak ground acceleration values caused by wave propagation effects, or liquefaction, surface rupture that may be triggered by earthquakes. In this context, in the scope of the study, the effects of soil-structure interaction phenomenon as well as near-fault and far-fault earthquake effects on the behaviors of the pipe system have been investigated using the developed two-dimensional finite element model. Modal analyses of soil-pipe interaction system have been made for the different soil conditions and dominant mode frequencies of interaction system have been compared with dominant site frequencies obtained using a well-known approach. In addition, parametric analyses have been performed in the time domain using different soil systems and earthquake loadings. The changes in the behaviors of the pipe system have been comparatively examined for different soil conditions and earthquake loadings considered. The obtained results importantly draw attention to the fact that the responses of the pipe system may vary depending on the soil-pipe interaction, near-fault and far-fault earthquake loadings.
- MakaleYayıncıda açık erişim2025Optimizing Visibility of Historical Structures Using Modified Weighted Differential Evolution: Insights from the Kromni Valley, Gümüşhane, Türkiye
Günen, Mehmet Akif; Öztürk, Kaşif Furkan; Aliyazıcıoğlu, Şener
It is very important for historical structures to see each other in order to reveal the historical and cultural identity of a region. Historical structures in the Kromni Valley of Gümüşhane, located near the Sümela Monastery, served as places of worship, communication, trade, and social activity centers during their period of active use. This study analyses the spatial relationships of 38 historic buildings, including churches, chapels and castles, whose 3D models are created by in-situ measurements and point clouds obtained by unmanned aerial vehicles, using a 3D viewshed analysis using geographic information systems and remote sensing data. The research introduces a modified weighted differential evolution-based viewshed analysis (mWDE-WS) to enhance the visibility of these structures. In order to assess the applicability of the proposed method, a statistical comparison was conducted between four different Differential Evolution (DE) algorithms (standard DE, LSHADE, CobiDE, JADE and WDE) and the mWDE. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicates that mWDE is a more effective solution than alternative methods for addressing the relevant real-world issues. The study also integrates drainage network analysis to assess flood risks and the relationship between cultural structures and water flow. Findings show that historical structures in the region were built not randomly but within a rational approach and 64% of the study area is visible from structures and 2% of the area is visible from ten or more structures. mWDE-WS analysis revealed that the visible area could increase by 20% to 84.37% if the historic structures were placed in optimal locations. In addition, the historical structures were built away from 3rd order streams to minimize flood risk and humidity, demonstrating the community's awareness of the local topography and hydrology.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Supervised classification-based framework for rock mass discontinuity identification using point cloud data
Günen, Mehmet Akif; Öztürk, Kaşif Furkan; Aliyazıcıoğlu, Şener
Mapping and evaluating rock mass discontinuities using point clouds is a critical task in mining, civil, and geological engineering. Rock discontinuities can significantly impact the integrity, strength, and stability of rock masses. The orientation of these discontinuities is also a key characteristic of the rock mass. Accurate orientation estimation from point clouds enables more precise predictions of rock mass behavior, leading to improved safety, more efficient excavation processes, reduced operational costs, and significant time savings. In this context, a supervised classification-based framework is proposed for calculating orientation parameters from point cloud. Supervised classification plays a crucial role in tasks where a model learns complex patterns from labeled data to accurately predict previously unseen instances. The proposed method consists of eight-steps, including: data collection, pre-processing (data filtering), adaptive neighborhood size selection (omnivariance-based), feature extraction (geometric features), feature selection (Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance method), classification (Support Vector Machine), clustering (connected component labeling), and plane fitting to calculate orientation parameters (dip angle and dip direction). The framework was applied to two real-world datasets and one synthetic dataset, which was tested in two different subsampled forms (random and uniform subsampling). The results statistically demonstrated that the technique was effective in detecting and characterizing rock mass discontinuities with high Accuracy, Recall, Precision, and F-Score values ranging from 94.64% to 99.57%. The deviations of the method in the measurements of the dip angle and the dip direction, compared to the manual measurements, range from 1% to 4%, indicating strong agreement with the manual measurements and the existing studies.
- MakaleAçık Erişim2025Investigation of the Dynamic Behavior of Buried Natural Gas Pipe System
Öztürk, Kaşif Furkan
Natural gas pipelines are important infrastructure elements that are often designed to be buried and can cross very long distances, both on the mainland and on the ocean seabed. In this context, researches on the safety of these structures, which are known to cause significant economic losses if damaged, still maintains its importance. From this point of view, the dynamic behavior of a buried pipe system modeled using the equivalent spring-dashpot approach is investigated for three different soil systems and two earthquake records with three different frequency contents. The research shows that while the peak von mises stress of the pipe system can generally decrease depending on decrease in soil stiffness, the peak lateral displacements of the pipe system can generally increase depending on the decrease in soil stiffness. Furthermore, the results point out that the peak von mises stresses and the lateral displacements of the pipe system can significantly increase from high frequency content to low frequency content depending on the frequency content of earthquake.